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Protocoled thrombolytic therapy for frostbite improves phalangeal salvage rates

Burns & Trauma 2020年第1期8卷 338-346页

作者： Rosemary Elizabeth Paine Elizabeth Noel Turner Daniel Kloda carolyne falank Bruce Chung Damien Wilson Carter Department of Surgery Maine Medical Center22 Bramhall StPortlandMaine 04102USA Department of Radiology Maine Medical Center22 Bramhall StPortlandMaine 04102USA

Background:Frostbite is a cold injury that has the potential to cause considerable morbidity and long-term *** the complexity of these patients,diagnostic and treatment practices lack *** therapy has emerged as a promising treatment modality,demonstrating impressive digit salvage *** review our experience with thrombolytic therapy for severe upper extremity ***:Retrospective data on all frostbite patients evaluated at our institution from December 2017 to March 2018 was collected.A subgroup of patients with severe frostbite treated with intraarterial thrombolytic therapy(IATT)were ***:Of the 17 frostbite patients treated at our institution,14(82%)were male and the median age was 31(range:19–73).Substance misuse was involved in a majority of the cases(58.8%).Five(29.4%)patients with severe frostbite met inclusion criteria for IATT and the remaining patients were treated *** demonstrated a 74.5%improvement in perfusion after tissue plasminogen activator *** comparing phalanges at risk on initial angiography to phalanges undergoing amputation,the phalangeal salvage rate was 83.3%and the digit salvage rate was 80%.Complications associated with IATT included groin hematoma,pseudoaneurysm and retroperitoneal ***:Thrombolytic therapy has the potential to greatly improve limb salvage and functional recovery after severe frostbite when treated at an institution that can offer comprehensive,protocoled thrombolytic therapy.A multi-center prospective study is warranted to elucidate the optimal treatment strategy in severe frostbite.

关键词： Frostbite Tissue plasminogen activator Amputation Digit salvage Thrombolysis

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Winter is coming

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作者： (author.)Larrington carolyne

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Interaction Dynamics in a Social Network Using Hidden Markov Model

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Social Networking 2018年第3期7卷 147-155页

作者： Davis Bundi Ntwiga carolyne Ogutu School of Mathematics University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

Agents interactions in a social network are dynamic and stochastic. We model the dynamic interactions using the hidden Markov model, a probability model which has a wide array of applications. The transition matrix with three states, forgetting, reinforcement and exploration is estimated using simulation. Singular value decomposition estimates the observation matrix for emission of low, medium and high interaction rates. This is achieved when the rank approximation is applied to the transition matrix. The initial state probabilities are then estimated with rank approximation of the observation matrix. The transition and the observation matrices estimate the state and observed symbols in the model. Agents interactions in a social network account for between 20% and 50% of all the activities in the network. Noise contributes to the other portion due to interaction dynamics and rapid changes observable from the agents transitions in the network. In the model, the interaction proportions are low with 11%, medium with 56% and high with 33%. Hidden Markov model has a strong statistical and mathematical structure to model interactions in a social network.

关键词： Agents Interactions Social Network Hidden Markov Model Singular Value Decomposition

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Histopathological changes in the oesophageal mucosa in Egyptian children with corrosive strictures: A single-centre vast experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第7期25卷 870-879页

作者： Ayman EskANDer carolyne Ghobrial Nabil A Mohsen Bahaa Mounir Dalia Abd EL-Kareem Sara Tarek Mortada HF El-Shabrawi Department of Paediatrics Kasr Alainy School of Medicine Cairo University Department of Pathology Kasr Alainy School of Medicine Cairo University

BACKGROUND The caustic ingestion continues to be a major problem worldwide especially in developing countries. The long-term complications include stricture and increased life time risk of oesophageal carcinoma. Patients suffered from corrosive induced oesophageal strictures have more than a 1000-fold risk of developing carcinoma of the *** To determine the possibility of oesophageal mucosal dysplasia after prolonged dilatation in post corrosive *** This observational study was conducted at the Paediatric Endoscopy Unit in Cairo University Children's Hospital. It included children of both sexes older than 2 years of age who had an established diagnosis of post-corrosive oesophageal stricture and repeated endoscopic dilatation sessions for more than 6 mo. All patients were biopsied at the stricture site after 6 mo of endoscopic dilatation. A histopathological examination of an oesophageal mucosal biopsy was performed for the detection of chronic oesophagitis, inflammatory cellular infiltration and *** The mean age of the enrolled children was 5.9 ± 2.6 years; 90% of the patients had ingested an alkaline corrosive substance(potash). The total number of endoscopic dilatation sessions were ranging from 16 to 100 with mean number of sessionswas 37.2 ± 14.9. Histopathological examination of the specimens showed that 85%of patients had evidence of chronic oesophagitis(group A) in the form of basal cell hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis and subepithelial fibrosis. Thirteen percent of the patients had evidence of reactive atypia(group B) in the form of severe neutrophilic intraepithelial inflammatory cellular infiltration, and 2 patients(2%)had mild squamous dysplasia(group C); we rebiopsied these two patients 6 mo after the initial pathological assessment, guided by chromoendoscopy by Lugol's *** The histopathology of oesophageal mucosal biopsies in post-corrosive patients demonstrates evidence of chronic oesophagitis, intraepi

关键词： Children Endoscopic dilatation Dysplasia Oesophageal strictures Postcorrosive

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科研社交网络中的论文混合推荐方法研究

科研社交网络中的论文混合推荐方法研究

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作者： Ishuga carolyne Isigi 合肥工业大学

学位级别：硕士

随着信息技术的飞速发展,科研社交网络已经成为科研人员交流其科技论文最方便和快捷的方式。但是随着科研社交网络中分享的科技论文越来越多,也产生了严重的信息过载问题。然而,推荐系统作为近年来的一个研究热点,其可以通过向科研人员... 详细信息

随着信息技术的飞速发展,科研社交网络已经成为科研人员交流其科技论文最方便和快捷的方式。但是随着科研社交网络中分享的科技论文越来越多,也产生了严重的信息过载问题。然而,推荐系统作为近年来的一个研究热点,其可以通过向科研人员推荐科技论文,从而帮助科研人员便捷的查找符合其要求的科技论文。目前,已有的科技论文推荐方法可以分为两大类：基于内容过滤的方法和协同过滤方法。现有的基于内容过滤的方法大多只关注科技论文的内容信息,而协同过滤方法则考虑由科研人员提供的偏好信息。但是,由于上述传统的科技论文推荐方法没有考虑科研社交网络中与科技论文相关的社会化信息,在已有的科研社交网络情境下,上述方法都不能很好地向科研人员推荐科技论文。因此,我们迫切需要一种考虑社会化信息,并且结合基于内容过滤和协同过滤的混合科技论文推荐方法。为此,本研究提出了一种结合基于内容过滤和协同过滤的混合论文推荐方法,以避免单独使用一种方法带来的弊端,并且在混合方法中有效的融入了科研社交网络中存在的标签等社会化信息,以期进一步提高科研社交网络中科技论文推荐的精度。为了验证本文提出的科技论文混合推荐方法的有效性,本研究抓去了科研社交网络CiteULike上的数据进行了验证。实验结果表明,与传统的科技论文推荐方法相比,本研究所提出的方法取得了较好的推荐结果,为科研社交网络中的科技论文推荐提供了一个有效的方式。

关键词：科技论文推荐科研社交网络混合方法基于内容的过滤协同过滤

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Factors Affecting Investment Amongst Kenyan Footballers： A Study of Selected Footballers in Kenya

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Economics World 2014年第6期2卷 369-377页

作者： Ohaya Oscar Otieno George Misigah carolyne Kinyanjui Egerton University Nakuru Kenya JKUAT Nakuru Kenya

The main objective of the paper is to examine the factors that influence investment initiatives amongst Kenyan footballers who are locally based. Descriptive research design was used for the research. The population of the study comprised of the players in the Kenyan premier league teams with players on contract. Stratification was done and each stratum a simple random sample was used to select the sample of 94 respondents. The research instrument for collection of data was a questionnaire. The significance test was carried out using F-statistics to compare the means in various variables that yielded no difference in the different variables tested. Coefficient of correlation was used to test the degrees of correlation on the variables which generally resulted in all positive correlations but with different degrees. Generally, the findings were that there is a low financial literacy among the Kenyan footballers, peer and parental had great influence on the investment attitude of the footballers. There is a need to provide extra knowledge on financial matters to the Kenyan football players, the Kenyan football clubs and the stakeholders. Efforts should be done to increase football players＇ participation in the management on personal finances. Immediate measure to incorporate all stakeholders and professionals is used to initiate education and training to football players in Kenya on personal financial matters to help them invest in long-term steady income generating projects.

关键词： financial literacy investment financial management

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Positive Stable Frailty Approach in the Construction of Dependence Life-Tables

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Open Journal of Statistics 2021年第4期11卷 506-523页

作者： Onchere Walter Weke Patrick Joseph Ottieno Ogutu carolyne Department of Mathematics and Actuarial Science Kisii University Kisii Kenya School of Mathematics University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya

Dependence may arise in insurance when the insureds are clustered into groups e.g. joint-life annuities. This dependence may be produced by sharing a common risk acting on mortality of members of the group. Various dependence models have been considered in literature; however, the focus has been on either the lower-tail dependence alone or upper-tail dependence alone. This article implements the frailty dependence approach to life insurance problems where most applications have been within medical setting. Our strategy is to use the conditional independence assumption given an observed association measure in a positive stable frailty approach to account for both lower and upper-tail dependence. The model is calibrated on the association of Kenyan insurers 2010 male and female published rates. The positive stable model is then proposed to construct dependence life-tables and generate life annuity payment streams in the competitive Kenyan market.

关键词： Joint-Life Annuity Life-Table Functions Shared Frailty Model Positive Stable Distribution Bayesian Inference

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关于网络媒体写作的思考

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现代传播（中国传媒大学学报） 2010年第8期32卷 157-158页

作者：李景艳 carolyne Lee[澳] 澳大利亚墨尔本大学澳大利亚拉筹伯大学

本文涉及的是人类使用文字的两种形式——阅读和写作——以及借助于两种对比文体，说明如何塑造后者以使前一种经历尽可能有意义。尽管“以计算机逻辑为基础的信息技术已经使我们的世界网络化了”，因特网引发了人类生存所有方面信息的... 详细信息

本文涉及的是人类使用文字的两种形式——阅读和写作——以及借助于两种对比文体，说明如何塑造后者以使前一种经历尽可能有意义。尽管“以计算机逻辑为基础的信息技术已经使我们的世界网络化了”，因特网引发了人类生存所有方面信息的激增；尽管现在处在一个似乎很多人都推崇图像的世界里，

关键词：网络媒体写作信息技术人类生存网络化计算机因特网世界

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肯尼亚双边投资条约保护伞条款研究

肯尼亚双边投资条约保护伞条款研究

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作者： carolyne Wanjiku Kimuhu（古丽）大连海事大学

学位级别：硕士

在过去的30年中,双边投资协定(BIT)已经成为国际法下对外国投资进行规制的重要发展途径之一。双边投资协定通常由发达国家与发展中国家签订,目的是鼓励和保障外国投资。本文主要讨论一些双边投资协定中包含的保护伞条款。首先,为了更好... 详细信息

在过去的30年中,双边投资协定(BIT)已经成为国际法下对外国投资进行规制的重要发展途径之一。双边投资协定通常由发达国家与发展中国家签订,目的是鼓励和保障外国投资。本文主要讨论一些双边投资协定中包含的保护伞条款。首先,为了更好地理解保护伞条款,本文对其进行了深入的研究,探讨了其概念、性质、趋势、起源以及发展。通过这些的研究有助于更清楚地理解为何在对保护伞条款的解释、范围和语言等方面仍旧存在争议。其次,本文更进一步地研究了肯尼亚双边投资协定中的保护伞条款,并且致力于回答以下问题:若保护伞条款是必不可少的,为何仅有四个双边投资协定中包含该条款?对已有的保护伞条款应采用何种解释方法?基于合同的索赔是否应纳入保护伞条款下?通过分析并试图回答以上问题,本文最终能对这些问题给出解释并减少关于保护伞条款争论背后的混乱。研究发现,大多数国家都选择将保护伞条款排除出双边投资协定,因为保护伞条款并非仅依照协定中的其他权利提供平行保护,它还包含了某些不一定符合公平公正待遇条款、充分保护和保障条款或征用条款的合同义务,从而扩大了协定的保护范围。围绕保护伞条款的争论和讨论还不止于此,本文提出应通过法律检查的方法,明确何种义务应受保护伞条款的保护,并对其适用不同的方法,而非仅通过解释保护伞条款去解决所有的差异。本文得出的结论是,即使在已有保护伞条款的情况下,诸如公平公正待遇条款、充分保护和保障条款、征用条款等对双边投资协定依然十分重要。本文赞同一位叫Sornarajah的学者所提出的观点,以上方法应转化为任何一项普通协定的基本要求,采纳这种平直的观点将消除对保护伞条款采取限制的做法。虽然在实践中可能不会产生重大影响,但对于目前本文的讨论却至关重要。

关键词：双边投资协定保护伞条款合同及协定下的索赔

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Urinary Tract Infection among Pregnant Women at Pumwani Maternity Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya: Bacterial Etiologic Agents, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles and Associated Risk Factors

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Advances in Microbiology 2018年第3期8卷 175-187页

作者： Hellen A. Onyango carolyne Ngugi John Maina John Kiiru Department of Medical Microbiology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Department of Medical Microbiology College of Health Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Centre of Microbiology Research Kenya Medical Research Institute Nairobi Kenya

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) during pregnancy are among the most common infections worldwide and can lead to poor perinatal and maternal outcomes. This study determined the prevalence of UTIs during pregnancy, associated risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of associated bacterial pathogens. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 210 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Pumwani Maternity hospital. Their social-demographic profiles were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Cultures were done from midstream urine and antimicrobial susceptibility testing determined using the disc diffusion test. The overall prevalence of UTI was 15.7% regardless of the women’s age, parity and stage of gestation. Prevalence of asymptomatic and symptomatic bacteriuria was 4.3% and 11.4% respectively. Material of undergarment and frequency of changing the undergarments were found to contribute significantly to the acquisition of UTI (P < 0.05). E. coli was the most predominant UTI organism at (44.5%) followed by K. pneumoniae (21.2%) and S. aureus (15.1%). Almost a half (over 49%) of all Gram-negative organisms showed resistance prevalence against third generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim, Cefoxitin, Nitrofurantoin and Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Gram-positive strains were susceptible to Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, Nitrofurantoin, Linezolid and Ofloxacin. The prevalence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in all study isolates was 96%. Our data suggest a serious resistance trend among UTI strains and more should be done to slow down this trend. Pregnant women should be screened by urine culture and treatment be guided by the antimicrobial susceptibility data.

关键词： Urinary Tract Infection Pregnancy Risk Factors Antimicrobial Resistance ESBL MRSA MDR

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