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Thermodynamic model for deoxidation of liquid steel considering strong metal-oxygen interaction in the quasichemical model framework

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 988-1002页

作者： Yong-Min cho Youn-Bae Kang Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea N.EX.T Hub POSCO HoldingsPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKyungbuk37673Rep.of Korea

Herein,a thermodynamic model aimed at describing deoxidation equilibria in liquid steel was *** model provides explicit forms of the activity coefficient of solutes in liquid steel,eliminating the need for the minimization of internal Gibbs energy preliminarily when solving deoxidation *** elimination of internal Gibbs energy minimization is particularly advantageous during the coupling of deoxidation equilibrium calculations with computationally intensive approaches,such as computational fluid *** model enables efficient calculations through direct embedment of the explicit forms of activity coefficient in the computing *** proposed thermodynamic model was developed using a quasichemical approach with two key approximations:random mixing of metallic elements(Fe and oxidizing metal) and strong nonrandom pairing of metal and oxygen as nearest *** these approximations,the quasichemical approach yielded the activity coefficients of solutes as explicit functions of composition and temperature without requiring the minimization of internal Gibbs energy or the coupling of separate *** model was successfully applied in the calculation of deoxidation equilibria of various elements(Al,B,C,Ca,Ce,Cr,La,Mg,Mn,Nb,Si,Ti,V,and Zr).The limitations of the model arising from these assumptions were also discussed.

关键词： deoxidation equilibria thermodynamics quasichemical approach computational fluid dynamics

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Engineering and Optimization of Silicon–Iron–Manganese Nanoalloy Electrode for Enhanced Lithium-Ion Battery

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Nano-Micro Letters 2017年第4期9卷 41-48页

作者： Pankaj K.Alaboina Jong-Soo cho Sung-Jin cho Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State UniversityGreensboroNC 27401USA

The electrochemical performance of a battery is considered to be primarily dependent on the electrode material. However, engineering and optimization of electrodes also play a crucial role, and the same electrode material can be designed to offer significantly improved batteries. In this work, Si–Fe–Mn nanomaterial alloy(Si/alloy) and graphite composite electrodes were densified at different calendering conditions of 3, 5, and 8 tons, and its influence on electrode porosity, electrolyte wettability, and long-term cycling was investigated. The active material loading was maintained very high(~2 mg cm^(-2)) to implement electrode engineering close to commercial loading scales. The densification was optimized to balance between the electrode thickness and wettability to enable the best electrochemical properties of the Si/alloy *** this case, engineering and optimizing the Si/alloy composite electrodes to 3 ton calendering(electrode densification from 0.39 to 0.48 g cm^(-3)) showed enhanced cycling stability with a high capacity retention of ~100% over 100 cycles.

关键词： Electrode engineering Silicon nanoalloy Calendering effect Electrolyte wettability High-density silicon anode

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Massless and Massive Particle-in-a-Box States in Single- and Bi-Layer Graphene

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Nano Research 2011年第4期4卷 385-392页

作者： Sungjae cho Michael Fuhrer Department of Physics and Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA

Electron transport through short, phase-coherent metal-graphene-metal devices occurs via resonant transmission through particle-in-a-box-like states defined by the atomically-sharp metal leads. We study the spectrum of particle-in-a-box states for single- and bi-layer graphene, corresponding to massless and massive two-dimensional （2-D） fermions. The density of states D as a function of particle number n shows the expected relationships D（n） -n1/2 for massless 2-D fermions （electrons in single-layer graphene） and D（n） -constant for massive 2-D fermions （electrons in bi-layer graphene）. The single parameters of the massless and massive dispersion relations are found, namely Fermi velocity vF = 1.1 × 10^6 m/s and effective mass m＊ = 0.032 me, where me, is the electron mass, in excellent agreement with theoretical expectations.

关键词： Fabry-Perot interference ballistic density of states phase-coherent

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Convergence of Stereo Vision-Based Multimodal YOLOs for FasterDetection of Potholes

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 2821-2834页

作者： Sungan Yoon Jeongho cho Department of Electrical Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea

Road potholes can cause serious social issues,such as unexpected damages to vehicles and traffic *** efficient road management,technologies that quickly find potholes are required,and thus researches on such technologies have been conducted *** three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction method has relatively high accuracy and can be used in practice but it has limited application owing to its long data processing time and high sensor maintenance *** two-dimensional(2D)vision method has the advantage of inexpensive and easy application of ***,although the 2D vision method using the convolutional neural network(CNN)has shown improved pothole detection performance and adaptability,large amount of data is required to sufficiently train the ***,we propose a method to improve the learning performance of CNN-based object detection model by artificially generating synthetic data similar to a pothole and enhancing the learning ***,to make the defective areas appear more contrasting,the transformed disparity map(TDM)was calculated using stereo-vision cameras,and the detection performance of the model was further improved through the late fusion with RGB(Red,Green,Blue)***,through the convergence of multimodal You Only Look Once(YOLO)frameworks trained by RGB images and TDMs respectively,the detection performance was enhanced by 10.7%compared with that when using only ***,the superiority of the proposed method was confirmed by showing that the data processing speed was two times faster than the existing 3D reconstruction method.

关键词： CNN YOLO disparity map stereo vision pothole

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Investigation on the magnetomechanical behavior of trilayered GM actuator

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Journal of Rare Earths 2008年第2期26卷 264-267页

作者： Heung-Shik Lee chongdu cho Department of Mechanical Engineering Inha University Yonghyun-dong Nam-ku Incheon 402-751 South Korea

In this article, it was suggested a TbFe/Co/Dy trilayered GM （Giant Magnetostrictive） film type actuator and investigated the magnetomechanical characteristics of the actuator for micro application. The trilayered films were fabricated at different thickness ratios to get an optimized structure. TbFe had positive GM properties, and cobalt, dysprosium layers made the magnetostriction property of composite film increase in low magnetic field. To fabricate the Si based microactuator with trilayered film, micromachining processes including RIE （Reactive Ion Etching） and selective DC magnetron sputtering techniques were combined. The deposited film thicknesses were measured by X-ray diffraction （XRD）. As a result, the magnetization of the film on the fabricated actuator was observed to characterize the magnetic properties of the TbFe/Co/Dy film using VSM （Vibrating Sample Magnetometer）. The magnetostriction of the actuator was determined by measuring the differences of curvature of the film coated silicon substrates using the optical cantilever method, and the deflections were also estimated under the external magnetic field lower than 0.5T for micro-system applications.

关键词： GM actuator magnetostriction trilayered film magnetron sputtering magnetization rare earths

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Ungraded Matrix Factorizations as Mirrors of Non-orientable Lagrangians

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第1期40卷 26-42页

作者： Lino AMORIM Cheol-Hyun cho Department of Mathematics Kansas State University138 Cardwell Hall1228 N.17th StreetManhattanKS 66506USA Department of Mathematical Sciences Research Institute of MathematicsSeoul National UniversitySan 56-1ShinrimdongGwanakguSeoul 47907South Korea

We introduce the notion of ungraded matrix factorization as a mirror of non-orientable Lagrangian *** ungraded matrix factorization of a polynomial W,with coefficients in a field of characteristic 2,is a square matrix Q of polynomial entries satisfying Q^(2)=W·*** then show that non-orientable Lagrangians correspond to ungraded matrix factorizations under the localized mirror functor and illustrate this construction in a few *** main example is the Lagrangian submanifold RP^(2)⊂CP^(2)and its mirror ungraded matrix factorization,which we construct and *** particular,we prove a version of Homological Mirror Symmetry in this setting.

关键词： Mirror symmetry non-orientable Lagrangian submanifold matrix factorization

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FEATURE NETWORK-DRIVEN QUADRANT MAPPING FOR SUMMARIZING CUSTOMER REVIEWS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2017年第5期26卷 646-664页

作者： Su Gon cho Seoung Bum Kim LINA KOREA Sambong-ro Jongro-gu Seoul Republic of Korea School of Industrial Management Engineering Korea University Anam-dong Seongbuk-gu Republic of Korea

With the rapid growth of e-commerce, customers increasingly write online reviews of the product they purchase. These customer reviews are one of the most valuable sources of information affecting selection of products or services. Summarizing these customer reviews is becoming an interesting area of research, inspiring researchers to develop a more condensed, concise summarization for users. However, most of the current efforts at summarization are based on general product features without feature＇s relationship. As a result, these summaries either ignore feedback from customers or do a poor job of reflecting the opinions expressed in customer reviews. To remedy this summarization shortcoming, we propose a feature network-driven quadrant mapping that captures and incorporates opinions from customer reviews. Our focus is on construction of a feature network, which is based on co-occurrence and sematic similarities, and a quadrant display showing the opinions polarity of feature groups. Moreover, the proposed approach involves clustering similar product features, and thus, it is different from standard text summarization based on abstraction and extraction. The summarized results can help customers better understand the overall opinions about a product.

关键词： Customer review text summarization text mining feature network visualization

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A Finite Difference Scheme for Blow-Up Solutions of Nonlinear Wave Equations

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2010年第4期3卷 475-498页

作者： chien-Hong cho Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8502Japan Department of Mathematics National Chung Cheng UniversityMin-HsiungChia-Yi 621Taiwan

We consider a finite difference scheme for a nonlinear wave equation, whose solutions may lose their smoothness in finite time, i.e., blow up in finite time. In order to numerically reproduce blow-up solutions, we propose a rule for a time-stepping,which is a variant of what was successfully used in the case of nonlinear parabolic equations. A numerical blow-up time is defined and is proved to converge, under a certain hypothesis, to the real blow-up time as the grid size tends to zero.

关键词： Finite difference method nonlinear wave equation blow-up

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AN APPROACH TO ANALYSIS OF SINGLE PIER BASED ON THE VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLE IN MULTI-LAYERED SOIL

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2001年第3期14卷 275-282页

作者： NG Shiu cho Department of Civil Enginddring The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClearwaler BayHong Kong

In this study, a variational approach to the settlement analysisof an axially loaded pier em- bedded in a multi-layered soil profileis presented. In this method, the soil profile and the embedded pierare divided into a number of sub-layers according to the actualnumber o soil layers observed in the field. The displacement shapefunction of each soil layer is given as a product of an exponentialequation along the pier depth and the Bessel's solution in the radialdirection.

关键词： pier pile settlement

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A method for automatically translating print books into electronic Braille books

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2016年第7期59卷 129-142页

作者： Taekeun PARK Jungil JUNG Jinsoo cho Department of Applied Computer Engineering Dankook University Department of IT Convergence Engineering Gachon University Department of Computer Engineering Gachon University

In this paper, a method for automatically translating scanned images from print books into electronic Braille books is proposed with the objective of reducing the amount of time and cost required for producing Braille books. The proposed method consists of processes for identifying character and image areas in a scanned image, automatically translating characters and images into Braille and tactile graphics, respectively, and positioning Braille and tactile graphics into an electronic Braille page. Experimental results show that the proposed method drastically reduces the time required to translate a print book into an electronic Braille book. Despite the drastic reduction in translation time, the method proposed in this paper does not compromise the ability to recognize information for the visually impaired compared to manually produced Braille books, demonstrating its feasibility in practical applications. Therefore, the proposed method is expected to significantly reduce the time and cost required for producing Braille books, and provide more reading materials for the visually impaired,making significant contributions to enhancing their knowledge and welfare.

关键词： Braille tactile graphic electronic Braille book automatic translation the visually impaired

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