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A micromirror array with annular partitioning for high-speed random-access axial focusing

Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 241-255页

作者： Nathan Tessema Ersumo cem yalcin Nick Antipa Nicolas Pegard Laura Waller Daniel Lopez Rikky Muller The University of California Berkeley and University of CaliforniaSan Francisco Graduate Program in BioengineeringBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Electrical Engineering&Computer Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Applied Physical Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27514USA Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San FranciscoCA 94158USA Physical Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA

Dynamic axial focusing functionality has recently experienced widespread incorporation in microscopy,augmented/virtual reality(AR/VR),adaptive optics and material ***,the limitations of existing varifocal tools continue to beset the performance capabilities and operating overhead of the optical systems that mobilize such *** varifocal tools that are the least burdensome to operate(*** crystal,elastomeric or optofluidic lenses)suffer from low(≈100 Hz)refresh ***,the fastest devices sacrifice either critical capabilities such as their dwelling capacity(*** gradient lenses or monolithic micromechanical mirrors)or low operating overhead(*** mirrors).Here,we present a general-purpose random-access axial focusing device that bridges these previously conflicting features of high speed,dwelling capacity and lightweight drive by employing lowrigidity micromirrors that exploit the robustness of defocusing phase ***,the device consists of an 8.2mm diameter array of piston-motion and 48-μm-pitch micromirror pixels that provide 2πphase shifting for wavelengths shorter than 1100 nm with 10-90% settling in 64.8μs(i.e.,15.44 kHz refresh rate).The pixels are electrically partitioned into 32 rings for a driving scheme that enables phase-wrapped operation with circular symmetry and requires<30 V per *** experiments demonstrated the array’s wide focusing range with a measured ability to target 29 distinct resolvable depth ***,the features of the proposed array offer the potential for compact,straightforward methods of tackling bottlenecked applications,including high-throughput single-cell targeting in neurobiology and the delivery of dense 3D visual information in AR/VR.

关键词： mirror axial random

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Intramedullary Nailing of Femoral Shaft Fractures with Compressive Nailing Using Only Distal Dynamic Hole and Proximal Static Hole

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2014年第2期4卷 27-30页

作者： Hakan Cift Engin Eceviz Necdet Saglam cem Coskun Avci Salih Soylemez Esat Uygur yalcin Turhan Korhan Ozkan Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Kartal Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Umraniye Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Medeniyet University Goztepe Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Atatürk Public HospitalDüzceTurkey.

Objectives: In this study we aimed to present our treatment results of intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures with compressive nailing using proximal static hole and only distal dynamic hole with one screw. Methods: Forty-three patients who had a fracture of the femoral shaft were managed between 2005 and 2008 with intramedullary nailing and the use of only one screw for distal interlocking. Prospectively we evaluated the union time, possible reoperation, fixation and fracture alignment, range of knee motion and complications. Results: Union occurred within a mean duration of 18.7 weeks. No failures of the fixation and fracture alignment and no more than 1 cm shortness were detected. The knee range of motion was all more than 90 degree. Only one deep venous thrombosis was detected as complication. Conclusions: Compressive nailing using proximal hole and only distal dynamic hole with one screw is a convenient technique for femur fractures.

关键词： Femur Fracture Intramedullary Nailing Dynamic Locking

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