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Enhancing the dissolution of phenylbutazone using Syloid based mesoporous silicas for oral equine applications

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第3期8卷 181-186页

作者： Laura J. Waters John P. Hanrahan Joseph M. Tobin catherine v. finch Gareth M.B. Parkes Shamsuddeen A. Ahmad Faraj Mohammad Maria Saleem School of Applied Sciences University of Huddersfield Queensgate Huddersfield HD1 3DH UK Glantreo Ltd ERI Building Lee Road Cork City T23 XE1O Ireland

Three mesoporous silica excipients （Syloid~ silicas AL-1 FR XDP 3050 and XDP 3150） were formulated with a model drug known for its poor aqueous solubility, namely phenylbutazone, in an attempt to enhance the extent and rate of drug dissolution. Although other forms of mesoporous silica have been investigated in previous studies, the effect of inclusion with these specific Syloid silica based excipients and more interestingly, with phenylbutazone, is unknown. This work reports a significant enhancement for both the extent and rate of drug release for all three forms of Syloid silica at a 1：1 drug：silica ratio over a period of 30 min. An explanation for this increase was determined to be conversion to the amorphous form and an enhanced drug loading ability within the pores. Differences between the release profiles of the three silicas were concluded to be a consequence of the physicochemical differences between the three forms. Overall, this study confirms that Syloid silica based excipients can be used to enhance dissolution, and potentially therefore bioavailability, for compounds with poor aqueous solubility such as phenylbutazone. In addition, it has been confirmed that drug release can be carefully tailored based on the choice of Syloid~ silica and desired release profile.

关键词： Dissolution Syloid silicas Drug-loading Phenylbutazone Solubility

Assessing the sensitivity of Melanoplus frigidus （Orthoptera： Acrididae） to different weather conditions＂ A modeling approach focussing on development times

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Insect Science 2008年第2期15卷 167-178页

作者： Oliver-D. finch Jorg Loffler Roland Pape Carl-von-Ossietzky University of Oldenburg Fk V Institute of Biology and Environmental-Sciences Terrestrial Ecology D-26111 Oldenburg University of Bonn Department of Geography Meckenheimer AIlee 166 D-53115 Bonn Germany

The temperature and soil moisture conditions as well as vegetation patterns were studied to describe the habitat and to model the life cycle of Melanoplusfrigidus, a true alpine grasshopper of the Scandes. In the low alpine belt of the Norwegian Scandes the species colonizes only the warmest microhabitats with maximum soil surface temperatures of 31℃. vegetation of these habitats consists of shrub-rich heath dominated by vaccinium myrtillus and Calluna vulgaris. Using continuously measured temperature data, the development times for four different seasons were modeled and related to field observations. The maximum delay of adult molt was estimated to amount to 3 weeks, the delay being determined by the variation in spring temperature conditions between different years. The possibilities of using M. frigidus as an indicator organism of climate change effects on alpine zoo-coenoses of the Scandes are discussed.

关键词： alpine insects climate change indicator life history thermal effective environment

Emergency department approach to monkeypox

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第5期14卷 341-348页

作者： catherine v.Levitt Quincy K.Tran Hashem Hraky Maryann Mazer-Amirshahi Ali Pourmand Department of Emergency Medicine George Washington University School of Medicine and Health SciencesWashington DC 20037USA Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore 21201USA Program in Trauma The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma CenterUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore 21201USA Department of Emergency Medicine MedStar Washington Hospital Center and Georgetown University School of MedicineWashington DC 20037USA

BACKGROUND:Monkeypox(mpox) is a viral infection that is primarily endemic to countries in Africa,but large outbreaks outside of Africa have been historically *** June 2022,mpox began to spread across Europe and North America,causing the World Health Organization(WHO) to declare mpox a public health emergency of international *** article aims to review clinical presentation,diagnosis,and prevention and treatment strategies on mpox,providing the basic knowledge for prevention and control for emergency ***:We conducted a review of the literature using PubMed and SCOPUS databases from their beginnings to the end of July *** inclusion criteria were studies on adult patients focusing on emerging infections that described an approach to a public health emergency of international concern,systematic reviews,clinical guidelines,and retrospective *** that were not published in English were ***:We included 50 studies in this *** initial symptoms of mpox are non-specific:fever,malaise,myalgias,and sore ***,a common presentation of mpox,usually occurs 2–4 weeks after the prodrome,but the presence of lymphadenopathy may distinguish mpox from other infections from the Poxviridae ***-threatening complications such as pneumonia,sepsis,encephalitis,myocarditis,and death can *** are documented co-occurrences of human immunodeficiency virus(HIv) and other sexually transmitted infections that can worsen ***:The initial presentation of mpox is *** preferred treatment included tecovirimat in patients with severe illness or at high risk of developing severe disease and vaccination with two doses of ***,careful history and physical examination can raise the clinicians’ suspicion and point toward a prompt *** are diff erent modalities to prevent and treat mpox infection.

关键词： Monkeypox Emergency medicine Human immunodefi ciency virus Infection

Genotypes and viral variants in chronic hepatitis B: A review of epidemiology and clinical relevance

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第3期7卷 289-303页

作者： catherine MN Croagh Paul v Desmond Sally J Bell Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent's Hospital

The Hepatitis B virus(HBv) has a worldwide distribu-tion and is endemic in many populations. It is constantly evolving and 10 genotypic strains have been identified with varying prevalences in different geographic regions. Numerous stable mutations in the core gene and in the su-rface gene of the HBv have also been identified in untreated HBv populations. The genotypes and viral variants have been associated with certain clinical featu-res of HBv related liver disease and Hepatocellu-lar carcinoma. For example Genotype C is associated withlater hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag) seroconversion, and more advanced liver disease. Genotype A is associated with a greater risk of progression to chronicity in adu-lt acqu-ired HBv infections. Genotype D is particu-larly associated with the precore mu-tation and HBe Ag negative chronic hepatitis B(CHB). The genotypes prevalent in parts of West Africa, Central and Sou-th America, E, F and H respectively, are less well stu-died. viral variants especially the Basal Core Promotor mutation is associated with increased risk of fibrosis and cancer of the liver. Althou-gh not cu-rrently part of rou-tine clinical care, evalu-ation of genotype and viral variants may provide u-sefu-l adju-nctive information in predicting risk abou-t liver related morbidity in patients with CHB.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Genotype Pre-core Basal core promotor Mutations

Large-scale forest inventories of the United States and China reveal positive effects of biodiversity on productivity

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第4期2卷 272-287页

作者： James v Watson Jingjing Liang Patrick C Tobin Xiangdong Lei James S Rentch catherine E Artis Davis College of Agriculture Natural Resources and DesignWest Virginia University Forest Service U.S.Department of AgricultureNorthern Research Station School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques Chinese Academy of Forestry

Background： With the loss of species worldwide due to anthropogenic factors, especially in forested ecosystems, it has become more urgent than ever to understand the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationship （BEFR）. BEFR research in forested ecosystems is very limited and thus studies that incorporate greater geographic coverage and structural complexity are needed. Methods： We compiled ground-measured data from approx, one half million forest inventory sample plots across the contiguous United States, Alaska, and northeastern China to map tree species richness, forest stocking, and productivity at a continental scale. Based on these data, we investigated the relationship between forest productivity and tree species diversity, using a multiple regression analysis and a non-parametric approach to account for spatial autocorrelation. Results： In general, forests in the eastern United States consisted of more tree species than any other regions in the country. The highest forest stocking values over the entire study area were concentrated in the western United States and Central Appalachia. Overall, 96.4 % of sample plots （477,281） showed a significant positive effect of species richness on site productivity, and only 3.6 % （17,349） had an insignificant or negative effect. Conclusions： The large number of ground-measured plots, as well as the magnitude of geographic scale, rendered overwhelming evidence in support of a positive BEFR. This empirical evidence provides insights to forest management and biological conservation across different types of forested ecosystems. Forest timber productivity may be impaired by the loss of species in forests, and biological conservation, due to its potential benefits on maintaining species richness and productivity, can have profound impacts on the functioning and services of forested ecosystems.

关键词： Tree species diversity Forest management Biological conservation Continental map of forest diversity Spatial autocorrelation Bootstrap

Structural correlation and chemistry of molten NaF-ScF_(3) with dissolved metal aluminium:TG/DTA,XRD,NMR and molecular dynamics simulations

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3356-3369页

作者： Aydar Rakhmatullin Frantisek Simko Didier Zanghi Zuzana Netriová Ilya BPolovov Ayrat Dimiev Konstantin v.Maksimtsev catherine Bessada Michal Korenko Conditions Extrêmes et Materiaux:Haute Température et Irradiation CEMHTIUPR 3079-CNRS Univ Orleans45071 OrleansFrance Department of Molten Systems Institute of Inorganic ChemistrySlovak Academy of Sciences84536 BratislavaSlovakia Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Application-CEMEA Slovak Academy of Sciences84511Bratislava.Slovakia Department of Rare Metals and Nanomaterials Institute of Physics and TechnologyUral Federal UniversityUral Federal University620002 EkaterinburgRussia Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry Kazan Federal University420008KazanRussia

For the first time,the mechanism of metal aluminum dissolution in NaF-ScF_(3) eutectic melts and the chemical interaction between the constituents of this mixture have been thoroughly studied by a combination of differential thermal analysis(DTA),high temperature and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),and X-ray diffraction(XRD) coupled with the molecular dynamic *** formation of an insoluble Al_(3)Sc alloy in molten(NaF-ScF_(3))_(eut)system was proven,and the chemical mechanism of this aluminothermic Al_(3)Sc alloy production was *** ex situ examinations bring to light the formation of NaScF_4 and solid solution of Na_(3)(Al,Sc)F_(6) in cooled *** molecular dynamics calculations of the bath allow us to construct the structural model and to predict viscosity,density and electrical conductivity of the reagent melt to help to optimize the conditions of the alloy synthesis.

关键词： Scandium Alloy Molten salts NMR Molecular dynamics

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围产期吸烟、饮酒及其他物质滥用情况

英国医学杂志中文版 2021年第7期24卷 411-414页

作者： Claire A Wilson Emily finch catherine Kerr Judy Shakespeare 梁景英(译) 陈兢思(审校) Section of Women′s Mental Health King′s College LondonLondon SE58AFUK South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust LondonUK 不详广州医科大学附属第三医院

你需要知道的内容询问孕妇及计划怀孕的女性有无物质滥用情况由初级保健的非专科医生提供的早期、简短的干预可能是有效的存在物质滥用的孕妇可能需要多方协同管理,包括助产士、专科用药以及酒精管理情景案例一名30岁的初产妇发现自己... 详细信息

你需要知道的内容询问孕妇及计划怀孕的女性有无物质滥用情况由初级保健的非专科医生提供的早期、简短的干预可能是有效的存在物质滥用的孕妇可能需要多方协同管理,包括助产士、专科用药以及酒精管理情景案例一名30岁的初产妇发现自己怀孕了,来到医院做检查,由你接诊。经过询问,你发现她每天吸烟20支,并得知她曾在朋友的婚礼上醉酒至不省人事,这件事发生的时间与她受孕的时间非常相近。此外,患者自述有吸食大麻的经历。下一步告知患者妊娠期间吸烟、饮酒和吸食大麻的风险,其中吸烟带来的妊娠风险最大。将患者转诊至妊娠期戒烟专科诊所。向患者确认目前酒精和大麻的摄入量。一般简单的干预即可,但如果患者经常或大量摄入酒精和大麻,则需要进行专业的戒酒治疗和药物治疗。

关键词：物质滥用初级保健患者自述专科医生初产妇吸烟围产期药物治疗

Role of retinoids in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2015年第10期7卷 184-203页

作者： catherine C Applegate Michelle A Lane School of Family and Consumer Sciences Nutrition and Foods Program Texas State University

vitamin A and its derivatives, retinoids, have been widely studied for their use as cancer chemotherapeutic agents. With respect to colorectal cancer(CRC), several critical mutations dysregulate pathways implicated in progression and metastasis, resulting in aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling, gain-of-function mutations in K-ras and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/Akt, cyclooxygenase-2 over-expression, reduction of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor γ activation, and loss of p53 function. Dysregulation leads to increased cellular proliferation and invasion and decreased cell-cell interaction and differentiation. Retinoids affect these pathways by various mechanisms, many involving retinoic acid receptors(RAR). RAR bind to all-trans-retinoic acid(ATRA) to induce the transcription of genes responsible for cellular differentiation. Although most research concerning the chemotherapeutic efficacy of retinoids focuses on the ability of ATRA to decrease cancer cell proliferation, increase differentiation, or promote apoptosis; as CRC progresses, RAR expression is often lost, rendering treatment of CRCs with ATRA ineffective. Our laboratory focuses on the ability of dietary vitamin A to decrease CRC cell proliferation and invasion via RAR-independent pathways. This review discusses our research and others concerning the ability of retinoids to ameliorate the defective signaling pathways listed above and decrease tumor cell proliferation and invasion through both RAR-dependent and RAR-independent mechanisms.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Retinoid vitamin A β-catenin Pho

Anatomy of the 2009 Fiordland earthquake(M_w 7.8),South Island,New Zealand

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Geoscience Frontiers 2011年第1期2卷 17-22页

作者： P.Mahesh Bhaskar Kundu J.K.catherine v.K.Gahalaut National Geophysical Research Institute Council of Scientific and Industrial ResearchHyderabad 500007India

We have analyzed the July 15, 2009, Fiordland earthquake （Mw 7.8）, which occurred in the southwestern part of the South Island of New Zealand. This thrust-related earthquake in the southern Fiordland subduction zone is the largest New Zealand earthquake in the past 80 years. We have constrained a rupture model for this earthquake using coseismic offsets derived from the continuous geodetic network （Global Positioning System） of the New Zealand Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences （GNS Science）. Our analysis concludes that this earthquake significantly increased the Coulomb stress on the overriding plate, particularly on the offshore portion of the Alpine fault.

关键词： Fiordland subduction zone Global PositioningSystem Coulomb stress Alpine fault