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Special Column on Multiscale Stochastic Finite Element Method

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2015年第2期9卷 105-106页

作者： Xu, Xi F. Stefanou, George Proppe, carsten Wu, Yu Ching Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany Tongji University Shanghai China

In the past decade, multi-scale modelling in mathematical physics and engineering has been growing with vast advancement based on deterministic assumption. Because all information across scales contains a certain level of uncertainty due to incomplete knowledge and inherent chaos with respect to physical laws and parameters, a combination of multi-scale and stochastic techniques becomes a new approach. Incorporation of stochastic process into multi-scale modelling with accurate assessment of uncertainty propagation across scales is highly challenging but essential for a rising number of applications, and in certain areas such models can provide critical insights that deterministic approaches could never predict. In computational mechanics, research topics on discrete-to-continuum, stochastic-to-deterministic, and scale coupling are prioritized as the most significant directions. In the past half century, the finite element method has been a mature and widely-used numerical technique. When both multi-scale and stochastic phenomena are considered, cross-cutting multi-scale stochastic finite element modelling forms a novel research frontier. In this special issue,there are five original research papers relevant to multi-scale stochastic finite element methods or their applications.

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Deteriorated corrosion performance of micro-alloyed Mg-Zn alloy after heat treatment and mechanical processing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第33期92卷 214-224页

作者： Yiming Jin carsten Blawert Hong Yang Bjorn Wiese Jan Bohlen Di Mei Min Deng Frank Feyerabend Regine Willumeit Division of Metallic Biomaterials Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht21502 GeesthachtGermany Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute 400039 ChongqingChina Magnesium Innovation Center Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht21502 GeesthachtGermany State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmissions College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing400044China National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing University400044 ChongqingChina Faculty of Engineering Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel24143 KielGermany

The corrosion performances of the as-cast and solution-treated Mg-0.5Zn samples were investigated in 0.9%Na Cl solution and *** the electrochemical measurement results and corrosion morphology observations,it is found that the corrosion resistance of Mg-0.5Zn deteriorated with the extension of solution treatment *** main reason was the formation of Fe-Si precipitates with higher Fe concentrations during heat *** Fe-Si precipitates,especially the ones with high Fe contents influenced the corrosion initiation and propagation *** regard of corrosion performance,the solution-treated and then extruded sample was also performing not as good as the cast and then directly extruded sample.

关键词： Magnesium Alloy Internetallics SEM Inclusions Corrosion

PEO processing of AZ91Nd/Al_(2)O_(3) MMC-the role of alumina fibers

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第2期10卷 459-476页

作者： Ting Wu carsten Blawert Maria Serdechnova Polina Karlova Gleb Dovzhenko D.C.Florian Wieland Mikhail L Zheludkevich Institute of Surface Science Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonMax-Planck Strasse.1Geesthacht 21502Germany Institute of Materials Physics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonMax-Planck Strasse.1Geesthacht 21502Germany Institute of Metallic Biomaterials Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonMax-Planck Strasse.1Geesthacht 21502Germany Faculty of Engineering Institute of Materials ScienceKiel UniversityKaiserstrasse 2Kiel 24143Germany

This work reports the influence of alumina fiber reinforcement of an AZ91Nd MMC(metal matrix composite)on the PEO coating formation process in a sodium phosphate-based *** comparison with the pure AZ91Nd,the evolution of alumina fiber during the processing and the characteristics of the resultant PEO coating were *** voltage response as a function of processing time was *** voltage in the presence of alumina fiber is responsible for the lower coating *** morphology and phase composition of the coatings are also influenced by the incorporation of the ***,the fiber is embedded in the coating and interrupts the continuity of the *** increasing processing time,the fiber is found to be reactively incorporated in the *** intention to produce a MgAl_(2)O_(4)containing coating is achieved and it is mainly accumulated near the coating ***,due to the low number of fibers,the Al content is overall still low and only near to the fibers the MgAl_(2)O_(4)spinel phase can form.

关键词： Plasma electrolytic oxidation Mg alloy Metal matrix composite Al2O3 MgAl_(2)O_(4)

A Novel Lifecycle Model for Web-based Application Development in Small and Medium Enterprises

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2010年第3期7卷 389-398页

作者： Wei Huang Ru Li carsten Maple Hong-Ji Yang David Foskett Vince Cleaver Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Bedfordshire Luton LU1 3JU UK Exxcom Ltd Kingsmede House Bedfordshire SG17 5DB UK Software Technology Research Laboratory De Montfort University Leicester LE1 9BH UK

Software engineering＇s lifecycle models havc proven to be very important for traditional software development. However, can these models be applied to the development of Web-based applications as well？ In recent years, Web-based applications have become more and more complicated and a lot of efforts have been placed on introducing new technologies such as J2EE, PhP, and .NET, etc., which have been universally accepted as the development technologies for Web-based applications. However, there is no universally accepted process model for the development of Web-based applications. Moreover, shaping the process model for small medium-sized enterprises （SMEs）, which have limited resources, has been relatively neglected. Based on our previous work, this paper presents an expanded lifecycle process model for the development of Web-based applications in SMEs. It consists of three sets of processes, i.e., requirement processes, development processes, and evolution processes. Particularly, the post-delivery evolution processes are important to SMEs to develop and maintain quality web applications with limited resources and time.

关键词： Web development of Web-based applications lifecycle models small medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

Real-time Compliance Control of an Assistive Joint Using QNX Operating System

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2013年第6期10卷 506-514页

作者： Shuang Gu Cheng-Dong Wu Yong Yue carsten Maple Da-You Li Bei-Sheng Liu Department of Computer Science and Technology University of Bedfordshire School of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern University Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University

An assistive robot is a novel service robot, playing an important role in the society. For instance, it can amplify human power not only for the elderly and disabled to recover/rehabilitate their lost/impaired musculoskeletal functions but also for healthy people to perform tasks requiring large forces. Consequently, it is required to consider both accurate position control and human safety, which is the compliance. This paper deals with the robot control compliance problem based on the QNX real-time operating system. Firstly, the mechanical structure of a compliant joint on the assistive robot is designed using Solidworks. Then the parameters of the assistive robot system are identified. The software of robot control includes data acquisition and processing, and control to meet the compliance requirement of the joint control. Finally, a Hogan impedance control experiment is carried out. The experimental results prove the effectiveness of the method proposed.

关键词： Assistive robot QNX system compliance control impedance control parameters identification.

铅冷能源系统中液态金属与铁基合金相容性的研究进展

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材料导报 2020年第5期34卷 96-101页

作者：陈灵芝周张健 carsten Schroer 北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院北京100083 卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院应用材料及材料物理研究所德国卡尔斯鲁厄76344

核电是一种可以有效解决能源与环境问题的清洁能源,受到国际上的广泛重视。目前的商用堆以第二代及第三代热中子反应堆为主,存在铀资源利用率低、放射性废物不断积累和潜在的核安全等问题,故具有更高安全性和经济性的第四代核能系统的... 详细信息

核电是一种可以有效解决能源与环境问题的清洁能源,受到国际上的广泛重视。目前的商用堆以第二代及第三代热中子反应堆为主,存在铀资源利用率低、放射性废物不断积累和潜在的核安全等问题,故具有更高安全性和经济性的第四代核能系统的研究成为当前的热点。四代堆中采用液态铅或铅基合金作为主冷却剂的反应堆称为铅冷快堆,由于液态铅及其合金具有优异的热工性能及核物理性能,铅冷快堆被认为是最有希望率先得到应用的第四代反应堆之一,液态铅也是加速器驱动次临界系统重要的液态靶材料兼冷却剂。此外,液态铅也被认为是太阳能热电系统最有前景的能量交换介质之一。铅冷堆具有可在较高温度条件下运行、发电效率高等明显优势,但也由于堆内的服役温度和中子辐照强度较高,对关键结构材料的服役性能提出很高要求。尤其是大多数合金在液态铅中都会由于合金元素的选择性溶解带来明显的腐蚀问题,结构材料与液态铅的相容性问题是铅冷能源系统工程应用的重要瓶颈。堆内的腐蚀情况包括材料的溶解和氧化、固液两相的输运以及腐蚀产物和杂质之间的反应等,是一个复杂的过程。腐蚀行为的影响因素包括材料自身特点及外界因素,例如材料类型、微观结构、化学成分和表面状态以及冷却剂类型、温度、氧浓度、流速和腐蚀时间等都会对腐蚀产生重要的影响。本文针对制约铅冷能源系统用结构材料发展的基础核心问题,把握材料成分和显微组织特点与其在液态铅中的溶解和氧化问题之间的关系这一主线,就国内外关于液态铅对合金的溶解腐蚀基础问题,金属及非金属腐蚀抑制剂的发展,不锈钢、氧化物弥散强化(ODS)钢、含Al奥氏体耐热钢(AFA)及FeCrAl合金在液态铅基中的腐蚀行为等研究内容进行总结和分析,对影响腐蚀的因素进行归纳,列举材料的腐蚀过程和机制以及相应的腐蚀产物和结构,分析各元素在腐蚀过程中对氧化层的作用及扩散迁移模式,并对存在的问题进行总结和展望,为满足铅冷能源系统关键结构材料的发展提供依据和参考.

关键词：铅冷溶解和氧化氧化物弥散强化钢含Al奥氏体耐热钢 FeCrAl合金抗腐蚀性能

Influence of incorporating Si_(3)N_(4) particles into the oxide layer produced by plasma electrolytic oxidation on AM50 Mg alloy on coating morphology and corrosion properties

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2013年第4期1卷 267-274页

作者： Xiaopeng Lu carsten Blawert Nico Scharnagl Karl Ulrich Kainer Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum fu¨r Material-und Kustenforschung GmbH Institute of Materials ResearchMax-Plank-Str.121502 GeesthachtGerma

The influence of incorporating different sizes of Si_(3)N_(4) particles on the microstructure and corrosion properties of a phosphate-based plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coating on AM50 magnesium alloy was investigated. The experiments for this study were performed in alkaline electrolytes containing 1 g/L KOH, 10 g/L Na_(3)PO_(4) with and without three different sized of Si_(3)N_(4) particles. The corrosion properties of PEO coatings were investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in 0.5 wt.% NaCl solution. Microstructure observations by SEM showed that the surface morphology and composition of the PEO coating were affected greatly by particle addition. Si_(3)N_(4) particles can still be found without decomposition in the final coating due to their high melting point.

关键词： Magnesium Plasma electrolytic oxidation Microstructure Corrosion resistance

Incorporation of LDH nanocontainers into plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings on Mg alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第4期11卷 1236-1246页

作者： Yan Li Xiaopeng Lu Maria Serdechnova carsten Blawert Mikhail L.Zheludkevich Kun Qian Tao Zhang Fuhui Wang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Northeastern University3-11 Wenhua RoadShenyang 110819China Institute of Surface Science Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502Germany Institute of Materials Research Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of KielKaiserstraβe 2Kiel 24143Germany School of Materials Science and Engineering Southeastern UniversityNanjing 211189China

In-situ incorporation of layered double hydroxides(LDH)nanocontainers into plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO)coatings on AZ91 Mg alloy has been achieved in the present *** was selected as Mg corrosion inhibitor for exchange and intercalation into the nanocontainers,which were subsequently incorporated into the *** was found that the thickness and compactness of the coatings were increased in the presence of LDH *** corrosion protection performance of the blank PEO,LDH containing PEO and inhibitor loaded coatings was evaluated by means of polarization test and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS).The degradation process and corrosion resistance of PEO coating were found to be greatly affected by the loaded inhibitor and nanocontainers by means of ion-exchange when corrosion occurs,leading to enhanced and stable corrosion resistance of the substrate.

关键词： Magnesium Layered double hydroxides Inhibitor Plasma electrolytic oxidation Nanocontainer

Influence of structural depth of laser-patterned steel surfaces on the solid lubricity of carbon nanoparticle coatings

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Friction 2023年第7期11卷 1276-1291页

作者： Timothy MACLUCAS Lukas DAUT Philipp GRÜTZMACHER Maria Agustina GUITAR Volker PRESSER carsten GACHOT Sebastian SUAREZ Frank MÜCKLICH Chair of Functional Materials Saarland UniversitySaarbrücken 66123Germany Institute for Engineering Design and Product Development TU WienWien 1060Austria INM–Leibniz Institute for New Materials Saarbrücken 66123Germany Department of Materials Science&Engineering Saarland UniversitySaarbrücken 66123Germany Saarene-Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability Saarbrücken 66123Germany

Carbon nanoparticle coatings on laser-patterned stainless-steel surfaces present a solid lubrication system where the pattern's recessions act as lubricant-retaining *** study investigates the influence of the structural depth of line patterns coated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes(CNTs)and carbon onions(COs)on their respective potential to reduce friction and *** laser interference patterning(DLIP)with a pulse duration of 12 ps is used to create line patterns with three different structural depths at a periodicity of 3.5μm on AISI 304 steel ***,electrophoretic deposition(EPD)is applied to form homogeneous carbon nanoparticle coatings on the patterned *** ball-on-disc experiments are conducted on the as-described surfaces with an alumina counter body at a load of 100 *** results show that the shallower the coated structure,the lower its coefficient of friction(COF),regardless of the particle ***,with a minimum of just below 0.20,CNTs reach lower COF values than COs over most of the testing *** resulting wear tracks are characterized by scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and energy-dispersive X-ray *** friction testing,the CNTs remain in contact,and the immediate proximity,whereas the CO coating is largely *** of structural depth,no oxidation occurs on CNT-coated surfaces,whereas minor oxidation is detected on CO-coated wear tracks.

关键词： solid lubricant coatings carbon nanotubes carbon onions direct laser interference patterning(DLIP)surface structuring electrophoretic deposition(EPD)