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Fast-tracking regenerative medicine for traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第7期15卷 1179-1190页

作者： Brooke Bonsack Matt Heyck Chase Kingsbury Blaise Cozene Nadia Sadanandan Jea-Young Lee cesar V. Borlongan Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair University of South Florida College of Medicine

Traumatic brain injury remains a global health crisis that spans all demographics,yet there exist limited treatment options that may effectively curtail its lingering symptoms.Traumatic brain injury pathology entails a progression from primary injury to inflammation-mediated secondary cell death.Sequestering this inflammation as a means of ameliorating the greater symptomology of traumatic brain injury has emerged as an attractive treatment prospect.In this review,we recapitulate and evaluate the important developments relating to regulating traumatic brain injury-induced neuroinflammation,edema,and blood-brain barrier disintegration through pharmacotherapy and stem cell transplants.Although these studies of stand-alone treatments have yielded some positive results,more therapeutic outcomes have been documented from the promising area of combined drug and stem cell therapy.Harnessing the facilitatory properties of certain pharmaceuticals with the anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects of stem cell transplants creates a synergistic effect greater than the sum of its parts.The burgeoning evidence in favor of combined drug and stem cell therapies warrants more elaborate preclinical studies on this topic in order to pave the way for later clinical trials.

关键词： clinical trials combined therapy inflammatory cascade neuroinflammation neuroprotection neurotrauma pharmacotherapy preclinical studies secondary cell death stem cells

Review of barriers and interventions to promote treatment engagement for pediatric attention deficit hyperactivity disorder care

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第12期11卷 1206-1227页

作者： Raman Baweja cesar A Soutullo James G Waxmonsky Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health Penn State College of MedicineHersheyPA 17033United States Louis A.Faillace MD Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77054United States

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is a common and impairing behavioral health disorder,impacting over 5%of children worldwide.There are multiple evidence-based pharmacological and psychosocial treatments for ADHD,and greater service utilization is associated with improved acute and long-term outcomes.However,long-term outcomes are suboptimal as multimodal treatments are often not accessed and most care ends prematurely.This narrative review discusses barriers to engagement for children and adolescents with ADHD and their families as well as interventions to overcome these barriers.Families face a variety of structural and attitudinal barriers,ranging from cost and access to stigma and low self-efficacy to successfully implement change.There are multiple interventions that may enhance engagement with ADHD care including psychoeducation,integration of behavioral services in general medical settings,telehealth as well as specific adaptations to existing ADHD treatments,such as the use of motivational interviewing or shared decision making.Integration of behavioral health into general medical settings and telehealth have been found in controlled studies to increase access by reducing both structural and attitudinal barriers.Adding motivational interviewing,shared decision making and other engagement interventions to evidence-based ADHD treatments has been found to reduce attitudinal barriers that translates into improved participation and satisfaction while enhancing outcomes.However,little is known about how to promote extended engagement with ADHD services even though a chronic care model for ADHD is recommended.

关键词： Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Treatment engagement Barriers Interventions Children Adolescents

Minimally invasive tenodesis for peroneus longus tendon rupture: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2020年第2期11卷 137-144页

作者： Danilo Ryuko Cândido Nishikawa Fernando Aires Duarte Guilherme Honda Saito cesar de cesar Netto Fábio Correia Paiva Fonseca Bruno Rodrigues de Miranda Augusto César Monteiro Marcelo Pires Prado Department of Orthopedics Foot and Ankle SurgeryHospital of the Municipal Public Servant of São Paulo(HSPM)Aclimação 01532-000São PauloBrazil Ortocity Orthopaedic Clinic Lapa 05078-000São PauloBrazil Department of Orthopaedics Foot and Ankle SurgeryHospital Israelita Albert EinsteinJardim Leonor 05652-900São PauloBrazil Department of Orthopedics Foot and Ankle SurgeryUniversity of IowaIowa CityIA 52242United States

BACKGROUND Peroneal tendon disorders are common causes of lateral hindfoot pain.However,total rupture of the peroneal longus tendon is rare.Surgical treatment for this condition is usually a side-to-side tenodesis of the peroneal longus tendon to the peroneal brevis tendon.While the traditional procedure involves a long lateral curved incision,this approach is associated with damage to the lateral soft tissues(up to 24%incidence).CASE SUMMARY A 50-year-old female had developed pain at the lateral aspect of the hindfoot 1 mo after an ankle sprain while walking in the street.Previous treatments were anti-inflammatory drugs,ice,rest and Cam-walker boot.At physical exam,there was pain and swelling over the course of the peroneal tendons.Ankle instability and cavovarus foot deformity were ruled out.Eversion strength was weak(4/5).Imaging showed complete rupture of the peroneal longus tendon associated with a sharp hypertrophic peroneal tubercle.Surgical repair was indicated after failure of conservative treatment(physiotherapy,rest,analgesics,and ankle stabilizer).A less invasive approach was performed for peroneal longus tendon debridement and side-to-side tenodesis to the adjacent peroneal brevis tendon,with successful clinical and functional outcomes.CONCLUSION Peroneus longus tendon tenodesis can be performed through a less invasive approach with preservation of the lateral soft tissue integrity.

关键词： Peroneus longus tendon Complete rupture Tenodesis Minimally invasive surgery Wound breakdown Case report

Factors associated with tobacco, alcohol, and other drug use among youth living in West Central Mexico

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2018年第1期8卷 33-42页

作者： Octavio Campollo Payam Sheikhattari cesar Alvarez Jaime Toro-Guerrero Hector Sanchez Avila Fernando A Wagner Center of Studies on Alcohol and Addictions Antiguo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Department of Medical ClinicsUniversidad de Guadalajara Prevention Sciences Research Center and School of Community Health and Policy Morgan State University Charité-Universit?tsmedizin Berlin NeuroCure Clinical Research Center School of Social Work University of Maryland

AIM To determine the prevalence of drug and substance abuse among high school students in Jalisco and its association with the severity of health, behavior and psychosocial problems in order to provide evidence for possible prevention and treatment needs. METHODS A multi-stage random sample of Jalisco high school students was given a paper-and-pencil survey based upon an adapted version of the drug use screening inventory(DUSI)(n = 24699; n = 2832). The DUSI showed adequate psychometric characteristics in this population. The statistical analyses accommodated the complex survey design with attention to unequal probability of selection and clustering of participants within schools and regions. RESULTS An estimated 44% of the students had smoked tobacco, one in five students was a current smoker, and one in four students used to smoke but had not smoked for one year or more. By contrast, 6.8% of the students reported having used marijuana, cocaine, or both. Behavioral problems, deviant peer affiliation, and troubled families were independently associated with drug use. One in two students who used tobacco or alcohol had used these drugs in the past year(46% and 54%, respectively), and one in four students who used marijuana or cocaine in their lifetime had used those drugs in the past year(28% in both cases). CONCLUSION The rates of cocaine use as well as the proportion of current users were higher than expected among high school students and indicate changing patterns of drug use in Mexico. These results corroborate that the general trend of drug use by youth in Mexico is increasing. Results from this study help us better understand the needs of at-risk youth and the need for new treatment and prevention strategies.

关键词： Tobacco Alcohol Marijuana Illegal drugs Mexico Students Epidemiology

氮化铬纳米颗粒用于肿瘤光热和光动力协同治疗

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氮化铬纳米颗粒用于肿瘤光热和光动力协同治疗

作者：塞萨尔（Alvarado cesar Francisco）哈尔滨工业大学

学位级别：硕士

癌症是一种由于肿瘤细胞不受控制生长造成的恶性疾病。光热治疗与光动力治疗相对于传统的化疗与放疗更加适合肿瘤治疗,主要体现在较深的治疗深度,更小的创伤以及更高个治疗精度,尤其是二者的协同疗法具有更佳的治疗效果。尽管目前光治... 详细信息

癌症是一种由于肿瘤细胞不受控制生长造成的恶性疾病。光热治疗与光动力治疗相对于传统的化疗与放疗更加适合肿瘤治疗,主要体现在较深的治疗深度,更小的创伤以及更高个治疗精度,尤其是二者的协同疗法具有更佳的治疗效果。尽管目前光治疗取得了较大的进展,目前仍存在一些重要的科学问题需要解决,如不可降解光活性探针造成的潜在毒性以及如何利用单一材料同时实现光热与光动力治疗效果。本论文选取可体外排出的氮化铬(CrN)同时实现光热治疗与光动力治疗。TEM结果表明CrN为片状结构且尺寸在30-100 nm;XRD与HR-TEM结果证明了其六方晶体结构及较高的结晶度;XPS结果中结合能为575.7与585.8 e V特征峰与标准物种一致证实了其为氮化铬物种。氮化铬纳米粒子无论以粉体还是分散液形式均具有宽谱的近红外吸收特性,并在外加激光照射下实现快速的光热转化升温,其光热转化效率为43.4%,高于常见的无机光热剂。利用DPBF与H2DCFDA实现的自由基检测试验证实了其良好的光敏特性,可以再溶液以及细胞内实现光敏自由基生成,并且自由基可通过维生素C的引入选择性淬灭。体外细胞针对HepG2与HUVEC的MTT实验证明了CrN具有良好的生物兼容性,并且CrN介导的协同治疗较单独的光热或光动力治疗可实现更高的癌细胞消融效果,证实了CrN为单一物种介导两种光治疗效果。在活体动物实验中,CrN可介导实体肿瘤消融,并且实验证明该治疗方法具有较低的细胞毒性、血液毒性与组织毒性。ICP-MS分析表明,在光治疗后小鼠的粪便,尿液含有大量的铬元素,同时器官内铬元素逐步减少,证明了该材料的生物可清除特性。CrN在模拟体液(SBF)被降解为三价铬离子Cr,而少量的Cr在体内为必须元素其在葡萄糖胰岛素与脂质代谢中起到很重要的作用。因此,本论文提出了一种精确、低副作用的光疗方式的方式。

关键词：光热疗法光动力疗法氮化铬可清除纳米医药

Advance in the use of gold nanoparticles in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases:new perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第12期16卷 2425-2426页

作者： Gustavo de Bem Silveira Alexandre Pastoris Muller Ricardo Andrez Machado-de-Ávila Paulo cesar Lock Silveira Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology Graduate Program in Health SciencesUniversidade do Extremo Sul CatarinenseCriciúmaSCBrazil Programa de Pós Graduação em Farmacologia UFSCFlorianópolisSCBrazil

Various conditions affecting nerve cells and the nervous system due to the loss of neurons and their connecting networks are described under the superordinate phrase“Neurodegenerative diseases”.Such diseases lead to disability due to gradual neuronal death in both the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.While many of these diseases have unknown causes,sometimes these are due to medical conditions such as alcoholism,a tumor,or a stroke,or other causes which may include genetic mutations,toxins,chemicals,and viruses.

关键词： diseases degenerative treatment

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阿莫哈德城墙修复工程

景观设计 2015年第6期 74-81页

作者： Antonio Raso - cesar Egea

在西班牙科尔多瓦省的中心地带有一座防御工事，公元12世纪阿莫哈德为抵抗基督教徒的进攻对其进行过加固。1985年，这座由城堡及其城墙结构正式成为安达卢西亚历史遗迹之一。以往的保护工作仅限于地面铺装的翻新和五座塔楼（其中最大的... 详细信息

在西班牙科尔多瓦省的中心地带有一座防御工事，公元12世纪阿莫哈德为抵抗基督教徒的进攻对其进行过加固。1985年，这座由城堡及其城墙结构正式成为安达卢西亚历史遗迹之一。以往的保护工作仅限于地面铺装的翻新和五座塔楼（其中最大的一座内有一间Anguishes礼拜堂）基座的整修，尽管城市不断发展，墙体却基本保持着原本的样子。

关键词：修复工程城墙中心地带历史遗迹地面铺装基督教墙结构加固

A review on the Ebola virus,outbreak history and the current research tools to control the disease

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第1期3卷 1-17页

作者： cesar Marcial Escobedo-Bonilla Blvd.Juan de Dios Batiz Paredes 250 Colonia San JoachinGuasave Sinaloa.Post Code 81101.Mexico

The Ebola virus is a zoonotic pathogen causing hemorrhagic fever disease with a high mortality rate.The distribution of this pathogen has been limited to woodlands from Central and West Africa and the forest-savannah ecotone in East Africa.The likely reservoir species are frugivorous bats living in these areas.This pathogen is becoming an increasing threat to human populations since its distribution range is expanding faster than expected.The current Ebola outbreaks in Western Africa and in the Democratic Republic of Congo have rapidly spread infecting high numbers of individuals in five African countries.The disease has reached the United States and Spain.This expansion is due partly to increasing global connectivity.This situation represents a new challenge to control the spread of the disease.Experimental drugs have been used to treat a few infected people with promising results.This gives hope for an effective treatment against Ebola hemorrhagic fever in the near future,though thousands of people remain at risk of infection.The present review aims to give an update of the knowledge on the disease,including features of the Ebola virus,the history of disease outbreaks in Africa and the tools that are being developed in order to control this re-emergent disease.

关键词： Ebola virus Hemorrhagic fever disease Zoonotic diseases Disease outbreaks Control methods Antiviral therapeutics

Derailment risk and dynamics of railway vehicles in curved tracks： Analysis of the effect of failed fasteners

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Journal of Modern Transportation 2016年第1期24卷 38-47页

作者： Silvia Morales-Ivorra Julia Irene Real cesar Hernandez Laura Montalbain University Institute for Multidisciplinary Mathematics Polytechnic University of Valencia 46022 Valencia Spain

The effect of the fastener's failure in a railway track on the dynamic forces produced in the wheel-rail contact is studied using the simulation software VAMPIRE to assess the derailment risk of two different vehicles in two curves with distinct characteristics. First, a 3D-FEM model of a real track is constructed, paying special attention to fasteners, and calibrated with displacement data obtained experimentally during a train passage. This numerical model is subsequently used to determine the track vertical and lateral stiffness. This study evidences that although the track can practically lose its lateral stiffness as a consequence of the failure of 7 consecutive fasteners, the vehicle stability would not be necessarily compromised in the flawed zone. Moreover, the results reveal that the uncompensated acceleration and the distance along which the fasteners are failed play an important role in the dynamic behavior of the vehicle-track system,influencing strongly the risk of derailment.

关键词：铁路车辆危险性动力学分析脱轨三维有限元模型弯道车辆跟踪系统横向刚度