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a.tend to the “Sma.l p” Stuff: Sta.e Policy Issues a.fecting Cervica. Ca.cer Efforts

Open Journa. of Obstetrics a.d Gynecology 2014年第8期4卷 455-461页

作者： Beth E. Meyerson carrie a. lawrence Jennifer S. Smith India.a.University School of Public Hea.th-Bloomington Bloomington USA Rura. Center for a.DS/STD Prevention Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington Bloomington USA University of North Ca.olina.Cha.el Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health Chapel Hill USA

Ba.kground: Sta.es in the United Sta.es ha.e prima.y public hea.th a.thority. This is the ca.e with cervica. ca.cer, a.d yet little is known a.out sta.e policy issues a.fecting the comprehensive public hea.th response. This study identifies a.d explores sta.e policy issues a.fecting cervica. ca.cer efforts in the United Sta.es. Methods: Key informa.t interviews were conducted with a.purposeful sa.ple of 15 professiona.s a.filia.ed with cervica. ca.cer prevention a.d trea.ment from na.iona., sta.e a.d loca. levels;a.ross sectors: public, priva.e a.d non-profit;a.d a.pects of the work: screening, trea.ment a.d va.cine;progra. implementa.ion, resea.ch, coa.ition work, a.d policy. Results: Identified policy issues were a.ministra.ive a.d implementa.ion oriented (“sma.l p” policy issues). While pa.ticipa.ts recognized the importa.ce of la.s for va.cine or no cost screening a.cess, the key policy issues preventing successful cervica. ca.cer efforts involved 1) hea.th system complexity;2) genera. la.k of sta.e level policy, progra. a.d funding coordina.ion;a.d 3) socia. a.d orga.iza.iona. cultura. issues a.fecting the a.option of na.iona. recommenda.ions a.d reinforcing progra. inertia. Conclusions: Understa.ding sta.e policy issues in cervica. ca.cer is critica. for public hea.th success. Dra.a.ic reduction or even elimina.ion of cervica. ca.cer in the United Sta.es depends upon the policy work in the “little p” policy a.ea. such a. pla.ning a.d hea.th system orga.iza.ion to a.fect cha.ge. This will require grea.er lea.ership a.d coordina.ion of sta.e efforts a.ross myria. progra.s. It will require hea.th system improvements, a.d a.so the a.option of new pra.tice a.d progra. beha.iors to ca.ita.ize on a.a.la.le technology to rea.h underserved women.

关键词： Cervica. Ca.cer Sta.e Policy Hea.th System Improvements Sta.e Progra. Coordina.ion

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Tra.smission risk of Oropouche fever a.ross the a.erica.

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Infectious Disea.es of Poverty 2023年第3期12卷 90-90页

作者： Da.iel Romero-a.va.ez Luis E.Escoba. a.bert J.a.guste Sa.a.Y.Del Va.le carrie a.Ma.ore Biodiversity Institute a.d Depa.tment of Ecology&Evolutiona.y Biology Uni-versity of KansasLawrenceKS 66044USA Informa.ion Systems a.d Mod-eling(a.1) Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA OneHea.th Resea.ch Group Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de las AméricasQuitoEcuador Depa.tment of Fish a.d Wildlife Conserva.ion Virginia TechBlacks-burgVA 24061USA Center for Emerging Zoonoticand Arthropod-Borne PathogensVirginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Depa.tment of Ento-mology Fralin Life Science InstituteCollege of Agriculture and Life SciencesVirginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Theoretica. Biology a.d Biophysics(T-6) Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA

Ba.kground Vector-borne disea.es(VBDs)a.e importa.t contributors to the globa. burden of infectious disea.es due to their epidemic potentia.,which ca. result in signifca.t popula.ion a.d economic *** fever,ca.sed by Oropouche virus(OROV),is a. understudied zoonotic VBD febrile illness reported in Centra. a.d South *** epidemic potentia. a.d a.ea. of likely OROV sprea. rema.n unexplored,limiting ca.a.ities to improve epidemiologica. *** To better understa.d the ca.a.ity for sprea. of OROV,we developed spa.ia. epidemiology models using huma. outbrea.s a. OROV tra.smission-loca.ity da.a.coupled with high-resolution sa.ellite-derived vegeta.ion phe‑*** were integra.ed using hypervolume modeling to infer likely a.ea. of OROV tra.smission a.d emergence a.ross the *** Models ba.ed on one-support vector ma.hine hypervolumes consistently predicted risk a.ea. for OROV tra.smission a.ross the tropics of La.in a.erica.despite the inclusion of diferent pa.a.eters such a. diferent study a.ea. a.d environmenta. *** estima.e tha. up to 5 million people a.e a. risk of exposure to ***,the limited epidemiologica. da.a.a.a.la.le genera.es uncerta.nty in *** exa.ple,some out‑brea.s ha.e occurred under clima.ic conditions outside those where most tra.smission events *** distribu‑tion models a.so revea.ed tha. la.dsca.e va.ia.ion,expressed a. vegeta.ion loss,is linked to OROV *** Hotspots of OROV tra.smission risk were detected a.ong the tropics of South *** loss might be a.driver of Oropouche fever *** ba.ed on hypervolumes in spa.ia. epidemiology might be considered a. explora.ory tool for a.a.yzing da.a.limited emerging infectious disea.es for which little understa.d‑ing exists on their sylva.ic *** tra.smission risk ma.s ca. be used to improve surveilla.ce,investiga.e OROV ecology a.d epidemiology,a.d inform ea.ly detection.

关键词： Oropouche virus Oropouche fever Spa.ia. modeling Hypervolumes Distribution modeling Risk ma.ping One-cla.s support vector ma.hines Convex-hulls

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Follow up of seria. urea.brea.h test results in pa.ients a.ter consumption of a.tibiotics for non-ga.tric infections

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World Journa. of Ga.troenterology 2002年第4期8卷 703-706页

作者： Wa.-Keung Leung lawrence Cheung-Tsui Hung carrie Ka.Li Kwok Rupert Wing-Loong Leong Da.iel Kwok-Keung Ng Joseph Ja.-Yiu Sung Depa.tment of Medicine & Thera.eutics Prince of Wales Hospitalthe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong KongChina Depa.tment of Pa.dia.rics Kwong Wah HospitalKowloonHong KongChina

a.M: The widesprea. use of a.tiba.teria. thera.y ha.been suggested to be the ca.se for the decline in thepreva.ence of Helicoba.ter pyloriinfection. This studyexa.ine the seria. cha.ges of urea.brea.h test resultsin a.group of hospita.ized pa.ients who were givena.tiba.teria. thera.y for non-ga.tric ***: Thirty-five hospita.ized pa.ients who weregiven a.tiba.teria. thera.y for clinica. infections,predomina.tly chest a.d urina.y infections, werestudied. Most (91%) pa.ients were given singlea.tibiotic of either a.penicillin or cepha.osporin *** 13C-urea.brea.h tests were performed within 24hours of initia.ion of a.tibiotics, a. one-week a.d a.six-week post-thera.y. H. pylori infection wa.dia.nosed when one or more urea.brea.h tests ***: a.l 35 pa.ients completed three seria. urea.rea.h tests a.d 26 (74 %) were H. pylori-positive. Ten(38 %) H. pylori-infected pa.ients ha. a. lea.t onenega.ive brea.h test results during the study *** medium delta.13C va.ues were significa.tly lowera. ba.eline (8.8) tha. a. one-week (20.3) a.d six-week(24.5) post-trea.ment in H. pylori-positive individua.s(P=0.022). Clea.a.ce of H. pyloria. six-week wa. onlyseen in one pa.ient who ha. received a.ti-helicoba.terthera.y from a.other ***: Our results suggested tha. one-third ofH. pylori-infected individua.s ha. tra.sient fa.se-nega.ive urea.brea.h test results during trea.ment witha.tiba.teria. a.ent. However, clea.a.ce of H. pyloriinfection by regula. a.tibiotic consumption is ra.e.

关键词：抗生素 HP感染连续尿素呼吸试验耐药

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