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Time-dependent impact of a high-fat diet on the intestinal barrier of male mice

World Journal of Methodology 2024年第1期14卷 114-123页

作者： carolline santos miranda Daiana Araujo Santana-Oliveira Isabela Lopes Vasques-Monteiro Nathan Soares Dantas-miranda Jade Sancha de Oliveira Glauser Flavia Maria Silva-Veiga Vanessa Souza-Mello Department of Anatomy Rio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de Janeiro 20551030Brazil

BACKGROUND Excessive saturated fat intake compromises the integrity of the intestinal mucosa,leading to low-grade inflammation,impaired mucosal integrity,and increased intestinal permeability,resulting in the migration of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)to other tissues.AIM To evaluate the chronic effects(at 10 and 16 wk)of a high-fat diet(HFD)(with 50%energy as fat)on the phylogenetic gut microbiota distribution and intestinal barrier structure and protection in C57BL/6 mice.METHODS Forty adult male mice were divided into four nutritional groups,where the letters refer to the type of diet(control and HFD or HF)and the numbers refer to the period(in weeks)of diet administration:Control diet for 10 wk,HFD for 10 wk,control diet for 16 wk,and HFD for 16 wk.After sacrifice,biochemical,molecular,and stereological analyses were performed.RESULTS The HF groups were overweight,had gut dysbiosis,had a progressive decrease in occludin immunostaining,and had increased LPS concentrations.Dietary progression reduced the number of goblet cells per large intestine area and Mucin2 expression in the HF16 group,consistent with a completely disarranged intestinal ultrastructure after 16 wk of HFD intake.CONCLUSION Chronic HFD intake causes overweight,gut dysbiosis,and morphological and functional alterations of the intestinal barrier after 10 or 16 wk.Time-dependent reductions in goblet cell numerical density and mucus production have emerged as targets for countering obesity-driven intestinal damage.

关键词： High-fat diet Intestine Ultrastructure Goblet cells Gut microbiota

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha activation and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition target dysbiosis to treat fatty liver in obese mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第17期28卷 1814-1829页

作者： Flavia Maria Silva-Veiga carolline santos miranda Isabela Macedo Lopes Vasques-Monteiro Henrique Souza-Tavares Fabiane Ferreira Martins Julio Beltrame Daleprane Vanessa Souza-Mello Department of Anatomy Institute of BiologyState University of Rio de JaneiroLaboratory of MorphometryMetabolism and Cardiovascular DiseasesRio de Janeiro 20551-030Brazil Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis State University of Rio de JaneiroNutrition InstituteState University of Rio de JaneiroNutrition InstituteUniversity of Sao PauloRio de Janeiro 20551-030Brazil

BACKGROUND Obesity and comorbidities onset encompass gut dysbiosis,altered intestinal permeability,and endotoxemia.Treatments that target gut dysbiosis can cope with obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)management.Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)-alpha activation and dipeptidyl-peptidase-4(DPP-4)inhibition alleviate NAFLD,but the mechanism may involve gut microbiota modulation and merits further investigation.AIM To address the effects of PPAR-alpha activation and DPP-4 inhibition(isolated or combined)upon the gut-liver axis,emphasizing inflammatory pathways in NAFLD management in high-fat-fed C57BL/6J mice.METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a control diet(C,10%of energy as lipids)or a highfat diet(HFD,50%of energy as lipids)for 12 wk,when treatments started,forming the groups:C,HF,HFA(HFD+PPAR-alpha agonist WY14643,2.5 mg/kg body mass),HFL(HFD+DPP-4 inhibitor linagliptin,15 mg/kg body mass),and HFC(HFD+the combination of WY14643 and linagliptin).RESULTS The HFD was obesogenic compared to the C diet.All treatments elicited significant body mass loss,and the HFC group showed similar body mass to the C group.All treatments tackled oral glucose intolerance and raised plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations.These metabolic benefits restored Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio,resulting in increased goblet cells per area of the large intestine and reduced lipopolysaccharides concentrations in treated groups.At the gene level,treated groups showed higher intestinal Mucin 2,Occludin,and Zo-1 expression than the HFD group.The reduced endotoxemia suppressed inflammasome and macrophage gene expression in the liver of treated animals.These observations complied with the mitigation of liver steatosis and reduced hepatic triacylglycerol,reassuring the role of the proposed treatments on NAFLD mitigation.CONCLUSION PPAR alpha activation and DPP-4 inhibition(isolated or combined)tackled NAFLD in dietinduced obese mice by restoration of gut-liver axis.The reestablishment of the intestinal barrier a

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease High-fat diet Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4-inhibitor Dysbiosis Inflammation

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors as targets to treat metabolic diseases:Focus on the adipose tissue,liver,and pancreas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第26期29卷 4136-4155页

作者： Henrique Souza-Tavares carolline santos miranda Isabela Macedo Lopes Vasques-Monteiro Cristian Sandoval Daiana Araujo Santana-Oliveira Flavia Maria Silva-Veiga Aline Fernandes-da-Silva Vanessa Souza-Mello Department of Anatomy Rio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de Janeiro 20551030Brazil Escuela de Tecnología Médica Facultad de SaludUniversidad Santo TomásOsorno 5310431Chile Departamento de Ciencias Preclínicas Universidad de la FronteraTemuco 4780000Chile

The world is experiencing reflections of the intersection of two pandemics:Obesity and coronavirus disease 2019.The prevalence of obesity has tripled since 1975 worldwide,representing substantial public health costs due to its comorbidities.The adipose tissue is the initial site of obesity impairments.During excessive energy intake,it undergoes hyperplasia and hypertrophy until overt inflammation and insulin resistance turn adipocytes into dysfunctional cells that send lipotoxic signals to other organs.The pancreas is one of the organs most affected by obesity.Once lipotoxicity becomes chronic,there is an increase in insulin secretion by pancreatic beta cells,a surrogate for type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).These alterations threaten the survival of the pancreatic islets,which tend to become dysfunctional,reaching exhaustion in the long term.As for the liver,lipotoxicity favors lipogenesis and impairs beta-oxidation,resulting in hepatic steatosis.This silent disease affects around 30%of the worldwide population and can evolve into end-stage liver disease.Although therapy for hepatic steatosis remains to be defined,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs)activation copes with T2DM management.Peroxisome PPARs are transcription factors found at the intersection of several metabolic pathways,leading to insulin resistance relief,improved thermogenesis,and expressive hepatic steatosis mitigation by increasing mitochondrial beta-oxidation.This review aimed to update the potential of PPAR agonists as targets to treat metabolic diseases,focusing on adipose tissue plasticity and hepatic and pancreatic remodeling.

关键词： Obesity Insulin resistance Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors Pancreas Hepatic steatosis Adipose tissue

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Beneficial effects of losartan or telmisartan on the local hepatic renin-angiotensin system to counter obesity in an experimental model

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World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第4期11卷 359-369页

作者： Francielle Graus-Nunes Felipe de Oliveira santos Thatiany de Souza Marinho carolline santos miranda Sandra Barbosa-da-Silva Vanessa Souza-Mello Laboratorio de Morfometria Metabolismo e Doencas Cardiovasculares Departamento de Anatomia Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes

BACKGROUND Obesity has been associated with hepatic overexpression of the renin-angiotensin system(RAS).AIM To evaluate the action of two angiotensin II(ANGII) receptor blockers(losartan or telmisartan) on the modulation of local hepatic RAS and the resulting metabolic effects in a diet-induced obesity murine model.METHODS Twenty C57 BL/6 mice were randomly divided into two nutritional groups for 10 wk: control group(C, n = 5, 10% of energy as fat) or high-fat group(HF, n = 15,50% of energy as fat). After treatment started, the HF group was randomly divided into three groups: untreated HF group(n = 5), HF treated with losartan(HFL, n = 5) and HF treated with telmisartan(HFT, n = 5). The treatments lasted for 5 wk, and the dose was 10 mg/kg body mass.RESULTS HF diet induced body mass gain(+28%, P < 0.0001), insulin resistance(+69%, P =0.0079), high hepatic triacylglycerol(+127%, P = 0.0004), and overexpression of intrahepatic angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE) 1/ANGII type 1 receptor(AT1 r)(+569.02% and +141.40%, respectively, P < 0.0001). The HFL and HFT groups showed higher ACE2/rMAS gene expression compared to the HF group(ACE2: +465.57%, P = 0.0002 for HFL and +345.17%, P = 0.0049 for HFT; rMAS:+711.39%, P < 0.0001 for HFL and +539.75%, P < 0.0001 for HFT), followed by reduced insulin/glucose ratio(-30% for HFL and-33% for HFT, P = 0.0181),hepatic triacylglycerol levels(-28%, P = 0.0381 for HFL; and-45%, P = 0.0010 for HFT, and Plin2 expression.CONCLUSION Modulation of the intrahepatic RAS, with favored involvement of the ACE2/rMAS axis over the ACE1/AT1 r axis after losartan or telmisartan treatments, caused hepatic and metabolic beneficial effects as demonstrated by reduced hepatic triacylglycerol levels coupled with reduced PLIN 2 expression and improved glycemic control.

关键词： Liver Telmisartan Losartan Obesity Angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor C57BL/6 mouse

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Association of Congenital Heart Defects (CHD) with Factors Related to Maternal Health and Pregnancy in Newborns in Puerto Rico

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 19-31页

作者： Yamixa Delgado Caliani Gaytan Naydi Perez Eric miranda Bryan Colón Morales Mónica santos Biochemistry&Pharmacology Department San Juan Bautista School of MedicineCaguas00726Puerto Rico Hispanic Alliance for Clinical and Translational Research University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences CampusSan Juan00936Puerto Rico Department of Internal Medicine University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences CampusSan Juan00936Puerto Rico

Background:Given the pervasive issues of obesity and diabetes both in Puerto Rico and the broader United States,there is a compelling need to investigate the intricate interplay among body mass index(BMI),pregesta-tional,and gestational maternal diabetes,and their potential impact on the occurrence of congenital heart defects(CHD)during neonatal development.Methods:Using the comprehensive System of Vigilance and Surveillance of Congenital Defects in Puerto Rico,we conducted a focused analysis on neonates diagnosed with CHD between 2016 and 2020.Our assessment encompassed a range of variables,including maternal age,gestational age,BMI,pregestational diabetes,gestational diabetes,hypertension,history of abortion,and presence of preeclampsia.Results:A cohort of 673 patients was included in our study.The average maternal age was 26 years,within a range of 22 to 32 years.The mean gestational age measured 39 weeks,with a median span of 38 to 39 weeks.Of the 673 patients,274(41%)mothers gave birth to neonates diagnosed with CHD.Within this group,22 cases were linked to pre-gestational diabetes,while 202 were not;20 instances were associated with gestational diabetes,compared to 200 without;and 148 cases exhibited an overweight or obese BMI,whereas 126 displayed a normal BMI.Conclusion:We identiﬁed a statistically signiﬁcant correlation between pre-gestational diabetes mellitus and the occurrence of CHD.However,our analysis did not show a statistically signiﬁcant association between maternal BMI and the likelihood of CHD.These results may aid in developing effective strategies to prevent and manage CHD in neonates.

关键词： Congenital heart defects(CHD) obesisty maternal health diabetes body mass index(BMI)

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Hydrological variability and long-term floristic-structural modifications in different habitats of a tropical semi-deciduous forest

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第3期33卷 801-811页

作者： Alisson Borges miranda santos Vinicius Andrade Maia Cléber Rodrigo de Souza Natália de Aguiar-Campos Aurélio de Jesus Rodrigues Pais Wilder Bento da Silva Nathalle Cristine Alencar Fagundes Jean Daniel Morel Rubens Manoel dos santos Department of Forestry Sciences Federal University of LavrasCampus UniversitárioC.P.3037LavrasBrazil Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Natural Resources Zambeze UniversityChimoioC.P.2400Mozambique Biological Sciences Universidade do Estado de Minas GeraisUnidade ItuiutabaAv.Antônio Carlos 6627Ituiutaba31270-901Brazil Department of Biology Federal University of LavrasUniversity campusC.P.3037Lavras37200-000Brazil

Shifts in hydrological regimes alter river flow rates and flood pulses, decrease environmental heterogeneity and the floristic-structural complexity of associated plant communities. We tested the hypothesis that drought events affect plant community composition and structure at a small-scale within a riparian fragment towards a reduction in floristic-structural complexity. The tree community was sampled in three habitats (wet, transitional and dry) and monitored in seven inventories carried out between 1991 and 2018. Hydrological variations were evaluated through annual rainfalls, river flow rates and water level data. The species richness and the detrended correspondence analysis axes were used to characterise the temporal modifications in floristic composition. Community structure was described in terms of biomass: accumulated, growth of survivors, mortality and recruitment. Generalised linear mixed models were fitted to evaluate the effects of time and environment in community. It was concluded that the climate has become drier in recent years due to declining precipitation that has affected flow rates and water levels. The floristic-structural complexity of the study fragment was maintained during the monitoring period. However, prolonged and extreme drought events displayed the potential to impact floristic-structural patterns.

关键词： Forest dynamics Climate changes Semi-deciduous seasonal forest Temporal change Functioning communities

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Analgesic-like activity of perillyl acetate:In vivo and in silico studies

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2022年第4期12卷 156-163页

作者： Renan Braga Humberto Andrade Ryldene Cruz Mayara Maia Carolina Lima Anderson santos Andrémiranda Allana Duarte Marcus Scotti Reinaldo Almeida Damião Sousa Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products Federal University of Paraíba58051-970João PessoaPBBrazil Research Institute for Drugs and Medicines Federal University of ParaíbaCP 5009João Pessoa58051-900PBBrazil Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Federal University of Paraíba58051-970João PessoaPBBrazil

Objective:To evaluate the antinociceptive activity of perillyl acetate in mice and in silico simulations.Methods:The vehicle,perillyl acetate(100,150 and/or 200 mg/kg,i.p.),diazepam(2 mg/kg,i.p.)or morphine(6 mg/kg,i.p.)was administered to mice,respectively.Rotarod test,acetic acidinduced abdominal writhing,formalin-induced nociception,hot plate test,and tail-flick test were performed.Opioid receptorsinvolvement in perillyl acetate antinociceptive effect was also investigated.Results:Perillyl acetate did not affect the motor coordination of mice.However,it reduced the number of acetic acid-induced abdominal twitches and licking times in the formalin test.There was an increase of latency time in the tail-flick test of 30 and 60minutes.Pretreatment with naloxone reversed the antinociceptive effect of perillyl acetate(200 mg/kg).In silico analysis demonstrated that perillyl acetate could bind toμ-opioid receptors.Conclusions:Perillyl acetate has antinociceptive effect at the spinal level in animal nociception models,without affecting the locomotor integrity and possibly throughμ-opioid receptors.In silico studies have suggested that perillyl acetate can act as aμ-opioid receptor agonist.

关键词： Analgesic Biological products Opioid Essential oil Pain Monoterpene Perillyl acetate

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Tribological performance of uncoated and TiCN-coated D2,M2 and M4 steels under lubricated condition

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2017年第8期24卷 823-829页

作者： Luis Daniel Aguilera Camacho santos García miranda Karla Judith Moreno Instituto Tecnologico de Celaya/TNM Apartado Postal 5738010-CelayaGuanajuatoMexico

Hard coatings are used to improve the wear resistance of metals which largely depends on adhesion between substrate and coating.The wear and friction behavior of uncoated and TiCN-coated D2,M2 and M4 steels were evaluated by apin-on-disk test under lubricated conditions.In order to evaluate the influence of lubricant on wear performance,dry friction tests were also performed.The results showed that friction coefficients were very similar for both uncoated and TiCN-coated steels.Under lubricated conditions,the uncoated D2 tool steel exhibited the lowest friction coefficient,but the TiCN-coated D2 steel presented the smallest wear rate.Abrasion was the main wear mechanism in all the tribocouples.Additionally,microhardness measurements were carried out,finding an influence of the steel substrate on the hardness of the coatings.Besides,adhesion test was conducted,suggesting agood adhesion of class 1 between substrates and TiCN coatings.

关键词： D2 tool steel M2 high speed steel M4 high speed steel TiCN coating Friction Wear

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Can small-scale altitudinal gradients predict spatial and temporal patterns in tropical forests?

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 1854-1865页

作者： Mariana Caroline Moreira Morelli Cléber Rodrigo de Souza Jean Daniel Morel Vinícius Andrade Maia Alisson Borges miranda santos Kaline Fernandes miranda Rubens Manoel dos santos Forest Sciences Department Federal University of LavrasCampus UniversitárioCx.P.3037LavrasMGCEP 37200-000Brazil Department of Biology Federal University of LavrasCampus UniversitárioLavrasMGCEP 37200-000Brazil

In tropical montane forests,compositional and structural changes are commonly driven by broad-scale altitudinal variation.Here,given the lack of knowledge on small-scale vegetation changes and temporal dynamics,we address the effects of small-scale variations in soil and altitude on tree community structure,temporal dynamics and phylogenetic diversity in a semi-deciduous tropical forest of the Atlantic Forest Domain,southeastern Brazil.In 2010 and 2015 we sampled thirty plots of 400 m^(2),set up along an altitudinal gradient between 1000 and 1500 m a.s.I..In each plot,we collected soil samples for chemical and textural analyses.We fitted linear models to test the effects of altitude and soil on community dynamics and phylogenetic parameters.Altitude and soil explained the spatial variation in number of individuals and phylogenetic diversity metrics.From lower to higher altitudes,we found decreasing fertility,increasing tree density and decreasing phylogenetic diversity.Altitude significantly influenced the increases in total biomass(from 240.9 to 255.4 t ha^(-1))and individual biomass(from 0.15 to 0.17 t)recorded in the interval.And while community temporal dynamics had rates of 1.96%for mortality,1.02%for recruitment,1.61%for biomass loss and 2.81%for biomass gain,none of them were explained by altitude or soil.Temporal species substitution averaged0.1 in the interval.Altogether,these results suggest that the small-scale variations in altitude and soil likely determine the conditions and resources that drive community assembly and structure,which are expressed by spatial variations along the altitudinal gradient.At the same time,temporal patterns were not influenced by altitude-related environmental variation,resulting in a similar dynamic behaviour across the gradient,suggesting that broad-scale factors may play a more important role than local ones.

关键词： Fine-scale Semideciduous forests Montane forests Dynamic patterns

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The role of environmental temperature on movement patterns of giant anteaters

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第2期17卷 285-296页

作者： Aline GIROUX Zaida ORTEGA Alessandra BERTASSONI Arnaud Léonard Jean DESBIEZ Danilo KLUYBER Gabriel Favero MASSOCATO Guilherme DE miranda Guilherme MOURÃO Luciana SURITA Nina ATTIAS Rita de Cassia BIANCHI Vinícius Peron de Oliveira GASPAROTTO Luiz Gustavo Rodrigues OLIVEIRA-santos Ecology Department Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil Post Graduate Program of Ecology and Evolution Federal University of Goiás(UFG)GoiâniaGoiásBrazil Institute of Research and Conservation of Anteaters in Brazil(PROJETO TAMANDUÁ) ParnaíbaPiauíBrazil Institute for the Conservation of Wild Animals(ICAS) Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil Royal Zoological Society of Scotland(RZSS) MurrayfieldEdinburghUK Institute for Ecological Research(IPÊ) NazaréPaulistaSão PauloBrazil Naples Zoo at Caribbean Gardens NaplesFloridaUSA The Houston Zoo HoustonTexasUSA National Institute of Criminalistics-Federal Police BrasíliaBrazil Embrapa Pantanal CorumbáMato Grosso do SulBrazil Natural Resources Graduate Program(PRONAT)-Federal University of Roraima(UFRR) Boa VistaRoraimaBrazil Animal Biology Graduate Program Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil Animal Biology Department São Paulo State University(UNESP)São Josédo Rio PretoSão PauloBrazil Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of São Paulo(USP)São PauloSPBrazil Brazilian Institute for Conservation Medicine(TRÍADE) RecifePernambucoBrazil

Mammals can show conspicuous behavioral responses to thermal variation,including changes in movement patterns.We used an integrative approach to understand how environmental temperature can drive the movement behavior of a mammal with low capacity for physiological thermoregulation,the giant anteater(Myrmecophaga tridactyla).We tracked 52 giant anteaters in 7 areas throughout the Brazilian savannah.We estimated the distance moved,area used,use of forest areas,and mean environmental temperature for each monitoring day of each individual.We modeled these data with Mixed Structural Equations—considering the possible interactions between our variables and controlling for sex and body mass.Giant anteaters reduced displacement and increased forest use with decreasing environmental temperature,probably because of their low body heat production.It is possible that they reduce distance moved and area used by reducing the duration of activity.With decreasing temperature,forest habitats become warmer than open ones,besides buffer rain and chilly winds.Reducing displacement and using forests are important strategies to reduce body heat loss and the energetic costs of thermoregulation.However,decreasing movement can limit food access and,consequently,fitness.Therefore,we highlight the importance of forests as thermal shelters.With increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events,we showed the need to preserve forest patches to offer suitable conditions for tropical mammals’behavioral thermoregulation.In this context,policies favoring deforestation on Brazilian territory are especially worrisome.Finally,we emphasize the need of integrative approaches to understand the complex interactions between organisms and the environment.

关键词： behavioral thermoregulation biologging habitat use mixed structural equations movement ecology

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