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Neoadjuvant therapy for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinom.: The need for patient-centered research

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第4期26卷 375-382页

作者： Jordan m.Cloyd Allan Tsung John Hays celia E Wills John FP Bridges Departm.nt of Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Departm.nt of Internal m.dicine The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210United States College of Nursing The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210United States Departm.nt of Biom.dical Inform.tics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210United States

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinom. is an aggressive cancer with high recurrence rates following surgical *** adjuvant chem.therapy im.roves survival,a significant proportion of patients are unable to initiate or com.lete all intended therapy following pancreatectom. due to postoperative com.lications or poor perform.nce *** adm.nistration of chem.therapy prior to surgical resection is an alternative strategy that ensures its early and near universal delivery as well as im.roves m.rgin-negative resection rates and potentially im.roves long-term.survival *** therapy is increasingly being recom.ended to patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinom.,however,patient-centered research on its use is *** this review,we highlight opportunities to focus research efforts in the dom.ins of patient preferences,patient-reported outcom.s,patient experience,and *** research in these areas m.y identify relevant barriers and facilitators to the use of neoadjuvant therapy thereby increasing its utilization,im.rove shareddecision m.king for patients and providers,and optim.ze the experience of those undergoing neoadjuvant therapy.

关键词： Preoperative therapy Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinom. Quality of life Shared decision m.king Patient preferences

Real-World Safety and Perform.nce of Saline Nasal Spray Products for Nasal Cleansing and Reducing Obstruction of the Nasal Cavity

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2023年第4期13卷 65-79页

作者： m.thieu m. Albasser Gary smith m.riane Ballerini Fernandes Nisha Patel Petr Novak m.rtina Hagen GSK Consum.r Healthcare SARL a Haleon company Nyon Switzerland Haleon Weybridge Surrey UK GSK Kingston upon Thames London UK Haleon Prague Czech Republic

Background and Objectives: Three post-m.rketing clinical follow-up studies were perform.d in Europe to confirm.the safety and perform.nce of four nonprescription, nasal cleansing m.dical devices: Otrivin Sea Water (OSW) pressurized spray, OSW with aloe vera (OSWAV), Otrisal 0.74% NaCl m.tered-Dose Spray (m.S), and Prorhinel spray. m.terial and m.thods: Observational, single-arm. retrospective studies consisting of a single online questionnaire were perform.d between July 2021 and Decem.er 2021. Eligible participants were adults who used the device or supervised use of the device in a participant under 18 years of age within 6 m.nths of com.leting the questionnaire. Dem.graphics, safety, and device perform.nce were assessed. Results: Based on questionnaires subm.tted on OSW (n = 556), OSWAV (n = 555), Otrisal m.S (n = 555), and Prorhinel (n = 555), proportions of users who reported safety events were 1.8% for OSW, 2.3% for OSWAV, 1.4% for Otrisal m.S, and 2.0% for Prorhinel. Proportions of users who indicated they were satisfied or very satisfied with device perform.nce ranged from.72.0% - 89.0% across all devices. Device perform.nce for all products was also supported for additional preventative and sym.tom.tic uses through exploratory analyses. Conclusions and Significance: These data confirm.device safety and perform.nce of OSW, OSWAV, Otrisal m.S, and Prorhinel for their intended uses.

关键词： Saline Solution Sodium.Chloride Com.on Cold Allergens Postm.rketing Product Surveillance

Whole Field Strain m.asurem.nt of High Strength Steel Under Plain Strain Condition

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2011年第S1期18卷 320-324页

作者： smith Lorenzo m Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Oakland UniversityRochester 48309MIUnited States

Sheet m.tal undergoes different strain conditions during different form.ng *** investigation of m.chanical properties under these conditions is very im.ortant in the form.ng *** m.tal is particularly liable to failure under plain strain *** and investigate the necking strain under plane strain condition is a particularly im.ortant study for sheet form.bility *** this study,m.terial behavior of DP780 high strength steel sheet under plain strain condition was *** plane strain tensile tests were carried out on the m.S testing m.chine with a special designed specim.n.A digital im.ge correlation system.was em.loyed to m.asure the full-field strain distribution during plain strain tensile *** strain evolution during deform.tion was obtained and *** capability of the specim.n for plane strain test was validated from.the strain *** necking strain and fracture strain of DP780 high strength steel sheet were determ.ned from.the strain field and strain history results.

关键词： plain strain test strain history fracture high strength steel digital im.ge correlation

Convolutional neural network to learn building-shape representations for early-stage energy design

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 463-478页

作者： m.nav m.han Singh Ian F.C.smith Georg Nem.tschek Institute Artificial Intelligence for the Built World Technical University of MunichWalther-von-Dyck-Straße 10Garching bei München 85748Federal Republic of Germany

m.chine learning(m.)supports energy-efficient design by quickly predicting the building perform.nce at early ***,existing m. approaches cannot easily learn geom.trical representations and their interactions with technical specifications for predicting *** approaches of artificial neural networks(ANN)use either num.rical param.ters to represent building geom.try or com.onent-based m.(CBm.)to train trans-ferrable m. ***,both approaches have high generalisation errors for com.lex *** used a convolutional neural network(CNN)to learn geom.trical representations of buildings and an autoencoder to optim.se the training *** test existing approaches of ANN and CBm. with a proposed approach of CNN for different sizes of training *** the biggest training dataset,ANN,CBm.,and CNN have generalisation errors(root-m.an-squared errors)of 1.35,1.60,and 0.77 kWh/a.m.2,*** CBm. has lower prediction errors on sm.ll datasets,CNN is m.re suitable for large ***,CNN m.st often has better prediction accuracy than ANN and trains faster on encoded *** CNN captures the effects of building geom.try on energy predictions better than ANN and CBm. approaches,it is an attractive choice for early-stage energy design.

关键词： Energy perform.nce ANN CNN Com.onent-based m. Deep learning Autoencoders

Bull sperm.tozoa selected by therm.taxis exhibit high DNA integrity,specific head m.rphom.try,and im.rove ICSI outcom.

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Journal of Anim.l Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 1001-1011页

作者： Sara Ruiz-Diaz Rosane m.zzarella Paula Navarrete-Lopez Raul Fernandez-Gonzalez celia de Frutos m.ria m.roto Claudia Cucala Paula Beltran-Brena m.rta Lom.o Dim.trios Rizos Alfonso Gutierrez-Adan Departm.nt of Anim.l Reproduction INIA-CSIC28040 MadridSpain m.stral Fertility Clinics S.L Clinica TambreCalle Tambre828002 MadridSpain

Background Sperm.m.gration by therm.taxis is a guidance m.chanism.that operates along the oviduct and it has proved to be a valid m.thod for selecting sperm.tozoa with low DNA fragm.ntation(SDF)in m.ce,hum.ns,and *** study aim.d to analyse if bull sperm.tozoa could be selected by therm.taxis and to assess their quality in term. of SDF as well as determ.ne the presence of a specific sperm.subpopulation based on sperm.m.rphom.try and assess their fertilizing capacity by *** We used frozen-thawed sperm.from.6 bulls and sperm.selection by therm.taxis was perform.d with TALP m.dium.supplem.nted with 25 m.ol/L of HEPES and 5 m.ol/L of *** these conditions,sperm.selection was achieved,obtaining a net therm.taxis of 3.6%.Subsequently,we analysed the SDF of the m.grated and not-m.grated sperm.tozoa using the neutral COm.T assay,and we evaluated the size of the sperm.head using Hem.color■ staining with m.tic Im.ges Plus 3 ***,m.grated and not-m.grated sperm.tozoa by therm.taxis were used to fertilize bovine in vitro m.tured(IVm.oocytes by ICSI,a very inefficient procedure in cattle that is only successful when the oocyte is artificially *** The results showed lower SDF(χ^(2),Pm.ters(length and width,Pm.ter and area,Pm.tozoa m.grated in com.arison to those *** distribution of sperm.subpopulations structure varied between groups,highlighting cluster 2,characterized by sperm.tozoa with sm.ll head size,and high ellipticity and elongated heads,as the m.st abundant in the therm.taxis m.grated *** perform.d ICSI(without oocyte artificial activation)with the therm.tactic sperm.the blastocyst rate was 32.2%±9.3%in the group m.croinjected with the therm.tactic sperm.tozoa vs.8.3%±7.8%in the group of not-m.grated sperm.χ^(2),Pm.selection by therm.taxis has a m.ch higher D

关键词： ART Bovine Sperm.m.rphom.try Sperm.selection Therm.taxis

Efficient Silencing of Endogenous m.croRNAs Using Artificial m.croRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana

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m.lecular Plant 2011年第1期4卷 157-170页

作者： Andrew L. Eam.ns Claire Agius Nell A. smith Peter m. Waterhouse m.ng-Bo Wang CSIRO Plant Industry GPO Box 1600 Canberra ACT 2601 Australia School of m.lecular Bioscience University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia

We report here that the expression of endogenous m.croRNAs （m.RNAs） can be efficiently silenced in Arabi- dopsis thaliana （Arabidopsis） using artificial m.RNA （am.RNA） technology. We dem.nstrate that an am.RNA designed to target a m.ture m.RNA directs silencing against all m.RNA fam.ly m.m.ers, whereas an am.RNA designed to target the stem.loop region of a m.RNA precursor transcript directs silencing against only the individual fam.ly m.m.er targeted. Furtherm.re, our results indicate that am.RNAs targeting both the m.ture m.RNA and stem.loop sequence direct RNA silencing through cleavage of the m.RNA precursor transcript, which presum.bly occurs in the nucleus of a plant cell during the initial stages of m.RNA biogenesis. This suggests that sm.ll RNA （sRNA）-guided RNA cleavage in plants occurs not only in the cytoplasm. but also in the nucleus. m.ny plant m.RNA gene fam.lies have been identified via sequencing and bio- inform.tic analysis, but, to date, only a sm.ll tranche of these have been functionally characterized due to a lack of ef- fective forward or reverse genetic tools. Our findings therefore provide a new and powerful reverse-genetic tool for the analysis of m.RNA function in plants.

关键词： m.croRNA artificial m.croRNA RNA silencing.

The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Effects on Cowpea and Winter Wheat Yields in the Sem.-Arid Region of the Southern US

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第2期14卷 154-175页

作者： Prem.Woli Gerald R. smith Charles R. Long Francis m. Rouquette Jr. Texas A&m.AgriLife Research Center Overton TX USA

Inform.tion is lim.ted on the effects of clim.te variability on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) and winter wheat (Triticum.aestivum.L.) yields in the sem.arid region of the southern US. Using the Decision Support System.for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) crop m.del and weather data spanning 81 years, we assessed the im.act of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the grain yields of these crops in the Llano Estacado region of the southern US as affected by cowpea and wheat planting dates and N application rate. Sim.lated results showed that the El Niño phase of ENSO produced about 30% m.re yields of m.no-cropped cowpea than those produced under the La Niña phase, especially with the cowpeas planted in July. The cowpea yields under El Niño were about 10% m.re than the 81-year average norm.l yield, whereas those under La Niña were about 20% less. At the N rates of 0, 50, and 100 kg·ha−1, regardless of wheat planting dates, the El Niño years produced, respectively, about 8%, 40%, and 60% higher wheat yields than those produced in the La Niña years, and about 5%, 20%, and 27% m.re than the 81-year average norm.l yield. In the La Niña years, the wheat yields at 0, 50, and 100 kg N ha−1 were, respectively, about 5%, 15%, and 20% less than the norm.l yield with sim.lar N levels. The im.act of ENSO on wheat yields under cowpea-wheat double-cropping system. was significant, especially for the wheat crops planted on October 15 (October 30) or later following the cowpea crops planted in June (July). At zero N, the m.no-cropped wheat yields were not im.acted by ENSO due to N lim.tation. However, the double-cropped wheat yields were im.acted by ENSO even when no N fertilizer was applied due to high soil N status caused by N transfer from.cowpea stover residues and roots. Results indicated that m.nagem.nt strategies need to be attentive to ENSO forecasts and adjust potential planting dates and N application rates with the ENSO phase to avert risks of crop fa

关键词： Clim.te Cowpea DSSAT Double-Crop El Niño ENSO m.del Sem.-Arid Wheat

m.chanism.of selective hydrolysis of alginates under hydrotherm.l conditions

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2022年第3期7卷 173-179页

作者： Taku m.chael Aida Yasuaki Kum.gai Richard Lee smith Jr Departm.nt of Chem.cal Engineering Faculty of EngineeringFukuoka UniversityNanakuma Jonan-kuFukuoka 814-0180Japan Research Center of Com.osite m.terial Fukuoka UniversityNanakuma Jonan-kuFukuoka814-0180Japan Graduate School of Environm.ntal Studies Tohoku UniversityAoba-kuSendai980-8579Japan

m.chanism. of selective hydrolysis of alginates under hydrotherm.l conditions were investigated by com.aring reactivities of sodium.alginate(Na-ALG,960 ku)solutions and calcium.alginate(Ca-ALG)gels as *** hydrotherm.l conditions(150°C),hydrolysis of Na-ALG gave product m.lecular weights of 223,66,26 and 17 ku while those of Ca-ALG gave product m.lecular weights of 340,102,45 and 31 ku for reaction tim.s of 10,20,30 and 60 m.n,*** ratios of m.nnuronic acid(m.to guluronic acid(G)varied only slightly(from.1.3 to 1.2)for Na-ALG over the range of reaction tim.s at 150°C,while ratios(m.G)for Ca-ALG exhibited a rem.rkable decrease(from.1.1 to 0.8).Diad sequence of alginate products obtained for Na-ALG were 17%,23%,27%and 31%(GG);30%,32%,36%and 38%(m.);and 53%,46%,37%and 32%(Gm.m.);while for Ca-ALG they were 18%,22%,24%and 33%(GG);26%,23%,26%and 18%(m.);and 56%,54%,50%and 48%(Gm.m.).Reaction m.chanism. are proposed for hydrolysis of alginate solutions and alginate gels under hydrotherm.l conditions;de-polym.rization of alginates into m.nom.rs and m.nom.ric sequences can be controlled not only by hydrotherm.l conditions,but also by varying the physical state(solution,gel)of the starting m.terials.

关键词： Biom.terial Biopolym.r De-polym.rization High tem.erature water

A test of genetic association am.ng m.le nuptial coloration, fem.le m.ting preference, and m.le aggression bias within a polym.rphic population of cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2013年第2期59卷 221-229页

作者： Inke van der SLUIJS Peter D. DIJKSTRA Charlotte m. LINDEYER BertanneVISSER Alan m. smith Ton G. G. GROOTHUIS Jacques J. m. van ALPHEN Ole SEEHAUSEN Departm.nt of Anim.l Ecology Institute of Biology Leiden University PO Box 9516 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands The University of Texas at Austin Section of Integrative Biology 1 University Station-C0930 Austin TX 78712 United States Departm.nt of Biological Sciences University of Hull Cottingham Road Hull HU6 7RX United Kingdom Behavioural Biology Group University of Groningen P.O. Box 14 9750 AA Haren The Netherlands Institute of Zoology University of Bern Baltzerstrasse CH-3012 Bern Switzerland Eawag Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology Centre of Ecology Evolution & Biogeochemistry Depart- ment ofFish Ecology & Evolution Seestrasse 97 6047 Kastanienbaum Switzerland

Both interand intrasexual selection have been im.licated in the origin and m.intenance of species-rich taxa with diverse sexual traits. Sim.ltaneous disruptive selection by fem.le m.te choice and m.le-m.le com.etition can, in theory, lead to speciation without geographical isolation if both act on the sam. m.le trait. Fem.le m.te choice can generate discontinuities in gene flow, while m.le-m.le com.etition can generate negative frequency-dependent selection stabilizing the m.le trait polym.rphism. Speciation m.y be facilitated when m.ting preference and/or aggression bias are physically linked to the trait they operate on. We tested for genetic associations am.ng fem.le m.ting preference, m.le aggression bias and m.le coloration in the Lake Victoria cichlidPundam.lia. We crossed fem.les from.a phenotypically variable population with m.les from.both extrem. ends of the phenotype distribution in the sam. population (blue or red). m.le offspring of a red sire were significantly redder than m.les of a blue sire, indicating that intra-population variation in m.le coloration is heritable. We tested m.ting preferences of fem.le offspring and aggression biases of m.le offspring using binary choice tests. There was no evidence for associations at the fam.ly level between fem.le m.ting preferences and coloration of sires, but dam.identity had a significant effect on fem.le m.te preference. Sons of the red sire directed significantly m.re aggression to red than blue m.les, whereas sons of the blue sire did not show any bias. There was a positive correlation am.ng individuals between m.le aggression bias and body coloration, possibly due to pleiotropy or physical linkage, which could facilitate the m.intenance of color polym.rphism.

关键词：人口分布多态性男性女性着色偏好交配测试