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A census tract-level assessment of social determinants of health,traffic exposure,and asthma exacerbations in New York State's Medicaid Population(2005–2015)

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Eco-Environment & Health 2024年第3期3卷 300-307页

作者： Temilayo Adeyeye Tabassum Zarina Insaf catherine Adler Victoria Wagner Anisa Proj Susan McCauley Bureau of Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology New York State Department of HealthAlbanyNY 12237USA Department of Environmental Health Sciences University at Albany School of Public HealthAlbanyNY 12222USA Bureau of Cancer Epidemiology New York State Department of HealthAlbanyNY 12237USA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University at Albany School of Public HealthAlbanyNY 12222USA Office of Quality and Patient Safety New York State Department of HealthAlbanyNY 12237USA Bureau of Chronic Disease Evaluation and Research New York State Department of HealthAlbanyNY 12237USA

This study aims to evaluate the association between social determinants,environmental exposure metrics,and the risk of asthma emergency department(ED)visits in the New York State(NYS)Medicaid population using smallarea *** densities for each census tract in NYS were calculated using the length of road segments within each tract and total area of the tract to produce a measure of average number of vehicles per square meter per *** on social determinants of health including internal and external environments and other demographic factors were obtained from various *** regression analyses were conducted to identify significant factors associated with asthma ED visits in Medicaid claim and encounter data for years 2005–*** traffic density in NYS excluding New York City(NYC)correlated with increased risk of asthma ED visits(RR 1.69;95%CI:1.42,2.00),mitigated by adjusting for environmental and social determinants(RR 1.00;95%CI:0.85,1.19).Similar trends were observed in NYC only(RR 1.19;95%CI:1.00,1.41),with the adjusted risk remaining elevated(RR 1.14;95%CI:0.98,1.33)albeit not statistically *** in census tracts with high concentrated disadvantage index,high proportions of minorities,and less green space predicted higher asthma ED *** mapped predicted rates and model residuals to identify areas of high *** results support previous findings that environmental and social risk factors in poor and urban areas contribute to asthma exacerbations in the NYS Medicaid population,even if they may not necessarily contribute to its development.

关键词： Asthma Medicaid Social determinants Traffic density Environmental exposures

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非贵金属修饰的BiVO4光催化剂用于高效直接将甲烷转化为甲醇

非贵金属修饰的BiVO4光催化剂用于高效直接将甲烷转化为甲醇

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作者： catherine Afriyie 浙江大学

学位级别：硕士

开发高效技术对于将甲烷升级为有用的含氧化合物（尤其是甲醇）至关重要。然而,由于甲烷对电子的亲和力弱、极化率低、C-H键能量高,因此将甲烷部分氧化为甲醇仍是一项重大挑战。经典的热催化法需要高温来激活甲烷分子,因此需要大量能源... 详细信息

开发高效技术对于将甲烷升级为有用的含氧化合物（尤其是甲醇）至关重要。然而,由于甲烷对电子的亲和力弱、极化率低、C-H键能量高,因此将甲烷部分氧化为甲醇仍是一项重大挑战。经典的热催化法需要高温来激活甲烷分子,因此需要大量能源,而且对有用含氧化合物的选择性较差。光催化可以在温和的条件下促进甲烷转化,与热催化和电催化甲烷转化相比具有更多优势。因此,需要以一种具有成本效益、新颖且环保的方法合成半导体光催化剂,以实现甲烷的高选择性转化。最近,研究人员将铋基半导体作为二元氧化物的完美替代品。其中,BiVO具有低成本、无毒性和窄带隙（2.4 eV）的特点,在甲烷的选择性光氧化中具有广阔的应用前景,因为其导带最小值具有足够的电位,可将O还原成超氧自由基或将HO还原成羟自由基,从而激活CH。然而,纯BiVO光催化剂的表面吸附力较弱,其光诱导的电子-空穴对很快就会重新结合。因此,本论文探讨了以3-十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）为表面活性剂,制备具有可控形貌的BiVO光催化剂,并用低成本的非贵金属（fe和Cu）对其进行改性,因为Cu和fe是众所周知的甲烷氧化活性位点。具体研究内容和成果如下（1）首先合成了单斜白钨矿BiVO纳米片（NNS）,并通过浸渍法和锻烧法用fe或二聚体Cu修饰得到fe/BiVO（NNS）和Cu/BiVO（NNS）。催化剂在水介质中与O的光催化反应显示没有转化出CH,这与理论推导相矛盾,理论推导认为由于BiVO的导带最低点的位置,光生电子能够还原O产生·O,从而攻击强C-H键活化甲烷。此外,纳米片形态和表面活性金属（fe和Cu）催化剂的添加并不影响BiVO光催化剂与O转化甲烷的光活性。（2）作为对比研究,合成了 BiVO的微晶（MC）,该微晶之前曾作为单组分光催化剂用于CH与水的氧化。在BiVO（MC）表面同时修饰了 Cu和fe,以研究它们对光催化过程的综合影响。此外,还研究了通过将BiVO（MC）与p型半导体（feOOH）耦合形成p-n异质结作为促进电荷载流子分离的另一种方法。催化剂的光催化反应没有显示出对CH的转化,这意味着无论是否经过改性,BiVO半导体光催化剂都无法通过光生电子激活O产生·O,从而转化甲烷。（3）最后,用HO替代O测试了甲烷在催化剂上的光氧化反应。此外,还在BiVO（NNS）中掺杂了 fe,目的是用fe取代部分Bi以最大限度地分离电荷载流子。甲烷转化为甲基含氧化合物（CHOH和CHOOH）的选择性几乎达到100%。在BiVO中掺入铁元素后,形成了单斜-四方异质结构,增强了电荷分离,显著降低了带隙能,增强了可见光范围内的光吸收,增加了比表面积,使更多的活性位点可用于反应,从而提高了甲基含氧化合物的产率,超过了未掺杂的BiVO。本论文的实验结果表明,HO是BiVO光催化剂系统中直接转化甲烷的相关氧化剂。初级含氧产物的生产率和选择性优于大多数有关该反应的研究报告。

关键词：甲烷氧化光催化甲醇钒酸铋过渡金属

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Distribution of atrial cardiomyopathy markers and association with atrial fibrillation detected after ischaemic stroke in the SAfAS study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第2期9卷 165-173,I0426,I0427页

作者： Romain Didier Lucie Garnier Gauthier Duloquin Alexandre Meloux Audrey Sagnard Mathilde Graber Geoffrey Dogon Karim Benali Thibaut Pommier Gabriel Laurent catherine Vergely Yannick Bejot Charles Guenancia Cardiology CHU Dijon BourgogneDijonFrance Dijon Stroke Registry Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital Centre DijonDijonFrance PEC 2 Universitéde BourgogneDijonFrance Cardiology CHU Saint EtienneSaint EtienneFrance

Background Atrial cardiomyopathy(AC)is an emerging concept explaining the pathophysiology of cardioembolic strokes in absence of atrial fibrillation(Af).A definition based on the presence of electrical abnormality(P-wave terminal force in lead V1(PTfV1)>5000µV×ms),N-Terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT pro BNP)>250pg/mL and/or indexed left atrial diameter(LADI)>3cm/m^(2)is currently tested in the ARCADIA(AtRial Cardiopathy and Antithrombotic Drugs In prevention After cryptogenic stroke)*** set out to estimate the prevalence of AC as defined in the ARCADIA trial,its determinants and its association with Af detected after stroke(AfDAS).Methods Stepwise screening for silent Atrial fibrillation After Stroke(SAfAS)study prospectively included 240 ischaemic stroke *** markers were complete for 192 of them and 9 were not included in this analysis because Af had been diagnosed on *** A total of 183 patients were analysed,of whom 57%(104 patients)met the AC criteria(79 NT-proBNP,47 PTfV1,4 LADI).In the multivariate logistic regression,C reactive protein>3mg/L(OR(95%CI)2.60(1.30 to 5.21),p=0.007)and age(OR(95%CI)1.07(1.04 to 1.10),pfound to be independently associated with *** 6 months of follow-up,AfDAS was detected in 33%of AC patients and in 14%of the remaining ones(p=0.003).However,AC was not independently associated with AfDAS,contrary to left atrial volume index(>34mL/m^(2),OR 2.35(CI 1.09 to 5.06)p=0029).Conclusion AC as defined in ARCADIA is mostly based on NT pro BNP elevation(76%of patients)and is associated with age and ***,AC was not independently associated with AfDAS at *** ARCADIA trial,which compares aspirin to apixaban in patients with embolic strokes of undetermined source with AC markers and must,therefore be analysed in the light of these limitations.

关键词： atrial cardiomyopathy prevention

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Duo honored for tiny RNAs key to development and disease

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四川生理科学杂志 2024年第10期46卷 2356-2356页

作者： catherine Offord 不详

Probes of abnormal worm development led to discovery of microRNAs and their role in gene expression.

关键词： expression. Probe Duo

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factors Associated with Neonatal Sepsis: A Case Study at Chilenje General Hospital in the Neonatal Unit and Paediatric Wards

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 174-203页

作者： Godfridah Liholosi Monde catherine Ngoma Mutinke Zulu Michael Banda School of Nursing and Midwifery University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Department of Midwifery Women’s and Child Health School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia Department of Humanities and Social Sciences UNICAF University Lusaka Zambia

Background: Neonatal sepsis is known to result in 26% of mortalities in children below the age of five worldwide, countries in Sub-Saharan African recording the highest deaths. Although the deaths of neonates have reduced world over up to 3.6 million counts, Chilenje General Hospital continues to register significant numbers of neonatal sepsis. This study aimed at investigating the factors associated with neonatal sepsis at Chilenje General Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted at Chilenje General Hospital. Data were collected by the use of a researcher designed questionnaire and analysed using SPSS version 25. frequencies were used for descriptive analysis while bivariate analysis was used to establish association among risk factors and outcome variables. Variables with significant association at 5% level were further subjected to multivariate analysis at α ≤ 0.05. Results: The study showed that out of 156 neonates, 40.4% (63/156) developed neonatal sepsis. Maternal factors that projected the incidence of sepsis amongst neonates were distance to nearest health facility [AOR: 6.3 (95% CI: 1.8 - 21.3), p = 0.003], occupation [AOR: 5.8 (95% CI: 1.2 - 27.6), p = 0.026], number of antenatal visits [AOR: 6.3 (95% CI: 1.9 - 21.6), p = 0.003], number of vaginal examinations [AOR: 10.8 (95% CI: 2.8 - 42), p = 0.001], and pregnancy induced hypertension [AOR: 5.4 (95% CI: 1.4 - 20), p = 0.013]. Neonatal risk factor which projected the incidence of sepsis was Neonate’s age [AOR: 18.8 (95% CI: 4.9 - 72.5), p = 0.000]. Conclusions: The chance of developing neonatal sepsis was strongly correlated with both mother and child variables, according to the study. In order to lower the chance of the neonate acquiring sepsis, encouraging maternal antenatal care use would assist to detect risk factors during prenatal, perinatal and postnatal care and apply the proper therapies.

关键词： Neonatal Sepsis factors Maternal

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from source to emplacement:The origin of leucogranites from the Sikkim-Darjeeling Himalayas,India

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Geoscience frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 384-401页

作者： Tanya Srivastava Nigel Harris catherine Mottram Kumar Batuk Joshi Nishchal Wanjari Department of Geology Sikkim UniversityGangtokIndia School of Environment Earth&Ecosystem SciencesOpen UniversityMiltonKeynesUK School of the Environment Geography and GeosciencesUniversity of PortsmouthUK National Centre for Earth Science Studies ThiruvananthapuramKeralaIndia

Himalayan leucogranites are important for understanding the tectonic evolution of collision zones in general and the causes of crustal melting in the Himalayan orogen in *** paper aims to understand the melt source and emplacement age of the leucogranites from Sikkim in order to decipher the deep geodynamic processes of the eastern *** U-Pb analysis of the Higher Himalayan Sequence(HHS)metamorphic core reveals a prolonged period of crustal melting between>33 Ma and ca.14 *** and trace element abundances are presented for 27 leucogranites from North Sikkim that are classified into two-mica and tourmaline leucogranite *** are peraluminous in composition,characterized by high SiO2(70.91-74.9 wt.%),Al2O3(13.69-15.82 wt.%),and low MgO(0.13-0.74 wt.%).Elemental abundances suggest that Sikkim Himalayan leucogranites are derived from crustal *** two-mica leucogranites are derived from a metagreywacke source,whereas the tourmaline leucogranites are sourced from metapelitic sources,with inherited zircons indicating an HHS origin for both types.U-Pb zircon geochronology of the two mica leucogranites indicates ages of ca.19-15 Ma,consistent with crustal melting recorded in HHS gneisses from *** from both the two-mica and tourmaline leucogranites yield a crystallization age of ca.15-14 Ma,coeval with movement on the Main Central Thrust and South Tibetan Detachment System which further provides constraints on the timing and mechanism of petrogenesis of leucogranites in the Sikkim Himalayas.

关键词： Leucogranites Gneiss U-Pb geochronology Zircon Monazite Sikkim-Darjeeling Himalayas

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Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of fucoxanthin from Marine Macroalga Padina australis:Optimization,Bioactivity,and Structural Characterization

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第5期8卷 89-104页

作者： L.Antony catherine flora Kirubanandan Shanmugam Renganathan Sahadevan Department of Chemical Engineering Alagappa College of TechnologyAnna UniversityChennai 600025India Independent Research Professional ChennaiTamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology Alagappa College of TechnologyAnna UniversityChennai 600025India

Macroalgae serve as a potential feedstock for fucoxanthin ***,a bioactive pigment found in the chloroplasts of marine algae,exhibits significant pharmacological *** a member of the carotenoid family,fucoxanthin plays a crucial role in both the food and pharmaceutical *** research explores the effects of ultrasonics on the extraction of fucoxanthin from the marine macroalga Padina *** addition,various extraction techniques and the influence of solvents on the efficient separation of fucoxanthin from algae have been studied and *** methanol,chloroform,and a combination of methanol and chloroform(1:1,v/v),conventional fucoxanthin extraction from Padina australis yielded 8.12 mg of fucoxanthin per gram of ***,the ultrasonic-assisted extraction resulted in a significantly higher yield of 16.9 mg of fucoxanthin per gram of biomass,demonstrating that the use of ultrasonics enhances the extraction rate compared to conventional ***,the efficient separation of fucoxanthin from Padina australis is highly dependent on ultrasonic-assisted *** process conditions for the extraction were optimized to maximize the yield of fucoxanthin from *** following parameters were selected for optimization studies:moisture content,particle size,mixing speed,extraction temperature,extraction duration,and solid-to-solvent *** extracted fucoxanthin exhibited various biological activities,including antimicrobial and antioxidant properties,and its structure was elucidated through fTIR and NMR ***,thin-layer chromatography of the crude algae extracts confirmed the presence of fucoxanthin in the marine *** these findings,the optimized extraction process holds the potential for scaling up to large-scale fucoxanthin ***,as a potent pharmacological agent,offers promising applications in the treatment of various ailments.

关键词： Marine algae fucoxanthin Ultrasonics Extraction Optimization TLC DPPH Antimicrobial antioxidant activities

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Unsynchronized butyrophilin molecules dictate cancer cell evasion of Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell killing

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 362-373页

作者： Zeguang Wu Qiezhong Lamao Meichao Gu Xuanxuan Jin Ying Liu feng Tian Ying Yu Pengfei Yuan Shuaixin Gao Thomas S.fulford Adam P.Uldrich catherine C.L Wong Wensheng Wei Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking University Genome Editing Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene ResearchSchool of Life SciencesPeking University100871BeijingChina EdiGene Inc. Life Science ParkChangping District102206BeijingChina Center for Precision Medicine Multi-Omics Research Peking University Health Science CenterPeking University100191BeijingChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia Cancer Immunology Program Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVICAustralia State Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesClinical Research InstitutePeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegePeking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences100871BeijingChina

Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are specialized effector cells that have gained prominence as immunotherapy agents due to their ability to target and kill cells with altered pyrophosphate *** our effort to understand how cancer cells evade the cell-killing activity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells,we performed a comprehensive genome-scale CRISPR screening of cancer *** found that four molecules belonging to the butyrophilin(BTN)family,specifically BTN2A1,BTN3A1,BTN3A2,and BTN3A3,are critically important and play unique,nonoverlapping roles in facilitating the destruction of cancer cells by primary Vγ9Vδ2 T *** coordinated function of these BTN molecules was driven by synchronized gene expression,which was regulated by IfN-γsignaling and the RfX ***,an enzyme called QPCTL was shown to play a key role in modifying the N-terminal glutamine of these BTN proteins and was found to be a crucial factor in Vγ9Vδ2 T cell killing of cancer *** our research,we offer a detailed overview of the functional genomic mechanisms that underlie how cancer cells escape Vγ9Vδ2 T ***,our findings shed light on the importance of the harmonized expression and function of gene family members in modulating T-cell activity.

关键词： Butyrophilin Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell Cancer-specific immune evasion Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like Pyrophosphate metabolite Immunotherapy

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Viral etiologies of acute liver failure

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第3期13卷 26-40页

作者： Brian W McSteen Xiao-Han Ying catherine Lucero Arun B Jesudian Department of Medicine New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell CampusNew YorkNY 10021United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNY 10021United States

Acute liver failure(ALf)is a rare cause of liver-related mortality worldwide,with an estimated annual global incidence of more than one million *** drug-induced liver injury,including acetaminophen toxicity,is the leading cause of ALf in the Western world,viral infections remain a significant cause of ALf and the most common cause in many developing *** the high mortality rates associated with ALf,healthcare providers should be aware of the broad range of viral infections that have been implicated to enable early diagnosis,rapid treatment initiation when possible,and optimal management,which may include liver *** review aims to provide a summary of viral causes of ALf,diagnostic approaches,treatment options,and expected outcomes.

关键词： Acute liver failure Viral hepatitis Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis A Liver disease Hepatology

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Mass spectrometry-based proteomics technology in pancreatic cancer research

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胰腺病学杂志(英文) 2024年第2期07卷 145-163页

作者： Sun Xue Wang Siyuan Wong catherine C.L. first School of Clinical Medicine Peking University Health Science Center Peking University Beijing China School of Pharmacy University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin United States State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases Clinical Research Institute Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science &amp Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Tsinghua-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has become a significant health concern with increasing incidence and mortality rates over the past few decades. Researchers have turned their attention to cutting-edge mass spectrometry (MS) technology due to its high-throughput and accurate detection capacity, which plays a vital role in understanding the mechanisms and discovering biomarkers for pancreatic diseases. In this review, we comprehensively investigate various methodologies of quantitative and qualitative proteomics MS technologies, alongside bioinformatical platforms employed in pancreatic cancer research. The integration of these optimized approaches provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis and disease progression, ultimately facilitating the discovery of potential diagnostic, prognostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. The robust MS-based strategy shows promise in paving the way for early diagnosis and personalized medicine for pancreatic cancer patients.

关键词： Biomarkers Mass spectrometry Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Proteomics

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