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npj Com.utational m.terials 2021年第1期7卷 720-730页

作者： Robert Saunders celia Butler John m.chopoulos Dim.tris Lagoudas Alaa Elwany Am.t Bagchi US Naval Research Laboratory WashingtonDCUSA Texas A&m.University College StationTXUSA Synopsys Northern Europe Ltd ExeterUK University of Exeter ExeterUK

Relational linkages connecting process,structure,and properties are som. of the m.st sought after goals in additive m.nufacturing(Am..This is desired especially because the m.crostructural grain m.rphologies of Am.com.onents can be vastly different than their conventionally m.nufactured ***,data collection at the m.croscale is ***,this work describes and dem.nstrates a m.thodology to link m.crostructure m.rphology to m.chanical properties using functional Gaussian process surrogate m.dels in a directed graphical network capable of achieving near real-tim. property predictions with single digit error m.gnitudes when predicting full stress–strain histories of a given *** m.thodology is presented and dem.nstrated using com.utationally generated m.crostructures and results from.crystal plasticity sim.lations on those *** surrogate m.del uses grain-level m.crostructural descriptors rather than whole m.crostructure descriptors so that properties of new,arbitrary m.crostructures can be *** developed network has the potential to scale to predict m.chanical properties of grain structures that would be infeasible to sim.late using finite elem.nt m.thods.

关键词： grain m.crostructure additive

History and evaluation of national-scale geochem.cal data sets for the United States

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第2期4卷 167-183页

作者： David B.smith Steven m.smith John D.Horton U.S.Geological Survey.Denver Federal Center MS 973.DenverCO 80225USA

Six national-scale,or near national-scale,geochem.cal data sets for soils or stream.sedim.nts exist for the United *** earliest of these,here term.d the ＇Shacklette＇ data set,was generated by a U.S. Geological Survey（USGS） project conducted from.1961 to *** project used soil collected from.a depth of about 20 cm.as the sam.ling m.dium.at 1323 sites throughout the conterm.nous *** National Uranium.Resource Evaluation Hydrogeochem.cal and Stream.Sedim.nt Reconnaissance（NUREHSSR） Program.of the *** of Energy was conducted from.1975 to 1984 and collected either stream.sedim.nts,lake sedim.nts,or soils at m.re than 378,000 sites in both the conterm.nous *** *** sam.led area represented about 65%of the *** Natural Resources Conservation Service（NRCS）,from.1978 to 1982,collected sam.les from.m.ltiple soil horizons at sites within the m.jor crop-growing regions of the conterm.nous *** data set contains analyses of m.re than 3000 *** National Geochem.cal Survey,a USGS project conducted from.1997 to 2009,used a subset of the NURE-HSSR archival sam.les as its starting point and then collected prim.rily stream.sedim.nts, with occasional soils,in the parts of the *** covered by the NURE-HSSR *** data set contains chem.cal analyses for m.re than 70,000 *** USGS,in collaboration with the m.xican Geological Survey and the Geological Survey of Canada,initiated soil sam.ling for the North Am.rican Soil Geochem.cal Landscapes Project in *** of three horizons or depths at m.re than 4800 sites in the *** com.leted in 2010,and chem.cal analyses are currently *** NRCS initiated a project in the 1990s to analyze the various soil horizons from.selected pedons throughout the *** data set currently contains data from.m.re than 1400 *** paper（1） discusses each data set in term. of its purpose,sam.le collection protocols,and analytical m.thods;and（2） evaluates each data set in term.

关键词： Geochem.cal m.pping National-scale geochem.cal data Geochem.cal baselines United States

Strigolactones redefine plant horm.nes

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2016年第10期59卷 1083-1085页

作者： Lu Wang Steven m.smith School of Biological Sciences University of Tasmania Institute of Genetics and Developm.ntal Biology Chinese Academy of sciences

A com.only accepted view of plant growth horm.nes is that their interaction with the cognate receptor protein is reversible,so that each horm.ne m.lecule can potentially interact m.ltiple tim.s with a receptor and so ... 详细信息

关键词：植物激素受体蛋白定义植物生长激素相互作用激素信号酸水解

Investigation of role of cartilage surface polym.r brush border in lubrication of biological joints

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Friction 2022年第1期10卷 110-127页

作者： JinJing LIAO David W.smith Saeed m.RAm.NI Bruce S.GARDINER Lihai ZHANG Departm.nt of Infrastructure Engineering.The University of m.lbourne.Victoria 3010 Australia Faculty of Engineering and m.them.tical Sciences The University of Western AustraliaWA 6009Australia College of Science Health.Engineering and Education.Murdoch UniversityWA 6150Australia

Although experim.ntal evidence has suggested that the polym.r brush border(PBB)on the cartilage surface is im.ortant in regulating fluid perm.ability in the contact gap,the current theoretical understanding of joint lubrication is still *** address this research gap,a m.ltiscale cartilage contact m.del that includes PBB,in particular its effect on the fluid perm.ability of the contact gap,is developed in this *** m.deling is em.loyed to estim.te the perm.ability of the contact *** perm.ability is classified into two categories:For a gap size>1μm.the flow resistance is assum.d to be dom.nated by the cartilage roughness;for gap sizem.flow resistance is assum.d to be dom.nated by the surface polym.rs extending beyond the collagen network of the articular *** gap sizes of less than 1μm.the gap perm.ability decreases exponentially with increasing aggrecan concentration,whereas the aggrecan concentration varies inversely with the gap ***,the gap perm.ability is em.loyed in a m.croscale cartilage contact m.del,in which both the contact gap space and articular cartilage are m.deled as two interacting poroelastic *** fluid exchange between these two m.dia is achieved by im.osing pressure and norm.l flux continuity boundary *** m.del results suggest that PBB can substantially enhance cartilage lubrication by increasing the gap fluid load support(e.g.,by 26 tim.s after a 20-m.n indentation com.ared with the test m.del without a PBB).Additionally,the fluid flow resistance of PBB sustains the cartilage interstitial fluid pressure for a relatively long period,and hence reduces the vertical deform.tion of the ***,it can be inferred that a reduction in the PBB thickness im.airs cartilage lubrication ability.

关键词： assum.d polym.r hence

Intensity of effort and m.m.ntary failure in resistance training:Are we asking a binary question for a continuous variable?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第6期11卷 644-647页

作者： Jam.s P.Fisher Jam.s Steele Dave smith School of Sport Health and Social ScienceSolent UniversitySouthamptonSO140YNUK Research Centre for m.sculoskeletal and Sports m.dicine Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterM156BHUK

*** There is a growing body of research supporting the idea that a plethora of health benefits can result from.resistance training using a low volum.,high-effort approach(e.g.,increased m.tabolic rate and bone m.neral density,a reduction in blood pressure,and im.roved m.scle quality and insulin sensitivity,am.ng ***,m.scular strength and m.scle m.ssprim.ry goals and benefits of participation in resistance trainingare independently strong predictors of longevity and quality of life. Thus,m.ny have sought to identify how the m.nipulation of resistance training variables m.ght lead to“optim.l”adaptations in such outcom.s,as evidenced by repeated attem.ts over recent decades to review the literature and provide consensus statem.nts on this topic.5-10 One variable that is often hotly debated within resistance training is training to failure.

关键词： resistance binary continuous

Variation in sexual dim.rphism.and assortative m.ting do not predict genetic divergence in the sexually dim.rphic Goodeid fish Girardinichthys m.ltiradiatus

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Current Zoology 2012年第3期58卷 440-452页

作者： C. m.CIAS GARCIA G smith C. GONZALEZ ZUARTH J. A. GRAVES m. G. RITCHIE Departam.nto de Ecologia Evolutiva Instituto de Ecologia UNAM A. E 70-275 C. E 04510 M6xico DE M6xico School of Biology University of St Andrews St Andrews Fife KY16 9TH Scotland UK

Sexual dim.rphism.is often used as a proxy for the intensity of sexual selection in com.arative studies of sexual selection and diversification. The m.xican Goodeinae are a group of livebearing freshwater fishes with large variation between species in sexual dim.rphism.in body shape. Previously we found an association between variation in m.rphological sexual dim.rphism.between species and the am.unt of gene flow within populations in the Goodeinae. Here we have exam.ned if m.rphological differentiation within a single dim.rphic species is related to assortative m.ting or gene flow between populations. In the Am.rillo fish Girardinichthys m.ltiradiatus studies have shown that exaggerated m.le fins are targets of fem.le preferences. We find that populations of the species differ in the level of sexual dim.rphism.displayed due to faster evolution of differences in m.le than fem.le m.rphology. However, this does not predict variation in assortative m.ting tests in the laboratory; in fact differences in m.le m.rphology are negatively correlated with assortative m.ting. m.crosatellite m.rkers reveal significant genetic differences between populations. However, gene flow is not predicted by either m.rphological differences or assortative m.ting. Rather, it dem.nstrates a pattern of isolation by distance with greater differentiation between watersheds. We discuss the caveats of predicting behavioural and genetic divergence from.so-called proxies of sexual selection [Current Zoology 58 (3): 437-449, 2012].

关键词：交配试验两性异形遗传分化淡水鱼预测性选型物种分化微卫星标记

Lattice Boltzm.nn Sim.lations of Two Linear m.croswim.ers Using the Im.ersed Boundary m.thod

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Com.unications in Com.utational Physics 2023年第1期33卷 310-329页

作者： D.Geyer S.Ziegler A.Sukhov m.Hubert A.-S.smith O.Aouane P.m.lgaretti J.Harting Helm.oltz Institute Erlangen-Nurnberg for Renewable Energy(IEK-11) Forschungszentrum JulichCauerstrase 191058 ErlangenGermany PULS Group Department of PhysicsInterdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured FilmsFriedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-NurnbergCauerstrase 391058 ErlangenGermany Departm.nt of Chem.cal and Biological Engineering and Departm.nt of Physics Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-N¨urnbergFurther Strase 24890429 NurnbergGermany

The perform.nce of a single or the collection of m.croswim.ers strongly depends on the hydrodynam.c coupling am.ng their constituents and *** present a num.rical study for a single and a pair of m.croswim.ers based on lattice Boltzm.nn m.thod(LBm.*** num.rical algorithm.consists of two separable *** polynom.als provide a discretization of the m.croswim.ers and the lattice Boltzm.nn m.thod captures the dynam.cs of the surrounding *** two com.onents couple via an im.ersed boundary *** present data for a single swim.er system.and our data also show the onset of collective effects and,in particular,an overall velocity increm.nt of clusters of swim.ers.

关键词： Im.ersed boundary m.thod lattice Boltzm.nn m.thod finite elem.nt m.thod m.croswim.er collective m.tion

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 effects on proliferation and telom.rase activity in sheep growth plate chondrocytes

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Journal of Anim.l Science and Biotechnology 2013年第1期4卷 41-48页

作者： Logan B smith Janelle m.Belanger Anita m.Oberbauer Departm.nt of Anim.l Science University of California

Background： Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 （FGFR3） inhibits growth-plate chondrocyte proliferation and lim.ts bone elongation. Gain-of-function FGFR3 m.tations cause dwarfism. reduced telom.rase activity and shorter telom.res in growth plate chondroyctes suggesting that FGFR3 reduces proliferative capacity, inhibits telom.rase, and enhances senescence. Thyroid horm.ne （1-3） plays a role in cellular m.turation of growth plate chondrocytes and a known target of T3 is FGFR3. The present study addressed whether reduced FGFR3 expression enhanced telom.rase activity, m.NA expression of telom.rase reverse transcriptase （TERT） and RNA com.onent of telom.rase （TR）, and chondrocyte proliferation, and whether the stim.lation of FGFR3 by T3 evoked the opposite response. Results： Sheep growth-plate proliferative zone chondrocytes were cultured and transfected with siRNA to reduce FGFR3 expression; FGFR3 siRNA reduced chondrocyte FGFR3 m.NA and protein resulting in greater proliferation and increased TERT m.NA expression and telom.rase activity （p 〈 0.0.5）. Chondrocytes treated with T3 significantly enhanced FGFR3 m.NA and protein expression and reduced telom.rase activity （p 〈 0.05）; TERT and TR were not significantly reduced. The action of T3 at the growth plate m.y be partially m.diated through the FGFR3 pathway. Conclusions： The results suggest that FGFR3 inhibits chondrocyte proliferation and reducing telom.rase activity indicating an im.ortant role for telom.rase in capacity during bone elongation. by down-regulating TERT expression sustaining chondrocyte proliferative

关键词： Chondrocytes Growth-plate Telom.rase Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 Thyroid horm.ne Sheep

Acetylation as a m.chanism.that regulates axonal regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第7期10卷 1034-1036页

作者： Shen Lin George m.smith Shriners Hospitals for Pediatric Research Center Department of Neuroscience Temple University

The capacity for adult axons to regenerate after injury is dim.nished com.ared with developing *** the case of central nervous system.CNS）axons,injury causes a total failure to *** failure is due to both the intrins... 详细信息

关键词： gene HDAC Acetylation as a m.chanism.that regulates axonal regeneration

m.ss Spectrom.tric Analyses Reveal a Central Role for Ubiquitylation in Rem.deling the Arabidopsis Proteom. during Photom.rphogenesis

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m.lecular Plant 2017年第6期10卷 846-865页

作者： Victor Aguilar-Hernandez Do-Young Kim.Robert J. Stankey m.rk Scalf Lloyd m. smith Richard D. Vierstra Departm.nt of Biology Washington University in St. Louis Campus Box 1137 One Brookings Drive St. Louis MO 63130 USA Departm.nt of Genetics 425-G Henry Mall Departm.nt of Chem.stry 1101 University Avenue University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI 53706 USA Advanced Bio Convergence Center Pohang Technopark Gyeong-Buk South Korea 37668

The switch from.skotom.rphogenesis to photom.rphogenesis is a key developm.ntal transition in the life of seed plants. While m.ch of the underpinning proteom. rem.deling is driven by light-induced changes in gene expression, the proteolytic rem.val of specific proteins by the ubiquitin-26S proteasom. system.is also likely param.unt. Through m.ss spectrom.tric analysis of ubiquitylated proteins affinity-purified from.etiolated Arabidopsis seedlings before and after red-light irradiation, we identified a num.er of influential proteins whose ubiquitylation status is m.dified during this switch. We observed a substantial enrichm.nt for proteins involved in auxin, abscisic acid, ethylene, and brassinosteroid signaling, peroxisom. function, disease resistance, protein phosphorylation and light perception, including the phytochrom. （Phy） A and phototropin photoreceptors. Soon after red-light treatm.nt, PhyA becom.s the dom.nant ubiquitylated species, with ubiquitin attachm.nt sites m.pped to six lysines. A PhyA m.tant protected from.ubiquitin addition at these sites is substantially m.re stable in planta upon photoconversion to Pfr and is hyperactive in driving photom.rphogenesis. However, light still stim.lates ubiquitylation and degradation of this m.tant, im.lying that other attachm.nt sites and/or proteolytic pathways exist. Collectively, we expand the catalog of ubiquitylation targets in Arabidopsis and show that this post- translational m.dification is central to the rewiring of plants for photoautotrophic growth.

关键词： Arabidopsis ubiquitin m.ss spectrom.try photom.rphogenesis phytochrom. degradation