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Chemosystematics Studies on Six Varieties of Mangifera indicaL.

Agricultural Sciences 2017年第3期8卷 253-259页

作者： celestine uzoma aguoru Christopher Ogbodo Joseph Olalekan Olasan Department of Biological Sciences University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria

Taxonomic investigation was carried out on six (6) varieties of Mangifera indica (Julie, Broken, Peter, Kerosene, Opioro and Big fibre) using chemosystematics evidence. Extracts obtained from the leaf of each variety were phyto-chemically screened and quantified. Gravimetric and spectroscopic approaches were adopted in the quantification of active principles common to all the six varieties. Binary matrices computed from qualitative assessment were analysed to yield a dendrogram using the Average Linkage Method. Quantitative values were subjected to appropriate descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. All varieties possessed alkaloid except Big-fibre. Peter and Kerosene varieties lacked saponin, an active principle present in other varieties. Anthraquinone was present in all except in Julie and Opioro. Five out of the six varieties lacked phlobatannin. All varieties had tannin, steroid, flavonoid and reducing sugar. Tannin was lowest in Big-fibre (0.43%) but highest in Opioro (2.41%). Steroid ranged from 3.8% in Opioro to 9.0% in Julie with a standard deviation of 1.84. Julie variety recording the lowest composition in flavonoid (0.01%) and reducing sugar (0.04%) components was notable. Comparison of the mean values of phytochemicals has shown a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0005) with a large F-value (18.244). Using the LSD mean separation, steroid was the most remarkable phytochemical contributing to the significant differences. Dendrogram revealed very close relationship between Julie and Opioro varieties. The remaining four were divergent and distinct although Broken and Peter varieties arose from the same ancestral lineage with Julie and Opioro. However, Big-fibre and Kerosene varieties were clearly different from rest belonging to a different phylogenetic ancestor. With these remarkable differences, they ought to be given special taxonomic and systematic review for appropriate nomenclatural assignment. The six varieties of Mangifera indic

关键词： Chemosystematics Mangifera indica Varieties Phytochemicals Taxonomy Circumscription

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Aflatoxin Contamination of Garri Sold in Some Selected Markets in Benue State, North Central, Nigeria

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Advances in Microbiology 2021年第9期11卷 499-509页

作者： Innocent Ugochukwu Amai Innocent Okonkwo Ogbonna celestine uzoma aguoru Dooshima Charity Amai Department of Microbiology Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria Department of Botany Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Federal Medical Centre Makurdi Nigeria

The presence of aflatoxin-producing fungi in foods consumed by humans and animals has often resulted in the health hazards and even death. Aflatoxin contaminations of garri sold in some markets of Benue State, Nigeria, were studied, to ascertain the health implications on the consumers. Sixty garri samples comprising of 30 white garri and 30 yellow garri respectively were studied. The garri samples were ground to a particle size of 250 μm using a sterile blender. The total aflatoxin was extracted using 70% (v/v) methanol. The total aflatoxin concentration was detected and quantified using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay technique. The results showed that overall, 76.67% of the white garri samples and 80% of the yellow garri samples were aflatoxin positive. The total aflatoxin concentration in white garri ranged from 0.3 μg/kg to 2.4 μg/kg and 0.2 to 2.4 μg/kg in yellow garri respectively. The total mean aflatoxin across the States recorded was 2.96 μg/kg in white garri and 3.07 μg/kg in yellow garri. All the aflatoxin-positive garri samples of both the white and yellow garri were within the NAFDAC permissible aflatoxin level. Even though the aflatoxins are within the approved standard consumable limits, the continuous consumption of these doses over a long period of time could lead to the accumulation of these toxins in the body. These may eventually constitute a toxic health challenge.

关键词： Aflatoxin Garri Enzyme-Linked Immunesorbent Assay (ELISA) Benue State

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Occurrence, Molecular Characterization and Phylogenetic Relationship of Aspergillus Species Isolated from Garri Sold in Benue State, North Central, Nigeria

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2021年第4期11卷 100-115页

作者： Innocent Okonkwo Ogbonna Innocent Ugochukwu Amai celestine uzoma aguoru Dooshima Charity Amai Department of Microbiology Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi Benue State Nigeria Department of Botany Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi Benue State Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Federal Medical Centre Makurdi Benue State Nigeria

Characterization and identification of molds based on cultural and morphological characteristics are often not reliable and frail with limitations. The occurrence of Aspergillus species in garri on sale in markets in Benue State, Nigeria, was studied by molecular techniques. Aspergillus species were isolated and purified on Potato Dextrose Agar. DNA from the purified isolates was extracted using the ZR fungal DNA miniprep and amplified by PCR mix made up of 12.5 μL of Taq 2X Master Mix. Primer sequences for the fungi characterization were internal transcribed spacers ITS 4 and ITS 5. The phylogenetic tree was plotted between the isolated organisms and reference sequences and evolutionary analysis was conducted in MEGA X. Result revealed that one thousand, six hundred and forty-six Aspergilli were isolated comprising of 980 and 666 isolates from the white and yellow garri respectively. Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. aculeatinus, and A. aculeatus were identified. Twenty percent (20%) of the strains had aflatoxin D structural gene, 50% amplified AFLP and 70% of the strains expressed AFLQ genes needed for the biosynthesis of aflatoxin B1. Majority of the strains that showed the expression of these structural genes were consistent with Aspergillus flavus. Phylogenetic tree showed a close relationship among the isolates and their most identical sequence in the NCBI database.

关键词： Aflatoxin Aspergillus species Aspergillosis Garri Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Benue State

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Surface Water Quality Profiling Using Physicochemical Parameters in Open Defecation Free and Non-Open Defecation Free Local Government Areas in Benue State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2024年第3期14卷 174-191页

作者： Moses T. Asoo celestine U. aguoru Innocent O. Ogbonna Hyacinth O.A. Oluma Benue State Ministry of Health Makurdi Nigeria Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology College of Biological Sciences Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria Department of Microbiology College of Biological Sciences Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria

Physicochemical parameters of surface water sources in the study of local government areas (LGAs) were assessed using standard procedures. The mean physicochemical parameters for pH (5.49), NO2 (0.23 mg/L), SO4 (0.77 mg/L), Na (28.72 mg/L), Ca (28.94 mg/L), Mg (17.50 mg/L), Cl (11.65 mg/L), TSS (6.27 mg/L), TDS (104.23 mg/L), BOD (2.83 mg/L) and F (0.87 mg/L) were below WHO standards irrespective of their defecation status. The values for electrical conductivity (EC) (2770.50 µs/cm, turbidity (481.24 NTU), dissolved oxygen (DO) (5.32 mg/L), chemical oxygen demand (COD) (445.50 mg/L), K (125.06 mg/L), PO4 (0.78 mg/L) and Fe (0.57 mg/L) were above the WHO limits for safe water. Higher EC and COD values obtained in the study is evidence of pollution of the water sources by organic matter.

关键词： Open Defecation Surface Water Water Quality Standard Physicochemical Parameters

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Character Association Studies in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaeaL.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第7期9卷 1531-1543页

作者： Olalekan J. Olasan celestine U. aguoru Lucky O. Omoigui Ebenezer J. Ekefan Department of Biological Sciences Plant Science Unit University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria Department of Crop & Env. Protection University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria

The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of relationship and association amongst morphological characters of groundnut as an important food crop in Nigeria. 118 cultivars were planted in a completely randomized design structure. Characterization was based on qualitative and quantitative evaluations of 62 characters. Data were analysed on the SPSS software (20.0 versions). Correlation tools were applied using Spearman, Kendall and Pearson methods. Level of relationship was determined based on the strength of coefficients R. Dependence among traits was tested using the Chi square. Multiple regression analysis was carried out in a predictive model. As a result, many of the traits are very weakly correlated. Day to emergence has no effect on Day to 50% flowering (R = 0.237, p 0.6, p < 0.9) were observed amongst pod and seed parameters. Pod sizes significantly affect the number of seeds present (R = 0.551, p 2 of 30%. Qualitative traits have no effect on each other as all coefficients are very low. Pod constriction and sizes have no relationship (R = -0.029). Tolerance to diseases is not affected by any qualitative trait. Also, no trait determines seed colour. Pubescence of young and mature leaflets recorded the only high positive correlation among all qualitative traits (R = 0.837, p = 0.01). However, leaf and stem pubescence ha

关键词： Groundnut Qualitative Characters Quantitative Relationship Breeding Systematics

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Medical Morbidity Profile of Adults in a Rural Community in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria: A Cross Sectional Survey

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Health 2023年第7期15卷 711-727页

作者： Nkeiruka Chigekwu Mbadiwe Birinus Adikaibe Ezeala-Adikaibe celestine Chibuzor Okwara Monday Umeh Nwobodo Fintan C. Ekochin Casmir Orjioke Nkiruka P. Onodugo Titus Okpara Denise Paul Okoli uzoma C. Okechukwu Mark Ezeme Obumneme B. Anyim Grace O. Eneh Obinna Donatus Onodugo Innocent Okoye Uchenna N. Ijoma Department of Medicine Enugu State University Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Memfys Hospital for Neurosurgery Enugu Nigeria Anambra State University Teaching Hospital Awka Nigeria

Introduction: People in rural communities are exposed to the risk factors for non-communicable disease as those in urban areas. Correct interpretation and management of symptoms are important in primary care especially in rural communities where diagnostic facilities are not readily available. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in a village in Enugu South Local Government area of Enugu State. Thorough medical history was taken from all eligible participants who gave their consent. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: Data from a total of 1019 (64.7%) out of 1576 participants were analysed. Fever was by far the most common presenting complaint 580 (56.9%) of all participants and 67.9% of medical complaints seen in the clinic. This was followed remotely by musculoskeletal problems and neurological problems 15.6% and 3.8% of the participants respectively. Across all age groups, febrile illness was more than non-febrile illness except in those 65 years. Generalized body pains 74 (7.3%), back pains 55 (5.1), headache 33 (3.2%) and abdominal pains 24 (2.4%) were the commonest symptoms presented by the participants. About 15 (1.5%) of the population surveyed had had trauma/surgery in the past. This was twice the number who presented to the clinic with symptoms related to injury and trauma 7 (0.7%). Conclusions: Fever and musculoskeletal pains are the dominant medical complaints presented by adults in a rural community clinic. This may be related to the season of the year and the occupation of the population studied.

关键词： Symptoms Infectious Diseases Non-Communicable Diseases Rural Community Southeast Nigeria

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