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The role of low-density lipoprotein （LDL） and high-density lipoprotein （HDL） in comparison with whole egg yolk for sperm cryopreservation in rhesus monkeys

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第3期13卷 459-464,513页

作者： Qiao-Xiang Dong Sarah E Rodenburg Dana Hill catherine a vandevoort School of Environmental Science and Public Health Wenzhou Medical College Wenzhou 325035 China California National Primate Research Center University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology School of Medicine University of California Davis CA 95616 USA

Low-density lipoprotein （LDL） extracted from hen egg yolk has recently been considered to be superior to whole egg yolk in sperm cryopreservation of various animal species. Meanwhile, there was a notion that high-density lipoprotein （HDL） in egg yolk may have a negative effect on post-thaw survival. The role of LDL and HDL in sperm cryopreservation of rhesus monkeys has not been explored. The present study evaluates their effect in comparison with egg yolk with or without the addition of permeable cryoprotectant （glycerol） on sperm cryopreservation of rhesus macaques. In addition, various additives intended to change the lipid composition of LDL-sperm membrane complex have also been tested for their effectiveness in preserving post-thaw viability. Our findings indicated that LDL is the main component in egg yolk that is responsible for its protective role for sperm cryopreservation in rhesus monkeys. Regardless of the presence or absence of glycerol, the protective role of LDL is similar to that of egg yolk and we did not observe any superiority in post-thaw survival with LDL when compared to egg yolk. Modifying the lipid composition of LDL-sperm membrane complex with the addition of cholesterol, cholesterol loaded cyclodextrin and phosphatidylcholine also did not yield any improvements in pest-thaw survival; while addition of methyl-β-cyclodextrin reduced post-thaw motility. HDL plays a neutral role in sperm cryopreservation of rhesus monkeys. The present study suggests that egg yolk may still hold advantages when compared with LDL as effective components in extenders for sperm cryopreservation in rhesus monkeys.

关键词： non-human primates sperm cryopreservation low-density lipoprotein high-density lipoprotein egg yolk

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The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in people with HIV

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 184-196页

作者： Maxine A.Höft Wendy A.Burgers catherine Riou Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine University of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa Division of Medical Virology Department of PathologyUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa University of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa

This review examines the intersection of the HIV and SARS-CoV-2 *** with HIV(PWH)are a heterogeneous group that differ in their degree of immune suppression,immune reconstitution,and viral *** COVID-19 in those with wellcontrolled HIV infection poses no greater risk than that for HIV-uninfected individuals,people with advanced HIV disease are more vulnerable to poor COVID-19 ***-19 vaccines are effective and well tolerated in the majority of PWH,though reduced vaccine efficacy,breakthrough infections and faster waning of vaccine effectiveness have been demonstrated in *** is likely a result of suboptimal humoral and cellular immune responses after *** with advanced HIV may also experience prolonged infection that may give rise to new epidemiologically significant variants,but initiation or resumption of antiretroviral therapy(ART)can effectively clear persistent ***-19 vaccine guidelines reflect these increased risks and recommend prioritization for vaccination and additional booster doses for PWH who are moderately to severely *** recommend continued research and monitoring of PWH with SARS-CoV-2 infection,especially in areas with a high HIV burden.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 HIV Immune dysfunction Vaccine efficacy Prolonged infection Immunogenicity

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Genomic divergence and mutation load in the Begonia masoniana complex from limestone karsts

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Plant Diversity 2024年第5期46卷 575-584页

作者： Yiqing Chen Lina Dong Huiqin Yi catherine Kidner Ming Kang Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Plant Conservation and Utilization in Southern China Guangzhou 510650China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain Guangxi Institute of BotanyGuangxi Zhang Autonomous Region and the Chinese Academy of SciencesGuilin 541006China Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences University of EdinburghDaniel Rutherford Building Max Born CrescentThe King's BuildingsEdinburgh EH93BFUK Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 20a Inverleith RowEdinburgh EH35LRUK State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China

Understanding genome-wide diversity,inbreeding,and the burden of accumulated deleterious mutations in small and isolated populations is essential for predicting and enhancing population persistence and ***,these effects are rarely studied in limestone karst ***,we re-sequenced the nuclear genomes of 62 individuals of the Begonia masoniana complex(***,***,*** and ***)and investigated genomic divergence and genetic load for these four *** analyses revealed four distinct clusters corresponding to each species within the ***,there was only limited admixture between *** and *** occurring in overlapping geographic *** species experienced historical bottlenecks during the Pleistocene,which were likely caused by glacial climate *** detected an asymmetric historical gene flow between group pairs within this timeframe,highlighting a distinctive pattern of interspecific divergence attributable to karst geographic *** found that isolated populations of *** have limited gene flow,the smallest recent population size,the highest inbreeding coefficients,and the greatest accumulation of recessive deleterious *** findings underscore the urgency to prioritize conservation efforts for these isolated *** study is among the first to disentangle the genetic differentiation and specific demographic history of karst Begonia plants at the whole-genome level,shedding light on the potential risks associated with the accumulation of deleterious mutations over generations of ***,our findings may facilitate conservation planning by providing critical baseline genetic data and a better understanding of the historical events that have shaped current population structure of rare and endangered karst plants.

关键词： Conservation genomics Karst landscape Demographic history Inbreeding Isolated populations Mutation load

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Phenotyping floral attractiveness to pollinators using volatilomics,3D imaging,and insect monitoring

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Molecular Plant 2024年第8期17卷 1164-1166页

作者： Filip Slavkovic Adnane Boualem catherine Dogimont Abdelhafid Bendahmane institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay(IPS2) INRAECNRSUniversity of Paris-SaclayUniversity of EvryUniversity of Paris CiteBatiment 63091192 GifsurYvetteFrance INRAE UR 1052Unite de Génetique et d'Amelioration des Fruits et LegumesBP94.84143Montfavet.France

PLANTS,POLLINATORS,AND BIODIVERSITY:THESTATUSQUO Plant-pollinator coevolution has played a crucial role in shaping the biodiversity of ecosystems that we know ***,plants and pollinators are key to agriculture,contributing to the production of most fruits and vegetables necessary for healthy human ***,over the last decades,there is mounting evidence of pollinator decline all over the world,which constitutes a major threat to food security(European Commission,2020).To pollinators,nectar and pollen are the main rewards:pollen is essentially their only source of proteins,lipids,and vitamins,while nectar is a carbohydrate-rich solution that they use to fuel somatic functions(Ollerton,2021).However,nectar is much more than just a sweet solution:it comprises a plethora of secondary metabolites and volatiles of major importance for plant-pollinator ***,by neglecting these traits and reducing genetic diversity,plant breeding has potentially increased the risk of losing the traits beneficial to pollinators.

关键词： breeding mount vitamin

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Limosilactobacillus mucosae FZJTZ26M3 prevents NAFLD in mice through modulation of lipid metabolism and gut microbiota dysbiosis

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1589-1601页

作者： Danting Dang Bowen Li Mengfan Ding RPaul Ross catherine Stanton Jianxin Zhao Bo Yang Wei Chen State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China International Joint Research Center for Probiotics&Gut Health Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China APC Microbiome Ireland University College CorkCork T12 YT20Ireland Teagasc Food Research Centre MooreparkFermoyCork T12 YT20Ireland National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

Lactobacillus are considered promising therapeutic methods for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The effects of two strains of Ltmosilactobacillus mucosae on NAFLD were investigated in this ***-old male C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups(n=8 per group,Control,Model,FZJTZ26M3,FGSYC17L3).*** FZJTZ26M3 reduced the mice 's body weight,liver weight,and adipose tissue weight after 12 weeks of *** to serum analysis,total cholesterol,triacylglycerol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased after *** FZJTZ26M3 *** pathology showed that *** FZJTZ26M3 was effective to ameliorate lipid deposition in NAFLD ***,the expression of the gene related to lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue was analyzed,and the results indicated that *** FZJTZ26M3 could alleviate NAFLD by regulating lipid ***,the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a drop in the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae,which is linked to inflammation,but the relative abundance of a potential probiotic Akkermansia significantly increased after *** FZJTZ26M3 ***,*** FZJTZ26M3 could be a candidate to prevent NAFLD.

关键词： Limosilactobacillus mucosae Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) Probiotic Lipid metabolism Gut microbiota

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Mass spectrometry-based proteomics technology in pancreatic cancer research

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胰腺病学杂志(英文) 2024年第2期07卷 145-163页

作者： Sun Xue Wang Siyuan Wong catherine C.L. First School of Clinical Medicine Peking University Health Science Center Peking University Beijing China School of Pharmacy University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin United States State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases Clinical Research Institute Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science &amp Peking Union Medical College Beijing China Tsinghua-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences Tsinghua University Beijing China

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has become a significant health concern with increasing incidence and mortality rates over the past few decades. Researchers have turned their attention to cutting-edge mass spectrometry (MS) technology due to its high-throughput and accurate detection capacity, which plays a vital role in understanding the mechanisms and discovering biomarkers for pancreatic diseases. In this review, we comprehensively investigate various methodologies of quantitative and qualitative proteomics MS technologies, alongside bioinformatical platforms employed in pancreatic cancer research. The integration of these optimized approaches provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis and disease progression, ultimately facilitating the discovery of potential diagnostic, prognostic biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. The robust MS-based strategy shows promise in paving the way for early diagnosis and personalized medicine for pancreatic cancer patients.

关键词： Biomarkers Mass spectrometry Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Proteomics

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Adaptation in brain structure and respiratory and olfactory structures across environmental gradients in African and North American muroid rodents

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第1期19卷 165-181页

作者： Peter J.TAYLOR Aluwani NENGOVHELA Christiane DENYS Graham R.SCOTT catherine M.IVY Department of Zoology School of Natural and Mathematical SciencesUniversity of VendaThohoyandouSouth Africa Afromontane Unit Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of the Free StatePhuthaditjhabaSouth Africa Department of Mammalogy National MuseumBloemfonteinSouth Africa Institut de Systématique EvolutionBiodiversité(ISYEB)Muséum National d’Histoire NaturelleCNRSSorbonne UniversitéEPHEUniversitéDes AntillesParisFrance Department of Biology McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Guglielmo and Shoemaker Labs Advanced Facility for Avian ResearchUniversity of Western OntarioLondonOntarioCanada

Morphometric studies of 3D micro CT-scanned images can provide insights into the evolution of the brain and sensory structures but such data are still scarce for the most diverse mammalian order of *** reviewed and new data,we tested for convergence to extreme aridity and high elevation in the sensory and brain morphology of rodents,from morphometric data from micro-CT X-ray scans of 174 crania of 16 species of three distantly re-lated African murid(soft-furred mice,Praomyini,laminate-toothed rats,Otomyini,and gerbils,Gerbillinae)clades and one North American cricetid(deer mice and white-footed mice,Peromyscus)*** studies demon-strated convergent evolution acting on the oval window area of the cochlea(enlarged in extremely arid-adapted species of Otomyini and Gerbillinae)and on endocranial volume(reduced in high elevation taxa of Otomyini and Peromyscus).However,contrary to our predictions,we did notfind evidence of convergence in brain struc-ture to aridity,or in the olfactory/respiratory system(turbinate bones)to high *** structure differed,particularly in the petrosal lobules of the cerebellum and the olfactory bulbs,between Otomyini and Gerbillinae,with extreme arid-adapted species in each clade being highly divergent(not convergent)from other species in the same *** observed greater“packing”of the maxillary turbinate bones,which have important respiratory functions,in Peromyscus mice from high and low elevations compared to the high-elevation African Praomyini,but more complex patterns within Peromyscus,probably related to trade-offs in respiratory physiology and heat exchange in the nasal epithelium associated with high-elevation adaptation.

关键词： 3D morphometrics Africa brain size North America Rodentia sensory evolution

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PETG:Applications in Modern Medicine

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Engineered Regeneration 2024年第1期5卷 45-55页

作者： catherine Yan Corinne Kleiner Aaron Tabigue Veer Shah Gregory Sacks Darshi Shah Vincent DeStefano Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University Stony BrookNYUSA Department of Biology Niagara UniversityLewistonNYUSA Stony Brook University Stony BrookNYUSA Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA

Polyethylene terephthalate glycol,PETG,is a miscible,transparent thermoplastic known to have strong tensile properties,high ductility,as well as resistance to heat and chemical *** may be manufactured in several ways,most notably 3D printing *** such,PETG has emerged as a viable biomaterial for a variety of medical applications such as tissue engineering,dentistry,optometry,vascular health,cardiology,orthopedics,neurology,gynecology,and *** also serves a valuable role in biomedical research and engineering by offering improvements in cell studies,drug carriers,and anti-bacterial *** medical research and innovation utilizing PETG will better characterize its value as an inexpensive and versatile biomaterial.

关键词： Polyethylene terephthalate glycol Tissue Engineering 3D Printing Clinical Applications Biomedical Research

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Structural correlation and chemistry of molten NaF-ScF_(3) with dissolved metal aluminium:TG/DTA,XRD,NMR and molecular dynamics simulations

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3356-3369页

作者： Aydar Rakhmatullin Frantisek Simko Didier Zanghi Zuzana Netriová Ilya BPolovov Ayrat Dimiev Konstantin V.Maksimtsev catherine Bessada Michal Korenko Conditions Extrêmes et Materiaux:Haute Température et Irradiation CEMHTIUPR 3079-CNRS Univ Orleans45071 OrleansFrance Department of Molten Systems Institute of Inorganic ChemistrySlovak Academy of Sciences84536 BratislavaSlovakia Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Application-CEMEA Slovak Academy of Sciences84511Bratislava.Slovakia Department of Rare Metals and Nanomaterials Institute of Physics and TechnologyUral Federal UniversityUral Federal University620002 EkaterinburgRussia Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry Kazan Federal University420008KazanRussia

For the first time,the mechanism of metal aluminum dissolution in NaF-ScF_(3) eutectic melts and the chemical interaction between the constituents of this mixture have been thoroughly studied by a combination of differential thermal analysis(DTA),high temperature and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),and X-ray diffraction(XRD) coupled with the molecular dynamic *** formation of an insoluble Al_(3)Sc alloy in molten(NaF-ScF_(3))_(eut)system was proven,and the chemical mechanism of this aluminothermic Al_(3)Sc alloy production was *** ex situ examinations bring to light the formation of NaScF_4 and solid solution of Na_(3)(Al,Sc)F_(6) in cooled *** molecular dynamics calculations of the bath allow us to construct the structural model and to predict viscosity,density and electrical conductivity of the reagent melt to help to optimize the conditions of the alloy synthesis.

关键词： Scandium Alloy Molten salts NMR Molecular dynamics

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非贵金属修饰的BiVO4光催化剂用于高效直接将甲烷转化为甲醇

非贵金属修饰的BiVO4光催化剂用于高效直接将甲烷转化为甲醇

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作者： catherine Afriyie 浙江大学

学位级别：硕士

开发高效技术对于将甲烷升级为有用的含氧化合物（尤其是甲醇）至关重要。然而,由于甲烷对电子的亲和力弱、极化率低、C-H键能量高,因此将甲烷部分氧化为甲醇仍是一项重大挑战。经典的热催化法需要高温来激活甲烷分子,因此需要大量能源... 详细信息

开发高效技术对于将甲烷升级为有用的含氧化合物（尤其是甲醇）至关重要。然而,由于甲烷对电子的亲和力弱、极化率低、C-H键能量高,因此将甲烷部分氧化为甲醇仍是一项重大挑战。经典的热催化法需要高温来激活甲烷分子,因此需要大量能源,而且对有用含氧化合物的选择性较差。光催化可以在温和的条件下促进甲烷转化,与热催化和电催化甲烷转化相比具有更多优势。因此,需要以一种具有成本效益、新颖且环保的方法合成半导体光催化剂,以实现甲烷的高选择性转化。最近,研究人员将铋基半导体作为二元氧化物的完美替代品。其中,BiVO具有低成本、无毒性和窄带隙（2.4 eV）的特点,在甲烷的选择性光氧化中具有广阔的应用前景,因为其导带最小值具有足够的电位,可将O还原成超氧自由基或将HO还原成羟自由基,从而激活CH。然而,纯BiVO光催化剂的表面吸附力较弱,其光诱导的电子-空穴对很快就会重新结合。因此,本论文探讨了以3-十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）为表面活性剂,制备具有可控形貌的BiVO光催化剂,并用低成本的非贵金属（Fe和Cu）对其进行改性,因为Cu和Fe是众所周知的甲烷氧化活性位点。具体研究内容和成果如下（1）首先合成了单斜白钨矿BiVO纳米片（NNS）,并通过浸渍法和锻烧法用Fe或二聚体Cu修饰得到Fe/BiVO（NNS）和Cu/BiVO（NNS）。催化剂在水介质中与O的光催化反应显示没有转化出CH,这与理论推导相矛盾,理论推导认为由于BiVO的导带最低点的位置,光生电子能够还原O产生·O,从而攻击强C-H键活化甲烷。此外,纳米片形态和表面活性金属（Fe和Cu）催化剂的添加并不影响BiVO光催化剂与O转化甲烷的光活性。（2）作为对比研究,合成了 BiVO的微晶（MC）,该微晶之前曾作为单组分光催化剂用于CH与水的氧化。在BiVO（MC）表面同时修饰了 Cu和Fe,以研究它们对光催化过程的综合影响。此外,还研究了通过将BiVO（MC）与p型半导体（FeOOH）耦合形成p-n异质结作为促进电荷载流子分离的另一种方法。催化剂的光催化反应没有显示出对CH的转化,这意味着无论是否经过改性,BiVO半导体光催化剂都无法通过光生电子激活O产生·O,从而转化甲烷。（3）最后,用HO替代O测试了甲烷在催化剂上的光氧化反应。此外,还在BiVO（NNS）中掺杂了 Fe,目的是用Fe取代部分Bi以最大限度地分离电荷载流子。甲烷转化为甲基含氧化合物（CHOH和CHOOH）的选择性几乎达到100%。在BiVO中掺入铁元素后,形成了单斜-四方异质结构,增强了电荷分离,显著降低了带隙能,增强了可见光范围内的光吸收,增加了比表面积,使更多的活性位点可用于反应,从而提高了甲基含氧化合物的产率,超过了未掺杂的BiVO。本论文的实验结果表明,HO是BiVO光催化剂系统中直接转化甲烷的相关氧化剂。初级含氧产物的生产率和选择性优于大多数有关该反应的研究报告。

关键词：甲烷氧化光催化甲醇钒酸铋过渡金属

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