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Nanostructured fibers as a versatile photonic platform: radiative cooling and waveguiding through transverse Anderson localization

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light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 690-698页

作者： Norman Nan Shi Cheng-Chia Tsai Michael J.Carter Jyotirmoy Mandal Adam C.Overvig Matthew Y.Sfeir Ming lu catherine l.craig Gary D.Bernard Yuan Yang Nanfang Yu Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA Museum of Comparative Zoology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

Broadband high reflectance in nature is often the result of randomly,three-dimensionally structured materials.This study explores unique optical properties associated with one-dimensional nanostructures discovered in silk cocoon fibers of the comet moth,Argema mittrei.The fibers are populated with a high density of air voids randomly distributed across the fiber cross-section but are invariant along the fiber.These filamentary air voids strongly scatter light in the solar spectrum.A single silk fiber measuring~50μm thick can reflect 66%of incoming solar radiation,and this,together with the fibers’high emissivity of 0.88 in the mid-infrared range,allows the cocoon to act as an efficient radiative-cooling device.Drawing inspiration from these natural radiative-cooling fibers,biomimetic nanostructured fibers based on both regenerated silk fibroin and polyvinylidene difluoride are fabricated through wet spinning.Optical characterization shows that these fibers exhibit exceptional optical properties for radiative-cooling applications:nanostructured regenerated silk fibers provide a solar reflectivity of 0.73 and a thermal emissivity of 0.90,and nanostructured polyvinylidene difluoride fibers provide a solar reflectivity of 0.93 and a thermal emissivity of 0.91.The filamentary air voids lead to highly directional scattering,giving the fibers a highly reflective sheen,but more interestingly,they enable guided optical modes to propagate along the fibers through transverse Anderson localization.This discovery opens up the possibility of using wild silkmoth fibers as a biocompatible and bioresorbable material for optical signal and image transport.

关键词： fibers radiative transverse

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Unsynchronized butyrophilin molecules dictate cancer cell evasion of Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell killing

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 362-373页

作者： Zeguang Wu Qiezhong lamao Meichao Gu Xuanxuan Jin Ying liu Feng Tian Ying Yu Pengfei Yuan Shuaixin Gao Thomas S.Fulford Adam P.Uldrich catherine C.l Wong Wensheng Wei Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking University Genome Editing Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene ResearchSchool of Life SciencesPeking University100871BeijingChina EdiGene Inc. Life Science ParkChangping District102206BeijingChina Center for Precision Medicine Multi-Omics Research Peking University Health Science CenterPeking University100191BeijingChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia Cancer Immunology Program Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVICAustralia State Key laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesClinical Research InstitutePeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegePeking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences100871BeijingChina

Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are specialized effector cells that have gained prominence as immunotherapy agents due to their ability to target and kill cells with altered pyrophosphate metabolites.In our effort to understand how cancer cells evade the cell-killing activity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells,we performed a comprehensive genome-scale CRISPR screening of cancer cells.We found that four molecules belonging to the butyrophilin(BTN)family,specifically BTN2A1,BTN3A1,BTN3A2,and BTN3A3,are critically important and play unique,nonoverlapping roles in facilitating the destruction of cancer cells by primary Vγ9Vδ2 T cells.The coordinated function of these BTN molecules was driven by synchronized gene expression,which was regulated by IFN-γsignaling and the RFX complex.Additionally,an enzyme called QPCTl was shown to play a key role in modifying the N-terminal glutamine of these BTN proteins and was found to be a crucial factor in Vγ9Vδ2 T cell killing of cancer cells.Through our research,we offer a detailed overview of the functional genomic mechanisms that underlie how cancer cells escape Vγ9Vδ2 T cells.Moreover,our findings shed light on the importance of the harmonized expression and function of gene family members in modulating T-cell activity.

关键词： Butyrophilin Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell Cancer-specific immune evasion Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like Pyrophosphate metabolite Immunotherapy

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limosilactobacillus mucosae FZJTZ26M3 prevents NAFlD in mice through modulation of lipid metabolism and gut microbiota dysbiosis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1589-1601页

作者： Danting Dang Bowen li Mengfan Ding RPaul Ross catherine Stanton Jianxin Zhao Bo Yang Wei Chen State Key laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China International Joint Research Center for Probiotics&Gut Health Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China APC Microbiome Ireland University College CorkCork T12 YT20Ireland Teagasc Food Research Centre MooreparkFermoyCork T12 YT20Ireland National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

lactobacillus are considered promising therapeutic methods for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD).The effects of two strains of ltmosilactobacillus mucosae on NAFlD were investigated in this study.Fourweek-old male C57Bl/6J mice were divided into 4 groups(n=8 per group,Control,Model,FZJTZ26M3,FGSYC17l3).l.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 reduced the mice 's body weight,liver weight,and adipose tissue weight after 12 weeks of therapy.According to serum analysis,total cholesterol,triacylglycerol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased after l.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 intervention.liver pathology showed that l.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 was effective to ameliorate lipid deposition in NAFlD mice.Additionally,the expression of the gene related to lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue was analyzed,and the results indicated that l.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 could alleviate NAFlD by regulating lipid metabolism.Furthermore,the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a drop in the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae,which is linked to inflammation,but the relative abundance of a potential probiotic Akkermansia significantly increased after l.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 intervention.Generally,l.mucosae FZJTZ26M3 could be a candidate to prevent NAFlD.

关键词： limosilactobacillus mucosae Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFlD) Probiotic lipid metabolism Gut microbiota

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Item-level Analysis of the Revised Occupational Therapy Fieldwork Performance Evaluation Applied in Practice

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2024年第2期12卷 145-159页

作者： Cynthia l. Sears Brad E. Egan Patricia F. Tomsic craig A. Velozo Graduate College of Health Professions Occupational Therapy Program Hawai&#8217i Pacific University Honolulu HI USA College of Science and Health Occupational Therapy Program DePaul University Chicago IL USA Department of Occupational Therapy Wingate University Wingate NC USA College of Health Professions Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Division of Occupational Therapy Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC USA

Competency-based assessments for healthcare professionals are critical for safe and effective client outcomes. Rehabilitation clinical skill competency assessments must be validated and revised to produce safe and skilled practitioners. The revised American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) Fieldwork Performance Evaluation (FWPE) instrument measures occupational therapy student performance to determine readiness for practice. The assessment includes thirty-seven competencies that address both profession specific clinical skills and general professional behavior skills. The objective of this study was to use Rasch methods to explore the use of the revised FWPE in actual fieldwork practice and to determine the instrument’s psychometric properties when separating the item components into two distinct subdomains: General Health Professions Competences and Occupational Therapy-Specific Competencies. Internal construct validity and test reliability were analyzed using data from 149 occupational therapy students after completing their initial level II A fieldwork clinical internship. This study examined the item difficulty hierarchy, item fit, person-fit to model, person separation index, person separation reliability coefficient, strata, ceiling and floor effect, and unidimensionality of the FWPE instrument as a whole and as two separate domains. With the exception of not meeting the criteria for unidimensionality, the full FWPE instrument and the Occupational Therapy-Specific Competencies subdomain showed acceptable item-level psychometrics for reliability and precision. While the General Health Professions Competencies subdomain showed good item-level psychometrics, it was below the criterion for reliability and only separated the sample into two strata. Results support the validity, reliability, and clinical use of the revised FWPE full instrument and the Occupational Therapy-Specific Competencies subdomain to measure entry-level clinical skill competencies in practice.

关键词： Rehabilitation Competency-Based Assessments Occupational Therapy Measurement Rasch Analysis

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Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RIGHT- 2 randomised sham- controlled ambulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton lisa J Woodhouse craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar lesley Cala Mark Dixon Timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant Mair Keith W Muir John Potter Christopher I Price Marc Randall Thompson G Robinson Christine Roffe Else C Sandset Jeffrey l Saver Angela Shone Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna M Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip M Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of Medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute China at Peking University Health Science Center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Champion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR leicester Biomedical Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Department of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Development Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Community and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcome when administered before hospital admission in suspected stroke patients is unclear.Here,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).Methods RIGHT-2 was an ambulance-based multicentre sham-controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of onset.The primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scale(mRS)at day 90.Secondary outcomes included death;a global analysis(Wei-lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,mRS,telephone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scale;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frailty’markers.Data were reported as n(%),mean(SD),median[IQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or Mann-Whitney difference(MWD)with 95%CI.Results 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRS>2107(18%),Glasgow Coma Scale 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]min.Neuroimaging‘brain frailty’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%CI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(MWD 0.00,95%CI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe stroke.Conclusions In patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ultra-acute administration of transdermal GTN in the ambulance did not improve clinical outcomes in a population with more clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital trials.WHAT IS AlREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC⇒Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those with acute stroke treated within 6hours of stroke

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

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含二硫化硒洗发水对中-重度头皮脂溢性皮炎外用糖皮质激素/水杨酸治疗后的疗效维持作用

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中华皮肤科杂志 2024年第5期57卷 483-484页

作者： Philippe Massiot Pascal Reygagne Corinne Chagnoleau leila Kanoun-Copy Florence Pouradier Geneviève loussouarn catherine Queille-Roussel Hussein Jouni Delphine Kerob l'Oréal Research and Innovation Saint-Ouen France. Centre Sabouraud Hôpital Saint-Louis 1 avenue Claude-Vellefaux 75010 Paris France. CPCAD Hôpital l'Archet Nice France. l'Oréal Research and Innovation Aulnay-sous-Bois France. Cosmetic Active International Levallois-Perret France.

脂溢性皮炎是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病,好发于头皮、面部和躯干等皮脂腺分布丰富的部位。头皮脂溢性皮炎主要表现为红斑和片状鳞屑,程度从轻度鳞屑到弥漫性大片黏着性鳞屑不等,伴有明显的瘙痒,并容易反复发作。目前认为脂溢性皮炎的发生与... 详细信息

脂溢性皮炎是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病,好发于头皮、面部和躯干等皮脂腺分布丰富的部位。头皮脂溢性皮炎主要表现为红斑和片状鳞屑,程度从轻度鳞屑到弥漫性大片黏着性鳞屑不等,伴有明显的瘙痒,并容易反复发作。目前认为脂溢性皮炎的发生与亲脂性马拉色菌定植增加以及遗传、环境和全身健康状况等因素相关,上述因素共同导致皮脂腺代谢活动异常、皮脂成分改变、表皮屏障功能障碍,最终加重炎症反应。

关键词：头皮脂溢性皮炎二硫化硒洗发水亲脂性炎症反应马拉色菌皮脂腺黏着性

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Robust genome and RNA editing via CRISPR nucleases in PiggyBac systems

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第8期7卷 313-320页

作者： Yuqian Jiang Rachel catherine Hoenisch Yun Chang Xiaoping Bao craig E.Cameron Xiaojun lance lian Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA Huck Institutes of the life Sciences Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA Department of Biology Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA Davidson School of Chemical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN47907USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of North Carolina School of MedicineChapel HillNC27599USA

CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing in human pluripotent stem cells(hPSCs)offers unprecedented opportunities for developing in vitro disease modeling,drug screening and cell-based therapies.To efficiently deliver the CRISPR components,here we developed two all-in-one vectors containing Cas9/gRNA and inducible Cas13d/gRNA cassettes for robust genome editing and RNA interference respectively.These vectors utilized the PiggyBac transposon system,which allows stable expression of CRISPR components in hPSCs.The Cas9 vector PB-CRISPR exhibited high efficiency(up to 99%)of inducing gene knockout in both protein-coding genes and long non-coding RNAs.The other inducible Cas13d vector achieved extremely high efficiency in RNA knockdown(98%knockdown for CD90)with optimized gRNA designs.Taken together,our PiggyBac CRISPR vectors can serve as powerful toolkits for studying gene functions in hPSCs.

关键词： CRISPR-Cas9 Genome editing Cas13d RNA editing PiggyBac transposon Human pluripotent stem cells

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Proteomics research of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 disease

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Medical Review 2022年第4期2卷 427-445页

作者： Nan Zhang Siyuan Wang catherine C.l.Wong Department of Medical Research Center State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingP.R.China Department of Radiation Oncology College of MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Center for Cancer Metabolism Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Medical Research Center State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College Hospital(Dongdan Campus)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeNo.1 Shuaifuyuan WangfujingDongcheng DistrictBeijing 100730P.R.China Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for life Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084P.R.China

Currently,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is still spreading in a global scale,exerting a massive health and socioeconomic crisis.Deep insights into the molecular functions of the viral proteins and the pathogenesis of this infectious disease are urgently needed.In this review,we comprehensively describe the proteome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)and summarize their protein interaction map with host cells.In the protein interaction network between the virus and the host,a total of 787 host prey proteins that appeared in at least two studies or were verified by co-immunoprecipitation experiments.Together with 29 viral proteins,a network of 1762 proximal interactions were observed.We also review the proteomics results of COVID-19 patients and proved that SARS-CoV-2 hijacked the host’s translation system,post-translation modification system,and energy supply system via viral proteins,resulting in various immune disorders,multiple cardiomyopathies,and cholesterol metabolism diseases.

关键词： COVID-19 disease proteomics research SARS-CoV-2 particles

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Muscle energy technique for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:A feasibility study

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第3期21卷 245-253页

作者： Danielle A.Baxter Meaghan E.Coyle catherine J Hill Christopher Worsnop Johannah l.Shergis School of Health and Biomedical Sciences Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology UniversityBundooraVictoria 383Australia Department of Physiotherapy Austin HealthHeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia Institute for Breathing and Sleep HeidelbergVictoria 3084Australia

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of implementing a manual therapy technique(muscle energy technique,MET)protocol in a hospital pulmonary rehabilitation(PR)program for patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:Participants aged 40 years and over,with moderate to severe COPD,were recruited into this 12-week study.The primary outcome measures were feasibility(acceptability of the intervention and attendance/adherence to the trial)and safety(adverse events,AEs).All participants received the MET and PR therapies.Participants and assessors were unblinded.Semi-standardized MET was delivered on 6 occasions(a maximum of once per week)at the hospital directly before a PR session.Participants undertook PR sessions as per the hospital program at a frequency of two days per week for 8 weeks.Participants were contacted 4 weeks after their final MET treatment via a telephone call to assess acceptability of the intervention.Results:Thirty-three participants were enrolled,with a median age of 74 years(range 45-89 years).The median number of MET sessions that participants attended was 5(range O-6)out of a possible 6 sessions(83%attendance).At follow-up,participants overwhelmingly enjoyed the MET treatment with some subjectively reporting improved breathing.There were no major AEs related to the intervention,with the majority of AEs classified as expected events related to COPD exacerbations.Conclusion:It is feasible to implement a manual therapy protocol using MET as an adjunct to PR in a hospital setting.Recruitment rates were satisfactory and there were no AEs related to the MET component of the intervention.

关键词： Manual therapy Pulmonary rehabilitation Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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Quality of life in patients with gastroenteropancreatic tumours: A systematic literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第25期26卷 3686-3711页

作者： catherine Watson craig William Tallentire John K Ramage Rajaventhan Srirajaskanthan Oscar Rleeuwenkamp Donna Fountain PHMR Health Economics Pricing and ReimbursementLondon NW18XYUnited Kingdom Kings Health Partners NET centre Kings College Hospital LondonLondon SE59RSUnited Kingdom Advanced Accelerator Applications Geneva 1204Switzerland

BACKGROUND Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours(GEP-NETs)are slow-growing cancers that arise from diffuse endocrine cells in the gastrointestinal tract(GINETs)or the pancreas(P-NETs).They are relatively uncommon,accounting for 2%of all gastrointestinal malignancies.The usual treatment options in advanced GEP-NET patients with metastatic disease include chemotherapy,biological therapies,and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.Understanding the impact of treatment on GEP-NET patients is paramount given the nature of the disease.Health-related quality of life(HRQol)is increasingly important as a concept reflecting the patients’perspective in conjunction with the disease presentation,severity and treatment.AIM To conduct a systematic literature review to identify literature reporting HRQol data in patients with GEP-NETs between January 1985 and November 2019.METHODS The PRISMA guiding principles were applied.MEDlINE,Embase and the Cochrane library were searched.Data extracted from the publications included type of study,patient population data(mid-gut/hind-gut/GI-NET/P-NET),sample size,intervention/comparators,HRQol instruments,average and data spread of overall and sub-scores,and follow-up time for data collection.RESUlTS Forty-three publications met the inclusion criteria.The heterogeneous nature of the different study populations was evident;the percentage of female participants ranged between 30%-60%,whilst average age ranged from 53.8 to 67.0 years.Eight studies investigated GI-NET patients only,six studies focused exclusively on P-NET patients and the remaining studies involved both patient populations or did not report the location of the primary tumour.The most commonly used instrument was the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of life Questionnaire-C30(n=28)with consistent results across studies;the GI-NET-specific module Quality of life Questionnaire-GINET21 was used in six of these studies.A number of randomised trials demonstrated no HRQol changes between active

关键词： Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours Health-related quality of life Systematic literature review Chemotherapy Biological therapies Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy

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