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Open Journal of Nursing 2021年第5期11卷 407-421页

作者： Patrick marangu m’rinkanya catherine mutunga-mwenda Jane Karonjo mount Kenya University Thika Kenya

Introduction: modern family planning methods (mFPm) prevent unwanted pregnancies, reduce fertility rate, and increase the interval between pregnancies. They prevent pregnancy by preventing fertilization or implantation of the fertilized ovum. mFPm include tubal ligation (TL), vasectomy, oral contraceptive pills, the intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD), depot injections, sub-dermal implants, and male and female condoms. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge of modern family planning methods (mFPm) among women of reproductive age (18 - 49 years) at the mathari North Health Center in Nairobi County, Kenya. methods: The study conducted among women of reproductive age at mathare North Health Center in Nairobi was a cross-sectional descriptive survey between march 2016 and November 2018. It provided both qualitative and quantitative data. The sample size comprised of 274 women of reproductive age,m> i.e.m> (18 - 49 years) attending antenatal and postnatal clinics at the facility. Those excluded were women below 18 years of age, as they could not give consent according to Kenyan Laws. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire, which consisted of socio-demographic and characteristics, knowledge of modern family planning methods and distance from the facility. Likert scale was used to ensure that data was tabulated on daily basis and subjected to statistical manipulation using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: The four leading mFPm in use in order of acceptability were injectables, implants, intrauterine contraceptive device and pills in that order. 91% of respondents were aware or had heard about modern family planning methods. Level of education of mother and father were the two variables that influenced the uptake of mFPm with m>pm>-values of 0.0260 and 0.025, respectively. The study further found that knowledge of mFP

关键词： Antenatal Care Postnatal Care Contraceptives Family Planning Fertility modern Family Planning methods i.e. Injectables Implants Pills Intrauterine Cervical Device

Frequency of typhoon occurrence accounts for the Poisson distribution of human leptospirosis cases across the different geographic regions in the Philippines

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2019年第1期12卷 38-42页

作者： Derick Erl P.Sumalapao Benjamin Kyle m.Del Rosario Lara Beatrice L.Su?ga catherine C.Walthern Nina G.Gloriani Department of medical microbiology College of Public Health University of the Philippines Manila Department of Biology College of Science De La Salle University Senior High School Department De La Salle University

Objective: To study the distribution of human leptospirosis cases across the different geographic regions in the Philippines in 2015-2017 and to determine the relationship between the frequency of typhoon occurrence and human leptospirosis cases. methods: Information on the frequency of leptospirosis cases and typhoon occurrence across the different regions in the Philippines from 2015 to 2017 was retrieved from the databases of the Department of Health and the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration, respectively. Descriptive measures on the prevalent cases and occurrence of typhoons across the different regions were summarized. Linear regression analysis was employed to establish the functional relationship between leptospirosis cases and typhoon occurrence. The distribution of human leptospirosis cases was assessed using the Poisson distribution. Results: The frequency of typhoon occurrence accounted for the significant linear variation in the geographic distribution of human leptospirosis cases in the Philippines(Pmoreover, the human leptospirosis cases obeyed a Poisson distribution(λ=6.89, Pmitting bacterial infections including leptospirosis. Information obtained regarding the determinants and distribution of human leptospirosis will provide better understanding of the disease propagation for subsequent design of optimal disease prevention measures, appropriate resource allocation, effective control strategies, and necessary public health programs.

关键词： Human leptospirosis Typhoon Poisson distribution Philippines

The ABA-Deficiency Suppressor Locus HAS2 Encodes the PPR Protein LOI1/mEF11 Involved in mitochondrial RNA Editing

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molecular Plant 2015年第4期8卷 644-656页

作者： Julien Sechet Camille Roux Anne Plessis Delphine Effroy Anne Frey Francois Perreau catherine Biniek Anja Krieger-Liszkay David macherel Helen m. North Hakim mireau Annie marion-Poll INRA Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR 1318 ERL CNRS 3559 Saclay Plant Sciences RD10 F-78026 Versailles France AgroParisTech Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin UMR 1318 ERL CNRS 3559 Saclay Plant Sciences RD10 F-78026 Versailles France CEA Saclay IBiTec-S CNRS UMR 8221 Serv Bioenerget Biol Struct & Mecanisme F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette France Universite d'Angers UMR IRHS 1345 INRA Agrocampus Ouest F-49045 Angers France Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRA Bat 2 F-78026 Versailles Cedex France Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin INRA Bat 7 F-78026 Versailles Cedex France Department of Biology New York University 1009 Main Building 100 Washington Square East New York NY 10003-6688 USA

The hotABA-deficiency suppressor2 （has2） mutation increases drought tolerance and the ABA sensitivity of stomata closure and seed germination. Here we report that the HAS2 locus encodes the mITOCHONDRIAL EDITING FACTOR11 （mEF11）, also known as LOVASTATIN INSENSITIVE1. has21mef11 mutants exhibited phenotypes very similar to the ABA-hypersensitive mutant, hail-1 pp2ca-1 hab 1-1 abil-2, which is impaired in four genes encoding type 2C protein phosphatases （PP2C） that act as upstream negative regulators of the ABA signaling cascade. Like pp2c, mef11 plants were more resistant to progressive water stress and seed germination was more sensitive to paclobutrazol （a gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitor） as well as mannitol and NaCI, compared with the wild-type plants. Phenotypic alterations in mef11 were associated with the lack of editing of transcripts for the mitochondrial cytochrome c maturation FN2 （cCmFN2） gene, which encodes a cytochrome c-heme lyase subunit involved in cytochrome c biogenesis. Although the abundance of electron transfer chain complexes was not affected, their dysfunction could be deduced from increased respiration and altered production of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide in reef11 seeds. As minor defects in mitochondrial respiration affect ABA signaling, this suggests an essential role for ABA in mitochondrial retrograde regulation.

关键词： abscisic acid mitochondria pentatricopeptide repeat protein RNA editing drought tolerance germination

RAmAN AND ATR-FTIR SPECTROSCOPY TOWARDS CLASSIFICATION OF WET BLUE BOVINE LEATHER USING RATIOmETRIC AND CHEmOmETRIC ANALYSIS

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Journal of Leather Science and Engineering 2020年第1期2卷 23-37页

作者： megha mehta Rafea Naffa catherine maidment Geoff Holmes mark Waterland NZ Leather and Shoe Research Association(LASRA®) Palmerston NorthNew Zealand School of Fundamental Sciences Massey UniversityPalmerston NorthNew Zealand

There is a substantial loss of value in bovine leather every year due to a leather quality defect known as“looseness”.Data show that 7%of domestic hide production is affected to some degree,with a loss of$35m in export *** investigation is devoted to gaining a better understanding of tight and loose wet blue leather based on vibrational spectroscopy observations of its structural variations caused by physical and chemical changes that also affect the tensile and tear *** regions from the wet blue leather were selected for *** of wet blue bovine leather were collected and studied in the sliced form using Raman spectroscopy(using 532 nm excitation laser)and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform InfraRed(ATR-FTIR)*** purpose of this study was to use ATR-FTIR and Raman spectra to classify distal axilla(DA)and official sampling position(OSP)leather samples and then employ univariate or multivariate analysis or *** univariate analysis,the 1448 cm^(-1)(CH_(2) deformation)band and the 1669 cm^(-1)(Amide I)band were used for evaluating the lipid-to-protein ratio from OSP and DA Raman and IR spectra as indicators of leather ***-fitting by the sums-of-Gaussians method was used to calculate the peak area ratios of 1448 and 1669 cm^(-1 )*** ratio values obtained for DA and OSP are 0.57±0.099,0.73±0.063 for Raman and 0.40±0.06 and 0.50±0.09 for *** results provide significant insight into how these regions can be ***,to identify the spectral changes in the secondary structures of collagen,the Amide I region(1600-1700 cm^(-1))was investigated and curve-fitted-area ratios were *** 1648:1681 cm^(-1)(non-reducing:reducing collagen types)band area ratios were used for Raman and 1632:1650 cm^(-1)(triple helix:α-like helix collagen)for *** ratios show a significant difference between the two *** support this qualitative analysis,logistic regression was performed on t

关键词： Raman spectroscopy Attenuated Total reflectance-Fourier transform InfraRed spectroscopy Principal component analysis Linear discriminant analysis Wet blue Distal axilla Official sampling position

Overview of recent advances in metastatic triple negative breast cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2021年第3期12卷 164-182页

作者： David O'Reilly maha Al Sendi catherine m Kelly Department of medical Oncology Mater Misericordiae University HospitalDublin 1Ireland

metastatic triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)has an aggressive phenotype with a predilection for visceral organs and *** responses to chemotherapy are predominately in the first *** studies have demonstrated improved progression free survival with the combination of atezolizumab/pembrolizumab and chemotherapy in programmed death-ligand 1 positive metastatic ***,a recent trial in a similar population showed no benefit for atezolizumab and paclitaxel which led to a Food and Drug Administration *** phase III trials(OLYmPIAD and BROCADE3)demonstrated a benefit in progression free survival(PFS)but not overall survival in patients with BRCAassociated metastatic TNBC treated with Olaparib or Talazoparib *** those treated with Talazoparib,the time to deterioration in health related-quality of life was also longer compared to *** BROCADE3 trial demonstrated that the combination of a platinum and veliparib increased PFS in first-line metastatic TNBC but at the cost of increased *** are no headto-head comparisons of a poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose)polymerase inhibitors(PARPi)and *** are unanswered questions regarding the role of PARPi maintenance after platinum therapy as is standard of care in BRCAassociated ovarian *** areas of therapeutic interest include targeting aberrations in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway,protein kinase B,mammalian target of rapamycin or utilising antibody drug *** review focusses on recent and emerging therapeutic options in metastatic *** searched Pubmed,*** and recent international meetings from American Society of Clinical Oncology,San Antonio Breast Cancer Conference and the European Society of medical Oncology.

关键词： Triple negative breast cancer Immunotherapy Poly(adenosine diphosphateribose)polymerase inhibitors Breast cancer

Is the whole greater than the sum of the parts? Self-rated health and transdisciplinarity

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Health 2013年第12期5卷 24-30页

作者： martin Picard Robert-Paul Juster catherine m. Sabiston Center for mitochondrial and Epigenomic medicine Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA Department of Kinesiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery McGill University & Centre of Studies on Human Stress Fernand-Seguin Institute Un-iversitaire en Santé mentale de Montréal Montreal Canada

Self-rated health (SRH)—a person’s subjective evaluation of his general health—is a more valid and powerful predictor of morbidity and mortality than any other combination of objective and self-reported measures. However, current theoretical frameworks fail to explain this association. Here, we sought to investigate SRH in relation to health outcomes from a transdisciplinary perspective. Using a selective review of epidemiological, clinical and qualitative SRH literature, we analyzed the relationships between this global subjective self-perception of health (the whole) and its directly measurable constituents (the parts). Although SRH often predicts major health outcomes, its underpinnings vary from person to person. Factors influencing individual’s health interact in complex ways evade reductionist methods assessing the parts, and may be best captured by global self-perceptions of health. The study of SRH from a transdisciplinary perspective exemplifies the notion that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. Insight into individual’s experience of “health”, their association with physiological processes, and impact on the health/disease continuum may contribute to the development of individualized strategies for health care and promotion with aging. In particular, this should be most valuable for addressing non-communicable health conditions where cross-talk between health domains (biological, psychological, social, behavioral, spiritual) may significantly contribute to pathophysiology.

关键词： Self-Rated Health Self-Perception Transdisciplinary Systems Theoretical Framework

Prevalence of historical and replacement brominated flame retardant chemicals in New York City homes

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Emerging Contaminants 2017年第1期3卷 32-39页

作者： Whitney J.Cowell Heather m.Stapleton Darrell Holmes Lehyla Calero catherine Tobon matthew Perzanowski Julie B.Herbstman Department of Environmental Health Sciences Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States Nicholas School of the Environment Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708United States

Background:Until their phase-out between 2005 and 2013,polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)were added to household products including furniture,rugs,and electronics to meet flammability *** brominated flame retardant(BFR)chemicals,including 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate(TBB)and bis(2-ethylhexyl)2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate(TBPH),which are components of the Firemaster 550®commercial mixture,are now being used to meet some flammability standards in *** objective of this analysis was to evaluate the extent to which mothers and their children living in New York City are exposed to PBDEs,TBB,and ***:We measured PBDEs,TBB,and TBPH using gas chromatography mass spectrometry in dust(n=25)and handwipe(n?11)samples collected between 2012 and 2013 from mothers and children living in New York *** defined dust as enriched if the proportional distribution for a given BFR exceeded two-thirds of the total BFR ***:We detected PBDEs and TBPH in 100%of dust and handwipe samples and TBB in 100%of dust samples and 95%of handwipe *** from approximately two-thirds of households was enriched for either PBDEs(n?9)or for TBB t TBPH(n=8).Overall,the median house dust concentration of TBB+TBPH(1318 ng/g dust)was higher than that of SPentaBDE(802 ng/g dust)and BDE-209(1171 ng/g dust).Children generally had higher BFR handwipe concentrations compared to mothers(SPentaBDE:73%,BDE-209:64%,TBB t TBPH:55%)and within households,BFR concentrations from paired maternalchild handwipes were highly *** mothers,we found a significant positive relation between house dust and handwipe BDE-209 and TBB t TBPH ***:PBDEs,TBB and TBPH are ubiquitous in house dust and handwipes in a sample of motherchild pairs residing in New York City.

关键词： Flame retardants PBDEs TBB TBPH Dust Handwipe Children

Color Doppler ultrasound imaging in varicoceles: Is the difference in venous diameter encountered during Valsalva predictive of palpable varicocele grade?

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Asian Journal of Urology 2023年第1期10卷 27-32页

作者： Kelly Lehner catherine Ingram Utsav Bansal Colleen Baca Adithya Balasubramanian Nannan Thirumavalavan Jason m.Scovell Saneal Rajanahally matthew Pollard Larry I.Lipshultz Baylor College of medicine Scott Department of UrologyHoustonTXUSA

Objective:The clinical grading system for varicoceles is subjective and dependent on clinician *** Doppler ultrasound(US)has not been standardized in the diagnosis of *** aimed to determine if US measurement of varicocele could be predictive of World Health Organization(WHO)varicocele ***:men who presented for either scrotal pain or infertility to a tertiary men’s health clinic underwent physical examination,and varicoceles were graded following WHO criteria(0Zsubclinical,1,2,3).US was used to measure largest venous diameter in the pampiniform plexus bilaterally at rest and during Valsalva *** operator characteristic curve analysis was used to determine if resting diameter,diameter during Valsalva,or change in diameter between at rest and during Valsalva provided the highest sensitivity and specificity for determining clinical *** values for diameter were determined from these receiver operator characteristic ***:A total of 102 men(50 with clinical varicocele and 52 with subclinical varicocele)were *** at rest was the best ultrasonographic discriminator between subclinical and clinical varicoceles(area under the curve[AUC]Z0.67)with a diameter threshold of 3.0 mm(sensitivity 79%,specificity 42%).Diameter during Valsalva had the greatest AUC for determining clinical Grades 1 versus 2(AUCZ0.57)with diameter threshold of 5.7 mm(sensitivity 71%,specificity 33%).For differentiating between Grades 2 and 3,diameter at rest had the greatest AUC of 0.65 with a threshold of 3.6 mm(sensitivity 71%,specificity 58%).Conclusion:Our results corroborate other studies that have shown a weak correlation between US and clinical *** use of diameter during Valsalva was less predictive than diameter at rest and was only clinically significant in differentiating between Grade 1 and 2 varicocele.A standardized method for determining clinically relevant varicoceles on US would allow for improved pat

关键词： Varicocele Ultrasound Doppler Venous plexus Infertility

Nutrition Uptake among Pregnant Women: A Case of Solwezi District, North Western Province

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第5期13卷 960-982页

作者： Prisca Womba muchima catherine m. Ngoma Natali mbewe Shitima Department of midwifery Women and Child Health School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Department of Basic and Clinical Nursing School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Background: Zambia has a population of 17.4 million people of which 48% are unable to meet their minimum calorie requirement and 35% of the children in Zambia are stunted (ZDHS, 2018). In the 2018 ZDHS report, 31% of women aged 15 - 49 had anaemia. most cases of anaemia in pregnancy are due to micronutrient deficiency and maternal malnutrition. The 2020 Zambia Global Nutrition Report shows an increase in the prevalence of anaemia among women of reproductive age (45%) and low birth weight infants (13.0%) which suggested a need to explore determinants of pregnant women’s nutrition uptake in order to improve the nutritional status of pregnant women particularly those in Solwezi district of the north-western province of Zambia. methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on antenatal mothers aged 15 - 49 accessing routine antenatal care from four selected health facilities in Solwezi district from July 2021 to February 2021. Cluster sampling method was used to select the 4 health facilities and the 98 antenatal mothers were selected using systematic sampling method. Data was collected using a pretested researcher-assisted semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using the SPSS version 26. Chi-square test was used to determine associations between the independent and independent variables. The level of significance was set at 0.05 and the confidence interval was set at 95%. multiple logistic regression analysis was done to predict associations among variables. Results: The findings revealed that a large proportion of respondents (71.4 %) had high knowledge regarding nutrition during pregnancy compared to (19.4%) and (9.2%) who expressed medium and low knowledge levels respectively. Attitude towards nutrition in pregnancy was positive in the majority, 82 (83.7%) of the respondents, and over half, (55%) of the respondents reported good nutrition uptake during pregnancy. Conclusions: In this study, nutrition uptake in pregnancy was significantly associated

关键词： Pregnant Women Determinants Nutritional Uptake Knowledge Attitude Practices