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HEN:a novel hybrid explainable neural network based framework for robust network intrusion detection

Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 72-90页

作者： Wei WEI Sijin chen cen chen Heshi WANG Jing LIU Zhongyao chenG Xiaofeng ZOU School of Computer Science and Engineering Xi'an University of TechnologyShaanxi Key Laboratory for Network Computing and Security Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology School of Future Technology South China University of Technology Shenzhen Research Institute of Hunan University School of Computer Science Hunan University of Technology and Business Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R) Agency for Science Technology and Reseach (A*STAR)

With the rapid development of network technology and the automation process for 5G, cyberattacks have become increasingly complex and threatening. In response to these threats, researchers have developed various network intrusion detection systems(NIDS) to monitor network traffic. However, the incessant emergence of new attack techniques and the lack of system interpretability pose challenges to improving the detection performance of NIDS. To address these issues, this paper proposes a hybrid explainable neural network-based framework that improves both the interpretability of our model and the performance in detecting new attacks through the innovative application of the explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)method. We effectively introduce the Shapley additive explanations(SHAP) method to explain a light gradient boosting machine(Light GBM) model. Additionally, we propose an autoencoder long-term short-term memory(AE-LSTM) network to reconstruct SHAP values previously generated. Furthermore, we define a threshold based on reconstruction errors observed during the training phase. Any network flow that surpasses the specified threshold is classified as an attack flow. This approach enhances the framework's ability to accurately identify attacks. We achieve an accuracy of 92.65%, a recall of 95.26%, a precision of 92.57%,and an F1-score of 93.90% on the dataset NSL-KDD. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach generates detection performance on par with state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： explainable artificial intelligence light gradient boosting machine machine learning network intrusion detection Shapley additive explanation hybrid explainable neural network (HEN)

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Can a multistage approach improve individual tree mortality predictions across the complex mixed-species and managed forests of eastern North America?

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第1期10卷 21-30页

作者： cen chen John Kershaw Jr Aaron Weiskittel Elizabeth McGarrigle center for Research on Sustainable Forests University of MaineOronoME04469USA Faculty of Forestry&Environmental Management University of New BrunswickFrederictonNBE3B 5A3Canada Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources HalifaxNSB3J 3M8Canada

Tree mortality plays a fundamental role in the dynamics of forest ecosystems,yet it is one of the most difficult phenomena to accurately predict.Various modeling strategies have been developed to improve individual tree mortality predictions.One less explored strategy is the use of a multistage modeling approach.Potential improvements from this approach have remained largely unknown.In this study,we developed a novel multistage approach and compared its performance in individual tree mortality predictions with a more conventional approach using an identical individual tree mortality model formulation.Extensive permanent plot data(n=9442)covering the Acadian Region of North America and over multiple decades(1965–2014)were used in this study.Our results indicated that the model behavior with the multistage approach better depicted the observed mortality and showed a notable improvement over the conventional approach.The difference between the observed and predicted numbers of dead trees using the multistage approach was much smaller when compared with the conventional approach.In addition,tree survival probabilities predicted by the multistage approach generally were not significantly different from the observations,whereas the conventional approach consistently underestimated mortality across species and overestimated tree survival probabilities over the large range of DBH in the data.The new multistage approach also predictions of zero mortality in individual plots,a result not possible in conventional models.Finally,the new approach was more tolerant of modeling errors because it based estimates on ranked tree mortality rather than error-prone predicted values.Overall,this new multistage approach deserves to be considered and tested in future studies.

关键词： Tree mortality modeling Mortality disaggregation Mixed effect model Annualization Mixed forests

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A modified spontaneous emulsification solvent diffusion method for the preparation of curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles with enhanced in vitro anti-tumor activity

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2014年第4期8卷 332-342页

作者： cen chen Institute of Biomaterials and Marine Biological Resources College of Life Sciences Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China Bio-X center Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China

To improve the anti-tumor activity of hydrophobic drug curcumin, we prepared curcumin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles （PLGA-Cur NPs） through a modified spontaneous emulsification solvent diffusion （modified-SESD） method. The influence of main preparation parameters was investigated, such as the volume ratio of binary organic solvents and the concentration of surfactant. Results indicated that the synthesized regular spherical PLGA NPs with the average diameter of 189.7 nm exhibited relatively higher yield （58.9%）, drug loading （11.0% （w/w）） and encapsulation efficiency （33.5%）, and also a controllable drug release profile. In order to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxicity of the prepared NPs, MTT assay was conducted, and results showed that the NPs could effectively inhibit HL60 and HepG2 cells with lower IC50 values compared with free curcumin. Furthermore, confocal microscopy together with flow cytometry analysis proved the enhanced apoptosis-inducing ability of PLGA-Cur NPs. Polymeric NP formulations are potential to be used for hydrophobic drug delivery systems in cancer therapy.

关键词： curcumin PLGA nanoparticle modified spontaneous emulsificationsolvent diffusion （modified-SESD） anti-tumor

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3D printed porous titanium filled with mineralized UV-responsive chitosan hydrogel promotes cell proliferation and osteogenesis in vitro

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第11期142卷 34-44页

作者： Jiazhao Yang Fan Liu Changshun Zhou Hejie Li Gaolin Yang Shiyuan Fang In-Seop Lee Yi Liu Hao Bai cen chen The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001China Department of Orthodontics School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyang 110002China College of Life Sciences and Medicine Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China Institute of Laser Advanced Manufacturing Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Institute of Human Materials Suwon 16514Republic of Korea State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine Hangzhou 310018China

The modification of 3D printed porous titanium(Ti),especially for the internal pore structure,is critical and has received more attention to promoting its osteogenesis for clinical use.Ultra-violet(UV)responsive chitosan(CSMA),as an injectable filling material,was firstly incorporated into porous Ti,and then CSMA was in-situ mineralized by carbon oxide(CO_(2))diffusion(CSMA/CaCO_(3)).Their physical-chemical and biological properties were investigated in vitro.CaCO_(3) crystals within CSMA hydrogels were successfully deposited into pores of porous Ti,which exhibited favorable biocompatibility.Ti implants filled with CSMA/CaCO_(3) promoted adhesion and proliferation of bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs).Moreover,Ti implant filled CSMA/CaCO_(3) hydrogels could increase alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activities,up-regulate osteopontin(OPN)and osteocalcin(OCN)expression levels,and enhance extracellular mineralization.3D printed porous Ti filled with mineralized UV-responsive chitosan hydrogel could promote proliferation and osteogenesis of BMSCs,and have great potential for the modification of porous Ti implants in bone tissue engineering.

关键词： Porous titanium Chitosan Ultraviolet(UV)-responsive Mineralization Osteogenesis

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A new thermo-elasto-plasticity constitutive theory for polycrystalline metals

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2015年第3期31卷 338-348页

作者： cen chen Qiheng Tang Tzuchiang Wang State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences

In this study, the behavior of polycrystalline metals at different temperatures is investigated by a new thermo-elasto-plasticity constitutive theory. Based on solid mechanical and interatomic potential, the constitutive equa- tion is established using a new decomposition of the deformation gradient. For polycrystalline copper and magnesium, the stress-strain curves from 77 to 764 K （copper）, and 77 to 870 K （magnesium） under quasi-static uniaxial loading are calculated, and then the calculated results are compared with the experiment results. Also, it is determined that the present model has the capacity to describe the decrease of the elastic modulus and yield stress with the increasing temperature, as well as the change of hardening behaviors of the polycrystalline metals. The calculation process is simple and explicit, which makes it easy to implement into the applications.

关键词： Thermo-elasto-plasticity constitutive theory Yield stress Hardening behaviors Finite temperature

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Polyethyleneimine-modified calcium carbonate nanoparticles for p53 gene delivery

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2016年第1期3卷 57-63页

作者： cen chen Huafeng Han Wei Yang Xiaoyuan Ren Xiangdong Kong Bio-X center College of Life SciencesZhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China Institute of Biomaterials and Marine Biological Resources College of Life SciencesZhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China

In this study,calcium carbonate(CaCO3)nanoparticles with spherical structure were regulated by arginine and successfully synthesized via a facile co-precipitation method.The average particle size of as-prepared CaCO3 was about 900 nm.The properties of nanostructured CaCO3 particles were characterized by scanning electron microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,Xray diffraction and size distribution.After modified with polyethyleneimine(PEI),the ability of PEICaCO3 nanoparticles to carry GFP-marked p53 gene(pEGFP-C1-p53)into cancer cells to express P53 protein were studied.Meanwhile,the cytotoxicity,transfection efficiency,cells growth inhibition and the ability to induce apoptosis by expressed P53 protein were conducted to evaluate the performances of PEI-CaCO3 nanoparticles.The results show that prepared PEI-CaCO3 nanoparticles had good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity in a certain concentration range.PEI-CaCO3 effectively transfected pEGFP-C1 gene into epithelial-like cancer cells.And with the expression of GFP-P53 fusion protein,pEGFP-C1-p53-gene-loaded PEI-CaCO3 particles significantly reduced the proliferation of cancer cells.These findings indicate that our PEI-modified CaCO3 nanoparticles are potential to be successfully used as carriers for gene therapy.

关键词： calcium carbonate gene therapy nanoparticles polyethyleneimine p53

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含裂纹油气管道CFRP修复数值研究

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石油化工设备 2024年第2期53卷 23-31页

作者：王琪周云陈岑江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院江苏南京210036

裂纹缺陷引发的管道强度下降是埋地油气管道的主要事故原因之一,而高强度、高模量、耐腐蚀的碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)可以很好地缠绕修复缺陷管段。针对有/无CFRP修复20钢含矩形裂纹缺陷管道,采用ANSYS有限元软件模拟内压载荷作... 详细信息

裂纹缺陷引发的管道强度下降是埋地油气管道的主要事故原因之一,而高强度、高模量、耐腐蚀的碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)可以很好地缠绕修复缺陷管段。针对有/无CFRP修复20钢含矩形裂纹缺陷管道,采用ANSYS有限元软件模拟内压载荷作用下含裂纹管道修复前后的响应过程,分析了裂纹角度、裂纹长度、裂纹深度、修复长度及修复厚度等参数对含裂纹管道强度的影响规律。研究表明,含裂纹管道的最大Mises等效应力随着裂纹与管道轴向夹角的减小、裂纹长度和深度的增大而增大,内压的增大加剧了缺陷参数对管道强度的影响程度。在工程中要严格控制裂纹在深度和长度方向的扩展,在内部减压后再维修含裂纹管道。CFRP修复厚度是修复后含裂纹管道强度的主要影响因素,随着修复厚度一定程度的增大,含裂纹管道最大Mises等效应力呈线性下降。

关键词：管道裂纹复合材料修复数值分析

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基于学习分析的数字教科书使用研究

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教育研究与实验 2024年第2期 93-101页

作者：雷浩朱淳毅陈岑华东师范大学课程与教学研究所华东师范大学教育学部上海200062

数字教科书是教科书发展的方向之一,也是信息技术运用于教育领域的重要尝试。目前数字教科书使用在现实中仍然存在使用过程被异化、使用主体的角色错位、使用规范性缺失等问题。而学习分析技术具有聚焦学习过程及学习数据的特点,有利于... 详细信息

数字教科书是教科书发展的方向之一,也是信息技术运用于教育领域的重要尝试。目前数字教科书使用在现实中仍然存在使用过程被异化、使用主体的角色错位、使用规范性缺失等问题。而学习分析技术具有聚焦学习过程及学习数据的特点,有利于及时收集数字教科书使用信息、优化数字教科书使用过程、促进数字教科书使用规范的形成。因此,未来数字教科书使用研究可以融入学习分析技术,发挥其在数据搜集、分析、呈现、反馈等领域的优势,尝试回应学习者、教育者等各主体面临的难题。

关键词：数字教科书学习分析教科书使用

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企业数字化发展的收入分配效应——基于中国 A 股上市公司的经验研究

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华南师范大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第3期 50-63,206页

作者：陈岑滕阳川陈阳张哲天津财经大学经济学院天津300222 中国财政科学研究院社会发展研究中心北京100142 南开大学经济学院天津300071 北京师范大学经济与资源管理研究院北京100875

在数字技术飞速发展的时代背景下,深入探索企业数字化发展的经济社会影响不仅有助于企业更好地适应数字经济时代的新挑战,更有助于相关政策的设计和制定,缓解数字化发展带来的不平等。基于2012—2022年沪深A股上市公司的数据,从劳动收... 详细信息

在数字技术飞速发展的时代背景下,深入探索企业数字化发展的经济社会影响不仅有助于企业更好地适应数字经济时代的新挑战,更有助于相关政策的设计和制定,缓解数字化发展带来的不平等。基于2012—2022年沪深A股上市公司的数据,从劳动收入份额、内部薪酬差距和技能溢价的角度,对企业数字化发展的收入分配效应进行系统性研究,探讨其内在的影响机制,发现:由于企业数字化发展的平均工资增长率效应超过了生产率效应,数字化的发展有利于企业劳动收入份额的提高;企业数字化通过加剧行业竞争并改善企业信息环境等途径缩小了企业内部的薪酬差距;企业数字化通过提升高技能劳动者的相对需求加剧了技能溢价的程度。

关键词：企业数字化发展劳动收入份额薪酬差距技能溢价

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基于文献计量分析的法学核心刊物发文现状及研究热点分析

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天津科技 2024年第6期51卷 90-95页

作者：陈岑天津大学图书馆天津300072

以2016—2021年间部分CSSCI法学核心期刊收录的13700篇论文为研究对象,分析法学学科研究领域发文数量、研究机构等。与此同时,统计、筛选高频关键词,深入探讨高影响力期刊。法学研究核心期刊质量整体较为稳定,影响因子有一定波动,其发... 详细信息

以2016—2021年间部分CSSCI法学核心期刊收录的13700篇论文为研究对象,分析法学学科研究领域发文数量、研究机构等。与此同时,统计、筛选高频关键词,深入探讨高影响力期刊。法学研究核心期刊质量整体较为稳定,影响因子有一定波动,其发布成果所属二级学科分布具有规律性。研究热点主要围绕“民法典”“法治”“人工智能”“比例原则”“司法改革”等,研究主题愈加具体,注重细节和实践。

关键词：法学研究热点重要成果文献计量

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