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A human-specific insertion promotes cell proliferation and migration by enhancing TBC1D8B expression

Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 765-777页

作者： Hui Zhao Lin-Lin Liu Jian Sun Lian Jin Hai-Bing Xie Jian-Bo Li Hui Xu Dong-Dong Wu Xiao-Lin Zhuang Min-Sheng Peng Ya-Jun Guo Wei-Zhu Qian Newton OOtecko Wei-Jie Sun Liang-Hu Qu Jie He Zhao-Li chen Rong Liu ce-shi chen Ya-Ping Zhang State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource School of Life SciencesSchool of Ecology and Environmental ScienceYunnan UniversityKunming 650091China School of Forensic Medicine Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650500China Academy of Biomedical Engineering Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650500China The Third Affiliated Hospital Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650118China Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic AnimalsKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China The Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory for BiocontrolSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China National Engineering Research center for Antibody Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of cell Engineering and Antibody Shanghai 201203China Department of Thoracic Surgery Cancer Institute and HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China

Human-specific insertions play important roles in human phenotypes and *** we reported a 446-bp insertion(Insert-446)in intron 11 of the TBC1D8B gene,located on chromosome X,and traced its origin to a portion of intron 6 of the EBF1 gene on chromosome ***,Insert-446 was present in the human Neanderthal and Denisovans genomes,and was fixed in humans after human-chimpanzee *** have demonstrated that Insert-446 acts as an enhancer through binding transcript factors that promotes a higher expression of human TBC1D8B gene as compared with orthologs in *** addition,over-expression TBC1D8B promoted cell proliferation and migration through“a dual finger”catalytic mechanism(Arg538 and Gln573)in the TBC domain in vitro and knockdown of TBC1D8B attenuated tumorigenesis in *** of Insert-446 prevented cell proliferation and migration in cancer and normal *** results reveal that the human-specific Insert-446 promotes cell proliferation and migration by upregulating the expression of TBC1D8B *** findings provide a significant insight into the effects of human-specific insertions on evolution.

关键词： human-specific insertion enhancer gene expression cell proliferation and migration

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Breast cancer animal models and applications

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Zoological Research 2020年第5期41卷 477-494页

作者： Li Zeng Wei Li ce-shi chen Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Kunming College of Life Science University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. Basic and translational breast cancer research relies heavily on experimental animal models. Ideally, such models for breast cancer should have commonality with human breast cancer in terms of tumor etiology, biological behavior,pathology, and response to therapeutics. This review introduces current progress in different breast cancer experimental animal models and analyzes their characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and potential applications. Finally, we propose future research directions for breast cancer animal models.

关键词： Breast cancer Animal models Metastasis Drug development

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Tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri)as a novel laboratory disease animal model

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Zoological Research 2017年第3期38卷 127-137页

作者： Ji Xiao Rong Liu ce-shi chen Medical Faculty of Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming Yunnan 650500 China Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 China

The tree shrew （Tupaia belangeri） is a promising laboratory animal that possesses a closer genetic relationship to primates than to rodents. In addition, advantages such as small size, easy breeding, and rapid reproduction make the tree shrew an ideal subject for the study of human disease. Numerous tree shrew disease models have been generated in biological and medical studies in recent years. Here we summarize current tree shrew disease models, including models of infectious diseases, cancers, depressive disorders, drug addiction, myopia, metabolic diseases, and immune-related diseases. With the success of tree shrew transgenic technology, this species will be increasingly used in biological and medical studies in the future.

关键词： Tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) Animal model Transgenic Disease

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The big bang of genome editing technology: development and application of the CRISPR/Cas9 system in disease animal models

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Zoological Research 2016年第4期37卷 191-204页

作者： Ming SHAO Tian-Rui XU ce-shi chen Faculty of Life Science and Technology Kunming University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Targeted genome editing technology has been widely used in biomedical studies. The CRISPR- associated RNA-guided endonuclease Cas9 has become a versatile genome editing tool. The CRISPR/Cas9 system is useful for studying gene function through efficient knock-out, knock-in or chromatin modification of the targeted gene loci in various cell types and organisms. It can be applied in a number of fields, such as genetic breeding, disease treatment and gene functional investigation In this review, we introduce the most recent developments and applications, the challenges, and future directions of Cas9 in generating disease animal model. Derived from the CRISPR adaptive immune system of bacteria, the development trend of Cas9 will inevitably fuel the vital applications from basic research to biotechnology and bio- medicine.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 Animal models Genetherapy

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Mott insulator-density ordered superfluid transition and‘shamrock transition’in a frustrated triangle lattice

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 157-164页

作者： ce Wang Yu chen School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China Institute for Advanced Study Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics Beijing100193China

Density order is usually a consequence of the competition between long-range and short-range *** we report a density ordered superfluid emergent from a homogeneous Mott insulator due to the competition between frustrations and local *** transition is found in a Bose–Hubbard model on a frustrated triangle lattice with an extra pairing ***,we find a quantum phase transition between two different density ordered superfluids,which is beyond the Landau–Ginzburg(LG)paradigm.A U(1)symmetry is emergent at the critical point,while the symmetry in each density ordered superfluid is Z_(2)×Z_(3).We call the transition a‘shamrock transition’,due to its degenerate ground state in the parameter space being a shamrock-like curve rather than a circle in an LG-type *** low energy theories are established for the two transitions mentioned above and we find their resemblance and differences with clock models.

关键词： frustrated magnets superfluid mott insulator density wave ordered phase clock model

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Generation of a tree shrew breast cancer model using lentivirus expressing PIK3CA-H1047R

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Zoological Research 2023年第1期44卷 94-97页

作者： Li Zeng Hong-Yan Zhang Chuan-Yu Yang Zhuo cheng Qiu-Yun Jiang Yao Luo Yi Li Fu-Bing Li ce-shi chen Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223China Faculty of Life Science and Technology Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunmingYunnan 650500China Lester and Sue Smith Breast center Baylor College of MedicineHouston TX 77030USA Academy of Biomedical Engineering Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingYunnan 650500China Third Affiliated Hospital Kunming Medical UniversityKunmingYunnan 650118China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650204China

DEAR EDITOR,Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women,posing a serious threat to health. Tree shrews(Tupaia belangeri chinensis) are evolutionarily closer to humans than rodents and are emerging as an attractive experimental animal model for breast cancer. The PIK3CA gene is frequently mutated in both human and tree shrew breast tumors. Herein, we effectively overexpressed PIK3CA-H1047R in the mammary epithelial cells of tree shrews using a lentivirus to induce breast tumors.

关键词： PIK3CA breast cancer

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Adaptive Space Expansion for Fast Motion Planning

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第6期11卷 1499-1514页

作者： Shenglei shi Jiankui chen State Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The sampling process is very inefficient for sam-pling-based motion planning algorithms that excess random sam-ples are generated in the planning *** this paper,we pro-pose an adaptive space expansion(ASE)approach which belongs to the informed sampling category to improve the sampling effi-ciency for quickly finding a feasible *** ASE method enlarges the search space gradually and restrains the sampling process in a sequence of small hyper-ellipsoid ring subsets to avoid exploring the unnecessary ***,for a con-structed small hyper-ellipsoid ring subset,if the algorithm cannot find a feasible path in it,then the subset is ***,the ASE method successively does space exploring and space expan-sion until the final path has been ***,we present a particular construction method of the hyper-ellipsoid ring that uniform random samples can be directly generated in *** last,we present a feasible motion planner BiASE and an asymptoti-cally optimal motion planner BiASE*using the bidirectional exploring method and the ASE *** demon-strate that the computation speed is much faster than that of the state-of-the-art *** source codes are available at https://***/shshlei/ompl.

关键词： Adaptive space expansion(ASE) hyper-ellipsoid ring informed sampling motion planning.

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Utility of real-time 3D visualization system in the early stage of phacoemulsification training

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 577-582页

作者： Zhe Xu Dan chen Jing-Wei Xu Yi-Xuan Feng ce shi Li Zhang Wen Xu Eye center the Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310009Zhejiang ProvinceChina Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Hangzhou 310009Zhejiang ProvinceChina Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research center for Eye Diseases Hangzhou 310009Zhejiang ProvinceChina Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases Hangzhou 310009Zhejiang ProvinceChina

●AIM:To determine the teaching effects of a real-time three dimensional(3D)visualization system in the operating room for early-stage phacoemulsification training.●METHODS:A total of 10 ophthalmology residents of the first-year postgraduate were *** the residents were novices to cataract ***-time cataract surgical observations were performed using a custom-built 3D visualization *** training lasted 4wk(32h)in all.A modified International Council of Ophthalmology’s Ophthalmology Surgical Competency Assessment Rubric(ICO-OSCAR)containing 4 specific steps of cataract surgery was *** self-assessment(self)and expert-assessment(expert)were performed through the microsurgical attempts in the wet lab for each participant.●RESULTS:Compared with pre-training assessments(self 3.2±0.8,expert 2.5±0.6),the overall mean scores of posttraining(self 5.2±0.4,expert 4.7±0.6)were significantly improved after real-time observation training of 3D visualization system(Pce ophthalmic residents with a better understanding of intraocular microsurgical *** is a useful tool to improve teaching efficiency of surgical education.

关键词： 3D visualization system phacoemulsification training wet lab

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Computing Persistent Homology by Spanning Trees and Critical Simplices

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 519-527页

作者： Dinghua shi Zhifeng chen Chuang Ma Guanrong chen Department of Mathematics Cllege of ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina School of Big Data Fuzhou University of International Studies and TradeFuzhouChina Department of Data Science and Big Data Technology School of InternetAnhui UniversityHefeiChina Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Topological data analysis can extract effective information from higher-dimensional *** mathematical basis is persistent *** persistent homology can calculate topological features at different spatiotemporal scales of the dataset,that is,establishing the integrated taxonomic relation among points,lines,and ***,the simplicial network composed of all-order simplices in a simplicial complex is *** the sequence of nested simplicial subnetworks can be regarded as a discrete Morse function from the simplicial network to real values,a method based on the concept of critical simplices can be developed by searching all-order spanning *** this new method,not only the Morse function values with the theoretical minimum number of critical simplices can be obtained,but also the Betti numbers and composition of all-order cavities in the simplicial network can be calculated ***,this method is used to analyze some examples and compared with other methods,showing its effectiveness and feasibility.

关键词： Morse establishing topological

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Design and Gait Planning of a Worm-inspired Metameric Robot for Pipe Crawling

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第3期21卷 1265-1277页

作者： Yu Liu Qingbiao shi Zhen chen Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology Xiamen UniversityXiamen361102China

The earthworm has been attracted much attention in the research and development of biomimetic robots due to their unique locomotion mechanism,compact structure,and small motion *** paper presents a new design and prototype of a worm-inspired metameric robot with a movement pattern similar to that of *** robot consists of multiple telescopic modules connected in series through joint *** telescopic module mimics the contraction and elongation motion modes of the earthworm segments.A kinematic and dynamic analysis is conducted on the telescopic module,and an input torque calculation method is provided to ensure sufficient friction between the robot and the pipe *** gait modes of the prototype robot for straight and turning locomotion are introduced,and these modes are extended to robots constructed by different numbers of telescopic *** addition,a method is proposed to increase the friction between the robot and the pipe wall in the aforementioned gait modes without changing the robot structure,thereby improving the robot’s motion ability in *** theoretical model of gait modes has also been validated through gait *** findings of this paper would provide a useful basis for the design,modeling,and control of future worm inspired robots.

关键词： Bio-inspired robot Spatial linkage mechanism Kinematics model Peristaltic locomotion

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