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Engineering（科研） 2013年第3期5卷 237-244页

作者： Kenneth S. Okiongbo godwin Ogobiri Department of Geology & Physics Niger Delta University Bayelsa State Nigeria

The corrosivity of the top three metres of the soil along a pipeline route was determined using soil electrical resistivity for the emplacement of a conduit intended to serve as a gas pipeline. Fifty-six Schlumberger vertical electrical soundings (VES) were carried using a maximum current electrode separation ranging between 24 - 100 m at 2.0 km interval. The data was interpreted using a 1D inversion technique software (1X1D, Interpex, USA). model resistivity values were classified in terms of the degree of corrosivity. Generally, the sub-soil condition along the pipeline route is non-aggressive but being slightly or moderately aggressive in certain areas due to local conditions prevailing at the measuring stations. Based on the corrosivity along the pipeline route, appropriate cathodic protection methods are prescribed.

关键词： Soil Corrosivity Geoelectrical Pipeline Groundbed Niger Delta

A comparison of the nutritive value of perennial ryegrass,perennial ryegrass and white clover and multispecies-based farmlet systems

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Grassland Research 2023年第2期2卷 129-139页

作者： Shona Baker mary B.Lynch Fionnuala godwin Tommy m.Boland Alexander C.O.Evans Paul N.C.murphy Alan K.Kelly Helen Sheridan11 UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science University College DublinBelfieldIreland Teagasc Environmental Research Centre Johnstown Castle Co.WexfordIreland UCD Earth Institute University College DublinBelfieldIreland

Background:Limited information is available regarding the nutritive value and structural characteristics of multispecies swards when rotationally ***:Three farmlet types were investigated in terms of their nutritive value:Lolium perenne(LP);***+Trifolium repens(LP+TR);and a multispecies sward containing grasses,legumes and herbs(mSS).Farmlets were stocked with beef steers(2.5 livestock units ha−1),grazed on a 1 ha scale to 6 cm(mSS)and 4 cm(LP and LP+TR)***:A greater ash concentration was found in mSS than LP(84 vs.75 g kg−1 Dm).Both LP+TR and mSS had higher crude protein and lower neutral detergent fibre concentrations than *** relative ranking of water soluble carbohydrate and dry matter(Dm)concentration was LP>LP+TR>*** the leaf component of the LP farmlet contributing more to herbage Dm,the organic matter digestibilities of the swards were ***:The mSS and LP+TR farmlets achieved similar forage quality under intensive grazing to ***,it is worth noting that mSS had a higher concentration of acid detergent lignin,which can negatively impact *** investigation is needed to determine optimal grazing management practices that can minimise the effects of higher lignin concentration on digestibility in multispecies swards.

关键词： forage herbs forage quality grazing cattle legumes multispecies swards nitrogen sustainability

Evaluation of Physicochemical Parameters of Biosorbents Produced from Groundnut Hull Using microwave Assisted Irradiation method

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Open Journal of Physical Chemistry 2023年第1期13卷 1-12页

作者： Augustus Newton Ebelegi Newman Tonizibeze Elijah Jackson godwin Department of Chemical Sciences Faculty of Science Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island Bayelsa State Nigeria

Samples of ground nut hull were converted to biosorbents using microwave assisted method [groundnut hull treated with hydrogen peroxide (HP-GH), groundnut hull treated with distilled water (W-GH) and raw groundnut hull (R-GH)]. The biosorbents were further characterized using physicochemical procedures (pH dependence, bulk density, surface area, ash content, and volatile matter, moisture content). The results show that HP-GH has pH = 8.9, W-GH pH = 8.4 and R-GH pH = 8.5 which is an indication that all the biosorbents have the appropriate pH values for the uptake of cationic species within aqueous systems. Surface area analysis revealed that HP-GH has the largest surface area (74.20 m2·g-1) while W-GH and R-GH have surface area values of 29.40 m2·g-1 and 21.40 m2·g-1 respectively. This suggests that modification of raw groundnut hull biomass with hydrogen peroxide possibly instigated delignification of the biomass which resulted in increased surface area for HP-GH. Results from Bulk density analysis also confirm the data obtained from surface area analysis. Accordingly, R-GH displayed the highest bulk density followed by W-GH with HP-GH showing the least bulk density. The variation in pH values among the biomass used in this study may be explained by the variation in their ash content as well because pH and ash content are positively correlated. Hence, HP-GH with a pH = 8.9 has high ash content (117.31%), W-GH with pH = 8.4 has 97.93% ash content and R-GH with pH = 8.5 has 94.26% ash content. Results from moisture content analysis show that HP-GH (99.95%), W-GH (99.97%) and R-GH (99.89%) may necessitate exposure of the biosorbents to moderate heat before use. The results obtained from this study suggest that modification of ground nut hull with either distilled water or Hydrogen peroxide by means of microwave irradiation improves physicochemical properties which may perhaps increase the adsorption capa

关键词： Agrowastes Characterization Physicochemical Bulk Density Surface Area Volatile matter Groundnut Hull Hydrogen Peroxide

A broad deglacial δ^(13)C minimum event in planktonic foraminiferal records in the Okinawa Trough

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第7期47卷 599-603页

作者： LI Tiegang, LIU Zhenxia, m. A. Hall, Y. Saito, S. Berne, GANG Shuxi & CHENG ZhenboInstitute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266003, China godwin I Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China The First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao China godwin Institute for Quaternary Research University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Geological Survey of Japan Tsukuba Japan French Oceanographic Institute IFREMER Plouzane France

The equatorial Pacific upwelling zone has been suspected of playing an important role in the global atmospheric CO2 changes associated with glacial-interglacial cycles. In order to assess the influencing scope of the surface water deglacial δ13C minimum in the tropical low-latitude Pacific, the core DGKS9603, collected from the middle Okinawa Trough, was examined for δ13C records of planktonic fo-raminifera N. dutertrei and G. ruber. The planktonic fo-raminiferal δ13C records show a clear decreasing event from 20 to 6 cal. kaBP., which is characterized by long duration of about 14 ka and amplitude shift of 0.4×10-3. Its minimum value occurred at 15.7 cal kaBP. The event shows fairly synchrony with the surface water deglacial δ13C minimum identified in the tropical Pacific and its marginal seas. Because there is no evidence in planktonic foraminiferal fauna and δ18O records for upwelling and river runoff enhancement, the broad deglacial δ13C minimum event in planktonic foraminiferal records

关键词： planktonic foraminiferal δ13C minimum event Oki-nawa Trough last deglaciation.

modelling and Optimization of Clean and Affordable Electricity Solution for Small-Scale Savings and Credit Cooperatives(SACCOs)

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Energy Engineering 2023年第4期120卷 791-810页

作者： Xiaomei Lin Samuel Bimenyimana ChenWang godwin Norense Osarumwensa Asemota Jeanne Paula Ihirwe Aphrodis Nduwamungu Etienne Ntagwirumugara Athanase Gace Changfu Yuan Yaowen Chen Changtai Li Shilpi Bora YiYi mo Jiyu Lai mabao Wu Yong Tang merit m.Huang College of Science and Technology The Open University of FujianFuzhou350013China Intelligence and Automation in Construction Provincial Higher–Educational Engineering Research Centre Huaqiao UniversityXiamen361021China African Centre of Excellence in Energy for Sustainable Development University of RwandaKigali4285Rwanda morayo College Nairobi999070Kenya Department of Economics and management Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin300401China College of Science and Technology University of RwandaKigali4285Rwanda Fujian Baichuan Construction Technology Co. Ltd.HuliXiamen361021China Haoqi(Xiamen)Construction Technology Co. Ltd.HaicangXiamen361021China School ofDesign Ajeenkiya D Y PatilUniversityPune412105India College of Civil Engineering Huaqiao UniversityXiamen361021China College of Transportation and Civil Engineering Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350100China Highway Southeast Engineering Co. Ltd.Xiamen361100China Fuzhou Sinotom Information Technology Co. Ltd.Fuzhou350001China

Renewable energy exploitation is among the development strategies set by the government of Rwanda on the roadmap to 2023/2024 universal electricity access and theUnitedNations plans by *** previous studies oncleanenergy technologies inRwandahavemostly focusedonhouseholds’usagebut there are currentlynostudies describing the feasibility of clean energy technologies for financial *** skepticism on renewable energy in Africa was previously reported by some *** realized that most SACCOs(Savings and Credit Co-Operatives)in Rwanda use diesel technology for backup/emergency electricity supply,taking consideration of abundant solar resources in Rwanda,having seen the viability and feasibility studies from other countries of renewable energy for different institutions(financial included);thiswork uses theHOmEREnergy Software and the electricity load profile of a typical SACCO in Rwanda to analyse the affordability and viability of on-site renewable energy generation for SACCO in *** results reveal that a solar PV systemwith storage can be the optimal solution(with levelized cost of electricity(LCOE)of 0.713$/kWh which is cheaper than 0.73$/kWh for diesel technology)for SACCOs located in both off-grid areas and grid-connected areas(with 0.041$/kWh LCOE which is lower than the current electricity tariff in Rwanda).The findings in this work can serve as basic tools/materials for policy drafters in Rwanda on how financial institutions can contribute to climate change mitigation through self-renewable energy exploitation.

关键词： HOmER energy solar energy SACCO in Rwanda climate change mitigation

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哈佛医生帮助你降低血压

Effects of left ventricular assist device on pulmonary functions and pulmonary hemodynamics:A meta-analysis

2007年

作者：（美）AGGIE casey R. mS AND HERBERT BENSON m.D

本书从血液循环途径开始介绍构成血压的两个数值的重要性；讨论生活方式，包括调节生活压力、更健康的饮食、体力活动等内容。

ISBN: (数字)9787509111888

本书从血液循环途径开始介绍构成血压的两个数值的重要性；讨论生活方式，包括调节生活压力、更健康的饮食、体力活动等内容。

关键词：高血压防治

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第11期12卷 550-558页

作者： Waqas Ullah casey meizinger Zain Ali Ankur Panchal Rehan Saeed Donald C Haas Eduardo Rame Department of Internal medicine Abington Jefferson HealthAbingtonPA 19001United States Department of Internal medicine University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213United States Department of Cardiology Abington Jefferson HealthAbingtonPA 19001United States Department of Cardiology Thomas Jefferson UniversityAbingtonPA 19001United States

BACKGROUND Given current evidence,the effect of left ventricular assist device(LVAD)implantation on pulmonary function tests remains *** To better understand the factors contributing to the changes seen on pulmonary function testing and the correlation with pulmonary hemodynamics after LVAD *** Electronic databases were queried to identify relevant *** summary effect size was estimated as a difference of overall means and standard deviation on a random-effects *** A total of four studies comprising 219 patients were *** overall mean forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1),forced vital capacity(FVC)and diffusion lung capacity of carbon monoxide(DLCO)after LVAD implantation were significantly lower by 0.23 L(95%CI:0.11-0.34,P=00002),0.18 L(95%CI:0.03-0.34,P=0.02),and 3.16 mmol/min(95%CI:2.17-4.14,Pmean value of the cardiac index was significantly higher by 0.49 L/min/m2(95%CI:0.31-0.66,Pmpared to pre-LVAD *** pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance were significantly reduced after LVAD implantation by 8.56 mmHg(95%CI:3.78-13.35,P=0.0004),and 0.83 Woods U(95%CI:0.11-1.55,P=0.02),*** was no significant difference observed in the right atrial pressure after LVAD implantation(0.61 mmHg,95%CI:-2.00 to 3.32,P=0.65).Overall findings appear to be driven by studies using HeartmateII *** LVAD implantation might be associated with a significant reduction of the spirometric measures,including FEV1,FVC,and DLCO,and an overall improvement of pulmonary hemodynamics.

关键词： Pulmonary function tests Left ventricular assist device Spirometry Ventricular assist device

Understanding of Traditional Knowledge and Indigenous Institutions on Sustainable Land management in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2014年第13期4卷 469-493页

作者： Richard Y. m. Kangalawe Christine Noe Felician S. K. Tungaraza godwin Naimani martin mlele Institute of Resource Assessment University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Geography University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Sociology and Anthropology University of Dar es Salaam Dar es Salaam Tanzania Department of Statistics University of Dar es Salaam Dar es salaam Tanzania Alpha and Omega Consulting Group Limited Dar es Salaam Tanzania

The paper is based on a study whose objective is to provide an understanding of the extent to which traditional knowledge and indigenous institutions for natural resource governance remain relevant to solving current land degradation issues and how they are integrated in formal policy process in Kilimanjaro Region. Data collection for this study combined qualitative and quantitative methods. A total of 221 individuals from households were interviewed using a structured questionnaire;41 in-depth interviews and 24 focus group discussions were held. Findings indicate that the community acknowledges that there is traditional knowledge and indigenous institutions regarding sustainable land management. However, awareness of the traditional knowledge and practices varied between districts. Rural-based districts were found to be more aware and therefore practiced more of traditional knowledge than urban based districts. Variations in landscape features such as proneness to drought, landslides and soil erosion have also attracted variable responses among the communities regarding traditional knowledge and indigenous practices of sustainable land management. In addition, men were found to have more keen interest in conserving the land than women as well as involvement in other traditional practices of sustainable land management. This is due to the fact that, customarily, it is men who inherit and own land. This, among other factors, could have limited the integration of traditional knowledge and indigenous institutions in village by-laws and overall policy process. The paper concludes by recommending that traditional knowledge and indigenous institutions for sustainable land management should be promoted among the younger generations so as to capture their interest, and ensure that successful practices are effectively integrated into the national policies and strategies.

关键词： Indigenous Institutions Natural Resources management (NRm) Sustainable Land management (SLm) Traditional Knowledge Kilimanjaro Region Tanzania

^(99m)TC-methylene diphosphonate uptake at injury site correlates with osteoblast differentiation and mineralization during bone healing in mice

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Bone Research 2015年第2期3卷 92-99页

作者： Zhendong A Zhong Anderson Peck Shihong Li Jeff Van Oss John Snider casey J Droscha Tingtung A Chang Bart O Williams Center for Skeletal Disease Research Van Andel Research Institute Department of Internal medicine Center for Musculoskeletal Health UC Davis Medical Center Small Animal Imaging Facility Van Andel Research Institute

99mTc-methylene diphosphonate （99mTc-mDP） is widely used in clinical settings to detect bone abnormalities. However, the mechanism of 99mTc-mDP uptake in bone is not well elucidated. In this study, we utilized a mouse tibia injury model, single-photon emission computed tomography （gamma scintigraphy or SPECT）, ex vivo micro-computed tomography, and histology to monitor 99mTc-mDP uptake in injury sites during skeletal healing. In an ex vivo culture system, calvarial cells were differentiated into osteoblasts with osteogenic medium, pulsed with 99mTc-mDP at different time points, and quantitated for 99mTc-mDP uptake with a gamma counter. We demonstrated that 99mTc-mDP uptake in the injury sites corresponded to osteoblast generation in those sites throughout the healing process. The 99mTc-mDP uptake within the injury sites peaked on day 7 post-injury, while the injury sites were occupied by mature osteoblasts also starting from day 7. ~mTc-mDP uptake started to decrease 14 days post-surgery, when we observed the highest level of bony tissue in the injury sites. We also found that 99mTc-mDP uptake was associated with osteoblast maturation and mineralization in vitro. This study provides direct and biological evidence for 99mTc-mDP uptake in osteoblasts during bone healing in vivo and in vitro.

关键词： mDP bone TC-methylene diphosphonate uptake at injury site correlates with osteoblast differentiation and mineralization during bone healing in mice SPECT

Ion Coordination and Transport in magnesium Polymer Electrolytes Based on Polyester-co-Polycarbonate

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Energy material Advances 2021年第1期2021卷 48-61页

作者： Bumjun Park Rassmus Andersson Sarah G.Pate Jiacheng Liu casey PO’Brien Guiomar Hernández Jonas mindemark Jennifer L.Schaefer Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Notre DameNotre DameIN 46556USA Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory Uppsala UniversityBox 538SE-75121 UppsalaSweden

magnesium-ion-conducting solid polymer electrolytes have been studied for rechargeable mg metal batteries,one of the beyond-Li-ion *** this paper,magnesium polymer electrolytes with magnesium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide(mg(TFSI)2)salt in poly(ε-caprolactone-co-trimethylene carbonate)(PCL-PTmC)were investigated and compared with the poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)*** thermal properties and vibrational spectroscopy indicated that the total ion conduction in the PEO electrolytes was dominated by the anion conduction due to strong polymer coordination with fully dissociated mg2+.On the other hand,in PCL-PTmC electrolytes,there is relatively weaker polymer–cation coordination and increased anion–cation *** mg-and F-rich particles were observed on the Cu electrodes after polarization tests in Cu|mg cells with PCL-PTmC electrolyte,suggesting that mg was conducted in the ion complex form(mgxTFSIy)to the copper working electrode to be reduced which resulted in anion ***,the mg metal deposition/stripping was not favorable with either mg(TFSI)2 in PCL-PTmC or mg(TFSI)2 in PEO,which inhibited quantitative analysis of magnesium conduction.A remaining challenge is thus to accurately assess transport numbers in these systems.

关键词： magnesium conduction anion