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Decision Theory a.d a.a.ysis: a. Optima.Va.ue Crea.ion Precursor for Orga.iza.ions

Open Journa. of a.plied Sciences 2015年第7期5卷 355-367页

作者： cephas a. gbande Pa.l T. a.uhwa Fa.ulty of a.ministra.ion Department of Business Administration Nassarawa State University Keffi Nigeria OTIJOSH Resources Limited Abuja Nigeria

Orga.iza.ions ma.e ma.y informed decisions such a. increa.ing production ca.a.ity, improving huma. ca.ita., entering a.new ma.ket etc. This pa.er shows tha. executives ta.e either of the two ma.or types of decisions: progra.med (structured) a.d nonprogra.med (unstructured) decisions. While the progra.med decisions a.e for perfectly sta.le situa.ions, the nonprogra.med decisions a.e for the rea. world situa.ion surrounded by uncerta.nties, risks a.d a.biguities. For a. optima.va.ue crea.ion, this pa.er is succinct tha. a.robust decision theory a.d a.a.ysis serve a. a.precursor. The environment of decision-ma.ing keeps cha.ging a.d it ta.es decision-ma.ing for orga.iza.ions to cha.ge proportiona.ely to these environmenta. cha.ges if they must survive. The decision-ma.er uses proba.ility va.ues to convert uncerta.nties a.d risks into perfect knowledge poles so a. to ma.e informed decisions. Models a.e verita.le decision ma.ing tools a.d a.e deterministic a.d proba.ilistic (or stocha.tic) for progra.med a.d nonprogra.med decisions respectively. Rea.-world va.ue optimiza.ion in this pa.er centres on decisions under pure uncerta.nty a.d risky situa.ions genera.ing model fits for a. optima.va.ue crea.ion. Fina.ly, the optima.va.ue crea.ion models under the uncerta.nty a.d risk a.e suggested a.d orga.iza.ions a.vised to use professiona. decision theorists a.d a.a.ysts a. the need a.ise.

关键词： Decision-Ma.ing Decision Environment Progra.med a.d Nonprogra.med Decisions Optimiza.ion

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Knowledge-Ba.ed Entrepreneurship a.d Globa.iza.ion: Correla.es for the Wea.th of Na.ions a.d Perspectives from Nigeria

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Open Journa. of a.plied Sciences 2015年第8期5卷 460-484页

作者： Pa.l T. a.uhwa.cephas a. gbande Benedict S. a.orga.Za.ha.ia. S. a.ye OTIJOSH Resources Limited Abuja Nigeria Fa.ulty of a.ministra.ion Department of Business Administration Nassarawa State University Keffi Nigeria Cornerstone Insura.ce PLC Abuja Nigeria Office of the Secreta.y of the Government of Benue Sta.e Makurdi Nigeria

Though Knowledge ba.ed entrepreneurship (KBE) is yet a. evolving concept a.d globa.iza.ion is without a. a.cepta.le concept globa.ly, their tenets represent sound methods a.d stra.egies for socioeconomic development. Inextrica.ly, KBE a.d globa.iza.ion phenomena.could be seen a. mutua.ly exclusive a.d collectively exha.stive in exploiting socioeconomic development ca.ita.. In this pa.er, the a.thors investiga.ed a.d found out tha. the defining role of both KBE a.d globa.iza.ion wa. to rela.e a. correla.es for the wea.th of na.ions, a.d a.so wa. in a. inva.ua.le rela.ionship. KBE is defined a. va.ia.les tha. engender innova.ion, crea.ivity, entrepreneuria. culture a.d orienta.ion with science a.d technology to underpin optima.va.ue crea.ion. These include mea.ura.le inputs such a. micro, sma.l a.d medium enterprises (MSME) performa.ce a.d litera.y ra.es a. a.given time period in the economy. Globa.iza.ion on the other ha.d is a.multifa.eted, multidisciplina.y a.d complex phenomenon tha. is proxy on economic, politica. a.d socia. globa.iza.ion indexes, a.d internet penetra.ion a. a.given time period in the sa.e economy. This pa.er tested two hypotheses to prove the construct tha. KBE a.d globa.iza.ion were correla.es for wea.th of na.ions with very significa.t results using seconda.y da.a. Resea.ch tria.gula.ion wa. a.so performed to pra.ma.ica.ly prove the results using prima.y da.a. Both meta.a.a.yses were conducted using IBM SPSS 21 softwa.e on the ma.n model, the multiple regression, a.confirma.ory model a.d the chi-squa.e. Fina.ly, the pa.er ca.led for policy for improving tra.ning a.d educa.ion of science a.d technology content to the entrepreneurs, while ta.ing a.360 degrees a.proa.h to promote a.d intensify globa.iza.ion pra.tices in Nigeria. a.d by extension, to other globa. economies.

关键词： Entrepreneurship Process Knowledge Ma.a.ement Globa.iza.ion Innova.ion a.d Crea.ivity Educa.ion a.d Lea.ning

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