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CD36： linking lipids to the NLRP3 inflammasome, atherogenesis and atherothrombosis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2014年第1期11卷 8-10页

作者： cecile Oury GIGA-Research Human Genetics Unit Laboratoryof Thrombosis and Hemostasis University of LiegeLiege Belgium

Arecent study published in Nature Immunology by Sheedy et al.1 indicates that uptake of modified low-den- sity lipoprotein （LDL） by the scavenger receptor CD36 primes and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, providing an early pathogenic pathway that links cho- lesterol accumulation to the chronic inflammatory process of atherosclero- sis.1 Atherosclerosis arises from chronic vascular inflammation elicited by lipids.

关键词： STERILE INFLAMMATION ACTIVATION DEUBIQUITINATION LIGANDS MICE

The code of light:do neurons generate light to communicate and repair?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第6期17卷 1251-1252页

作者： cecile Moro Ann Liebert Catherine Hamilton Nicolas Pasqual Glen Jeffery Jonathan Stone John Mitrofanis Universite Grenoble Alpes CEALETIClinatecGrenobleFrance Department of Anatomy University of SydneySydneyAustralia Vie Integrative GrenobleFrance Institute of Ophthalmology University College LondonLondonUK Department of Physiology University of SydneySydneyAustralia

A great challenge in neuroscience has been to understand how neurons communicate.The neuroanatomists of the 19th Century could see neurons stretching processes to contact other neurons,but could not see the detail of the contact.Many thought that neurons formed a syncytium,with continuity of membranes from one to the next.Over the ensuing two hundred years or so,we have come to understand that the circuity of the brain is not formed by a syncytium of neurons;rather,individual neurons communicate with each other with a range of biological signals.Neurons are highly active cells,with their activity being electrical and their communication being either chemical,electrical or gaseous.

关键词： communicate stretching electrical

The SlSHN2 transcription factor contributes to cuticle formation and epidermal patterning in tomato fruit

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Molecular Horticulture 2022年第1期2卷 186-205页

作者： cecile Bres Johann Petit Nicolas Reynoud Lysiane Brocard Didier Marion Marc Lahaye Benedicte Bakan Christophe Rothan UMR 1332 BFP INRAEUniversite de Bordeaux33140 Villenave d’OrnonFrance Unite Biopolymeres InteractionsAssemblagesINRAEBP7162744316 Nantes Cedex 3France Univ.Bordeaux CNRSINSERMBordeaux Imaging CenterBICUMS 3420US 433000 BordeauxFrance INRA UMR1332 Biologie du Fruit Et Pathologie71 Av Edouard Bourlaux33140 Villenave d’OrnonFrance

Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)is an established model for studying plant cuticle because of its thick cuticle covering and embedding the epidermal cells of the fruit.In this study,we screened an EMS mutant collection of the miniature tomato cultivar Micro-Tom for fruit cracking mutants and found a mutant displaying a glossy fruit phenotype.By using an established mapping-by-sequencing strategy,we identified the causal mutation in the SlSHN2 transcription factor that is specifically expressed in outer epidermis of growing fruit.The point mutation in the shn2 mutant intro-duces a K to N amino acid change in the highly conserved‘mm’domain of SHN proteins.The cuticle from shn2 fruit showed a~fivefold reduction in cutin while abundance and composition of waxes were barely affected.In addition to alterations in cuticle thickness and properties,epidermal patterning and polysaccharide composition of the cuticle were changed.RNAseq analysis further highlighted the altered expression of hundreds of genes in the fruit exocarp of shn2,including genes associated with cuticle and cell wall formation,hormone signaling and response,and transcrip-tional regulation.In conclusion,we showed that a point mutation in the transcriptional regulator SlSHN2 causes major changes in fruit cuticle formation and its coordination with epidermal patterning.

关键词： Mutant SHINE Cuticle Epidermis Cell wall Ethylene

VERNAUZATION1 Modulates Root System Architecture in Wheat and Barley

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Molecular Plant 2018年第1期11卷 226-229页

作者： Kai P. Voss-Fels Hannah Robinson Stephen R. Mudge cecile richard Saul Newman Benjamin Wittkop Andreas Stahl Wolfgang Friedt Matthias Frisch lulian Gabur Anika Miller-Cooper Bradley C. Campbell Alison Kelly Glen Fox Jack Christopher Mandy Christopher Karine Chenu Jerome Franckowiak Emma S. Mace Andrew K. Borrell Howard Eagles David R. Jordan Jose R. Botella Graeme Hammer lan D. Godwin Ben Trevaskis Rod J. Snowdon Lee T. Hickey Department of Plant Breeding IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems Land Use and Nutrition Justus Uebig University Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32 35392 Giessen Germany Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia School of Agriculture and Food Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia CSIRO Agriculture Canberra ACT 2601 Australia Department of Biometry and Population Genetics IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems Land Use and Nutrition Justus Liebig University Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32 35392 Giessen Germany Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Leslie Research FacilRy Toowoomba QLD 4350 Australia Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation The University of Queensland roowoomba QLD 4350 Australia Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics University of Minnesota St Paul MN USA Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Hermitage Research Facility Warwick QLD 4370 Australia Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation Hermitage Research Facility The University of Queensland Warwick QLD 4370 Australia These authors contributed equally to this article.

Dear Editor Roots play a key role in plant growth regulation. It is well described that the below-ground plant architecture has a significant impact on plant performance under abiotic constraints and maintains stabili... 详细信息

关键词： TRAITS RESPONDS

When parasitoids deal with the spatial distribution of their hosts: consequences for both partners

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Insect Science 2019年第5期26卷 923-931页

作者： Philippe Louapre cecile Le Lann Thierry Hance Earth and Life Institue Universite Catholique de LouvainLouvain-la-NeuveBelgium CNRS Biogeosciences UMR 6282Universite Bourgogne Franche-ComteDijonFrance UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio University of Rennes 1Rennes CedexFrance

Insect parasitoids developing inside hosts face a true challenge: hosts are scattered in the field and their localization and selection require the use of complex and sometime confusing information. It was assumed for a long time that small-brained organisms like parasitoids have evolved simple and efficient behavioral mechanisms, leading them to be adapted to a given ecological situation, for example, the spatial distribution o f hosts in the habitat. However, hosts are not static and their distribution may also vary through generations and within the life of parasitoid individuals. We investigated if and how parasitoids deal with such a spatial com plexity in a m esocosm experiment. We used the Aphidius rhopalosiphi/Sitobion avenae parasitoid/host system to investigate if parasitoid females experiencing different host aggregation levels exhibit different foraging behaviors independently of the number of hosts in the environment. We showed that A. rhopalosiphi females exploited hosts more intensively both within and among patches at higher host aggregation levels. We discussed the adaptiveness of such behaviors in the light of evolution and biological control.

关键词： Aphidius rhopalosiphi foraging behavior parasitoid sequential adjustment Sitobion avenae spatial distribution

Population genetic structure of the biological control agent Macrolophus pygmaeus in Mediterranean agroecosystems

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Insect Science 2017年第5期24卷 859-876页

作者： Jean-Claude Streito cecile Clouett Faten Hamdi Nathalie Gauthier IRD UMR (INRA/IRDICiradlMontpellier SupAgro) Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations INRA UMR (INRA/IRDI CiradlMontpellier SupAgro) Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations 755 avenue du Campus Agropolis CS 30016 34988Montferrier-sur-Lez France

Biological control of agricultural pests relies on knowledge of agroecosystem functionality, particularly when affected by the use of mass-produced biological agents. Incorporating pre- and/or post-release information such as genetic diversity and struc- ture on these agents using molecular-based approaches could advance our knowledge of how they perform in agroecosystems. We evaluated the population genetics of Macrolo- phus pygmaeus, the most widely used predatory mirid against many arthropod pests of greenhouse crops in the Mediterranean region, using the mitochondrial Cytb sequence and microsatellite data, and population genetics and phylogeny approaches. We investigated commercially mass-produced insects （i.e., commercial insects either mass-reared in the laboratory for many generations, or purchased by farmers and released in the greenhouses） and ＂wild＂ insects （i.e., that occur naturally outside or are collected in nature for release in the greenhouses）. The mirids were mainly collected in agroecosystems in which solana- ceous plants are grown in northern Spain, southern France and Greece. Both molecular markers and approaches distinguished 2 genetically differentiated populations. The less genetically diverse population, hereafter named the ＂commercial＂ strain included all indi- viduals from laboratory mass-rearings and most releases of commercially bred individuals. The most genetically diverse population mainly comprised individuals originating from noncultivated environments, or from releases of＂wild＂ individuals. Rare examples of hy- bridization between M. pygmaeus from the 2 populations were observed and asymmetric gene flow was revealed. These findings provide new insights into what happens to M. pyg- maeus released in the agroecosystems we studied, and show that it is possible to monitor some commercial strains.

关键词： biological control commercial vs. wild strains Macrolophus pygmaeus microsatellites mtCytb population genetics

Is it growing exponentially fast? -Impact of assuming exponential growth for characterizing and forecasting epidemics with initial near-exponential growth dynamics

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2016年第1期1卷 71-78页

作者： Gerardo Chowell cecile Viboud School of Public Health Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies Fogarty International CenterNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

The increasing use of mathematical models for epidemic forecasting has highlighted the importance of designing models that capture the baseline transmission characteristics in order to generate reliable epidemic forecasts.Improved models for epidemic forecasting could be achieved by identifying signature features of epidemic growth,which could inform the design of models of disease spread and reveal important characteristics of the transmission process.In particular,it is often taken for granted that the early growth phase of different growth processes in nature follow early exponential growth dynamics.In the context of infectious disease spread,this assumption is often convenient to describe a transmission process with mass action kinetics using differential equations and generate analytic expressions and estimates of the reproduction number.In this article,we carry out a simulation study to illustrate the impact of incorrectly assuming an exponential-growth model to characterize the early phase(e.g.,3e5 disease generation intervals)of an infectious disease outbreak that follows near-exponential growth dynamics.Specifically,we assess the impact on:1)goodness of fit,2)bias on the growth parameter,and 3)the impact on short-term epidemic forecasts.Our findings indicate that devising transmission models and statistical approaches that more flexibly capture the profile of epidemic growth could lead to enhanced model fit,improved estimates of key transmission parameters,and more realistic epidemic forecasts.

关键词： dynamics. process. exponential

Induction of antiproliferative effect by diosgenin through activation of p53, release of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and modulation of caspase-3 activity in different human cancer cells

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Cell Research 2004年第3期14卷 188-196页

作者： cecile CORBIERE Bertrand LIAGRE Faraj TERRO Jean-Louis BENEYTOUT Faculté de Pharmacie rue du Docteur Marcland France Laboratoire de Biochimie UPRES EA 1085 87025 Limoges Cedex Service d’Histologie et Biologic Cellulaire Faculte de Medecine

Previously, we demonstrated that a plant steroid, diosgenin, altered cell cycle distribution and induced apoptosis in the human osteosarcoma 1547 cell line. The objective of this study was to investigate if the antiproliferative effect of diosgenin was similar for different human cancer cell lines such as laryngocarcinoma HEp-2 and melanoma M4Beu cells. Moreover, this work essentially focused on the mitochondrial pathway. We found that diosgenin had an important and similar antiproliferative effect on different types of cancer cells. In addition, our new results show that diosgenin-induced apoptosis is caspase-3 dependent with a fall of mitochondrial membrane potential, nuclear localization of AIF and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Diosgenin treatment also induces p53 activation and cell cycle arrest in the different cell lines studied.

关键词： diosgenin apoptosis p53 AIF caspase cancer cells.

L-2 and IL-15 dependent thymic development of Foxp3-expressing regulatory T lymphocytes

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Protein & Cell 2018年第4期9卷 322-332页

作者： cecile Apert Paola Romagnoli Joost P, M. van Meerwijk CPTP Universite de Toulouse CNRS Inserm UPS Toulouse France

Immunosuppressive regulatory T lymphocytes （Treg） expressing the transcription factor Foxp3 play a vital role in the maintenance of tolerance of the immune-system to self and innocuous non-self. Most Treg that are critical for the maintenance of tolerance to self, develop as an independent T-cell lineage from common T cell precursors in the thymus. In this organ, their differentiation requires signals from the T cell receptor for antigen, from co-stimulatory molecules, as well as from cytokine-receptors. Here we focus on the cytokines implicated in thymic development of Treg, with a particular emphasis on the roles of interleukin-2 （IL-2） and IL-15. The more recently appreciated involvement of TGF-β in thymic Treg development is also briefly discussed. Finally, we discuss how cytokine-dependence of Treg development allows for temporal, quantitative, and potentially qualitative modulation of this process.

关键词： regulatory T cells thymus differentiation,IL-2 IL-15