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How completely are randomized controlled trials of non-pharmacological interventions following concussion reported? A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 537-547页

作者： Jacqueline Josee van Ierssel Olivia Galea Kirsten Holte caroline Luszawski Elizabeth Jenkins Jennifer O’Neil Carolyn A Emery Rebekah Mannix Kathryn Schneider Keith Owen Yeates Roger Zemek Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute OttawaON K1H 8L1Canada The Centre for Health Activity and Rehabilitation ResearchUniversity of OtagoDunedin 9016New Zealand Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute University of Calgary CalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4N1Canada Department of Psychology University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada g Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada School of Rehabilitation Sciences University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada Bruyere Research Institute OttawaON K1N 5C8Canada Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada

Purpose:The study aimed to examine the reporting completeness of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of non-pharmacological interventions following ***:We searched MEDLINE,Embase,PsycInfo,CINAHL,and Web of Science up to may *** reviewers independently screened studies and assessed reporting completeness using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication(TIDieR),Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template(CERT),and international Consensus on Therapeutic Exercise aNd Training(i-CONTENT)*** information was sought my study authors where reporting was *** of bias(ROB)was assessed with the Cochrane ROB-2 *** examining non-pharmacological interventions following ***:We included 89 RCTs(n=53 high ROB)examining 11 different interventions for concussion:sub-symptom threshold aerobic exercise,cervicovestibular therapy,physical/cognitive rest,vision therapy,education,psychotherapy,hyperbaric oxygen therapy,transcranial magnetic stimulation,blue light therapy,osteopathic manipulation,and head/neck *** scores were:TIDieR 9/12(75%;interquartile range(IQR)=5;range:5-12),CERT 17/19(89%;IQR=2;range:10-19),and i-CONTENT 6/7(86%;IQR=1;range:5-7).Percentage of studies completely reporting all items was TIDieR 35%(31/89),CERT 24%(5/21),and i-CONTENT 10%(2/21).Studies were more completely reported after publication of TIDieR(t_(87)=2.08;p=0.04)and CERT(t_(19)=2.72;p=0.01).Reporting completeness was not strongly associated with journal impact factor(TIDieR:rs=0.27;p=0.01;CERT:r_(s)=-0.44;p=0.06;i-CONTENT:r_(s)=-0.17;p=0.48)or ROB(TIDieR:rs=0.11;p=0.31;CERT:rs=0.04;p=0.86;i-CONTENT:rs=0.12;p=0.60).Conclusion:RCTs of non-pharmacological interventions following concussion demonstrate moderate to good reporting completeness,but are often missing key components,particularly modifications,motivational strategies,and qualified *** completeness improved after TIDieR and CERT publication,but p

关键词： Concussion Intervention Randomized controlled trial Systematic review

The effects of Park sham needles: a pilot study

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第1期13卷 20-24页

作者： may To caroline Alexander Department of Physiotherapy Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust Charing Cross Hospital

BACKGROUND： When performing clinical trials involving acupuncture, it can be difficult to choose a placebo control. OBJECTIVE： To validate the Park sham needle for use as a double-blind control intervention. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS： Two different methods were employed. First, a researcher blinded to needle type administered the Park sham or a real needle, chosen at random, on the arms of 16 healthy volunteers. The researcher and the volunteers independently recorded which needle type they thought had been applied at each acupuncture point. Second, 19 patients with shoulder impingement syndrome were randomly assigned to receive acupuncture applied with the real needle or the Park sham needle, once a week for 6 weeks alongside a course of physiotherapy. At the end of the 6 sessions the patients recorded which needle type they thought was being used. The results were analyzed with a Fisher＇s exact test. This study was carried out in the Outpatient Department of Physiotherapy in Chafing Cross Hospital, London, UK, on healthy volunteers and patients with shoulder impingement pain. The age range was 23 to 54 and 22 to 74 years respectively. RESULTS： Of the healthy volunteers, there was no difference （P=0.23） between the number of needles that were correctly （n=43） or incorrectly identified （n=53）. All patients thought that they had received the real needles. The researcher correctly identified all needles that were applied. CONCLUSION： The researcher delivering the acupuncture recognized the needle type. However, both healthy and patient volunteers were blind to the needle type. This demonstrates that the Park sham needle is an effective single-blind control. It should be noted that the number of patients recruited was small and the study was underpowered to detect an effect of treatment.

关键词： acupuncture placebos shoulder impingement syndrome validation studies as topic pilot projects

On the Stability of Racing Sailing Boats with Foils

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2018年第3期39卷 427-450页

作者： Philippe DESTUYNDER caroline FABRE Département d'ingénierie Mathématique Laboratoire M2N Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers 292rue saint Martin75003 ParisFrance Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay Univ.Paris-SudCNRSUniversitéParis-Saclay 91405 OrsayFrance

The development of foils for racing boats has changed the strategy of sailing. Recently, the America＇s cup held in San Francisco, has been the theatre of a tragicomic history due to the foils. During the last round, the New-Zealand boat was winning by 8 to 1 against the defender USA. The winner is the first with 9 victories. USA team understood suddenly （may be） how to use the control of the pitching of the inain foils by adjusting the rake in order to stabilize the ship. And USA won by 9 victories against 8 to the challenger NZ. The goal in this paper is to point out few aspects which could be taken into account in order to improve this mysterious control law which is known as the key of the victory of the USA team. There are certainly many reasons and in particular the cleverness of the sailors and of all the engineering team behind this project. But it appears interesting to have a mathematical discussion, even if it is a partial one, on the mechanical behaviour of these extraordinary sailing boats. The nunlerical exanlples given here are not the true ones. They have just been invented in order to explain the theoretical developments concerning three points： The possibility of tacking on the foils for sailing upwind, the nature of foiling instabilities, if there are, when the boat is flying and the control laws.

关键词： Hydrodynamics of foils Mathematical analysis Stability

Spawning ascent durations of pelagic spawning reef fishes

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Current Zoology 2012年第1期58卷 95-102页

作者： Habrun, caroline A. Sancho, Gorka College of Charleston Department of Biology Grice Marine Laboratory 205 Fort Johnson Road Charleston SC 29412 USA

Predation risks have been hypothesized to influence spawning behaviors of coral reef fishes that broadcast gametes pelagically. The duration of spawning ascents of 13 species were measured from video footage at a single spawning site for mul- tiple coral reef fishes to investigate ff this behavior was influenced by varying risks of predation. Fishes that spawned in pairs had as- cents of longer duration than group-spawning species. Duration of spawning ascents did not vary between fishes spawning at daytime and dusk, nor between group-spawning species with specific anti-predatory morphological adaptations. These results indicate that risk of predation may not significantly influence the duration of spawning ascents of pair spawning reef fishes at our study site, while group-spawning behaviors are influenced by predation. Avoidance of egg predation by benthic organisms and female mate choice are more likely to influence the pelagic spawning behaviors of all fishes observed [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 95-102, 2012].

关键词： Reef fishes Behavior Spawning Predation Mate selection

Techno-economical evaluation of membrane based biogas upgrading system:A comparison between polymeric membrane and carbon membrane technology

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Green Energy & Environment 2016年第3期1卷 222-234页

作者： Shamim Haider Arne Lindbrathen may-Britt Hagg Norwegian University of Science and Technology NTNU Department of Chemical Engineering

A shift to renewable energy sources will reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and secure future energy supplies. In this context, utilization of biogas will play a prominent role. Focus of this work is upgrading of biogas to fuel quality by membrane separation using a carbon hollow fibre(CHF) membrane and compare with a commercially available polymeric membrane(polyimide) through economical assessment. CHF membrane modules were prepared for pilot plant testing and performance measured using CO_2, O_2, N_2. The CHF membrane was modified through oxidation, chemical vapour deposition(CVD) and reduction process thus tailoring pores for separation and increased performance. The post oxidized and reduced carbon hollow fibres(PORCHFs) significantly exceeded CHF performance showing higher CO_2 permeance(0.021 m^3(STP)/m^2 h bar) and CO_2/CH_4 selectivity of 246(5 bar feed vs 50 mbar permeate pressure). The highest performance recorded through experiments(CHF and PORCHF) was used as simulation basis. A membrane simulation model was used and interfaced to 8.6 V Aspen HYSYS.A 300 Nm^3/h mixture of CO_2/CH_4 containing 30-50% CO_2 at feed pressures 6, 8 and 10 bar, was simulated and process designed to recover99.5% CH_4 with 97.5% purity. Net present value(NPV) was calculated for base case and optimal pressure(50 bar for CHF and PORCHF). The results indicated that recycle ratio(recycle/feed) ranged from 0.2 to 10, specific energy from 0.15 to 0.8(kW/Nm^3 feed) and specific membrane area from 45 to 4700(m^2/Nm^3 feed). The high recycle ratio can create problems during start-up, as it would take long to adjust volumetric flow ratio towards 10. The best membrane separation system employs a three-stage system with polyimide at 10 bar, and a two-stage membrane system with PORCHF membranes at 50 bar with recycle. Considering biomethane price of 0.78 $/Nm^3 and a lifetime of 15 years, the technoeconomic analysis showed that payback time for the best cascade is 1.6 months.

关键词： Carbon membrane Biogas upgrading Techno-economical analysis NPV calculations

Liver transplantation: Current status and challenges

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第18期22卷 4438-4445页

作者： caroline C Jadlowiec Timucin Taner William J. von Liebig Transplantation Center Division of Transplant Surgery Department of SurgeryMayo Clinic

Great progress has been made in the field of liver transplantation over the past two decades. This progress, however, also brings up the next set of challenges: First, organ shortage remains a major limitation, and accounts for a large proportion of wait list mortality. While living donation has successfully increased the total number of liver transplants done in Asian countries, the total number of such transplants has been stagnant in the western hemisphere. As such, there has been a significant effort over the past decade to increase the existing deceased donor pool. This effort has resulted in a greater use of liver allografts following donation after cardiac death(DCD) along with marginal and extended criteria donors. Improved understanding of the pathophysiology of liver allografts procured after circulatory arrest has not only resulted in better selection and management of DCD donors, but has also helped in the development of mechanical perfusion strategies. Early outcomes demonstrating the clinical applicability of both hypothermic and normothermic perfusion and its potential to impact patient survival and allograft function have generated much interest. Second, long-term outcomes of liver transplant recipients have not improved significantly, as recipients continue to succumb to complications of long-term immunosuppression, such as infection, malignancy and renal failure. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that chronic immune-mediated injury to the liver may also impact graft function.

关键词： Donation after cardiac death Mechanical perfusion Renal-sparing immunosuppression Antibody-mediated rejection

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第4期13卷 214-214页

作者： may To caroline Alexander Department of Physiotherapy Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust Charing Cross Hospital

Thank you for giving us the op portunity to respond to such a clear *** the authors suggest,this study[1]aimed to assess whether the Park sham needle and its device could be used effectively as a double-blind placebo control,within a clinical *** did not validate the Streitberger or Takakura and Yajima *** are happy to make it clear that the Takakura needle has been designed to be

关键词： this Author response

Tracing the origin of large respiratory droplets by their deposition characteristics inside the respiratory tract during speech

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Building Simulation 2023年第5期16卷 781-794页

作者： Yihan Wang Jianjian Wei caroline X.Gao Tao Jin Li Liu Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310000China Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash UniversityMelbourneVIC3004Australia Department of Building Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Origin of differently sized respiratory droplets is fundamental for clarifying their viral loads and the sequential transmission mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor *** talking activities characterized by low(0.2 L/s),medium(0.9 L/s),and high(1.6 L/s)airflow rates of monosyllabic and successive syllabic vocalizations were investigated by computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations based on a real human airway *** k-ωmodel was chosen to predict the airflow field,and the discrete phase model(DPM)was used to calculate the trajectories of droplets within the respiratory *** results showed that flow field in the respiratory tract during speech is characterized by a significant laryngeal jet,and bronchi,larynx,and pharynx-larynx junction were main deposition sites for droplets released from the lower respiratory tract or around the vocal cords,and among which,over 90%of droplets over 5μm released from vocal cords deposited at the larynx and pharynx-larynx ***,droplets’deposition fraction increased with their size,and the maximum size of droplets that were able to escape into external environment decreased with the airflow *** threshold size for droplets released from the vocal folds was 10-20μm,while that for droplets released from the bronchi was 5-20μm under various airflow ***,successive syllables pronounced at low airflow rates promoted the escape of small droplets,but do not significantly affect the droplet threshold *** study indicates that droplets larger than 20μm may entirely originate from the oral cavity,where viral loads are lower;it provides a reference for evaluating the relative importance of large-droplet spray and airborne transmission route of COVID-19 and other respiratory infections.

关键词： respiratory droplets deposition viral load airborne transmission COVID-19

Are University Rankings Statistically Significant?A Comparison among Chinese Universities and with the USA

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2021年第2期6卷 67-95页

作者： Loet Leydesdorff caroline SWagner Lin Zhang Amsterdam School of Communication Research(ASCoR) University of AmsterdamPB 157931001 NG Amsterdamthe Netherlands John Glenn College of Public Affairs Ohio State UniversityColumbus 43210USA School of Information Management Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

Purpose:Building on Leydesdorff,Bornmann,and Mingers(2019),we elaborate the differences between Tsinghua and Zhejiang University as an empirical *** address the question of whether differences are statistically significant in the rankings of Chinese *** propose methods for measuring statistical significance among different universities within or among ***/methodology/approach:Based on z-testing and overlapping confidence intervals,and using data about 205 Chinese universities included in the Leiden Rankings 2020,we argue that three main groups of Chinese research universities can be distinguished(low,middle,and high).Findings:When the sample of 205 Chinese universities is merged with the 197 US universities included in Leiden Rankings 2020,the results similarly indicate three main groups:low,middle,and *** this data(Leiden Rankings and Web of Science),the z-scores of the Chinese universities are significantly below those of the US universities albeit with some *** limitations:We show empirically that differences in ranking may be due to changes in the data,the models,or the modeling effects on the *** scientometric groupings are not always stable when we use different *** implications:Differences among universities can be tested for their statistical *** statistics relativize the values of decimals in the *** can operate with a scheme of low/middle/high in policy debates and leave the more fine-grained rankings of individual universities to operational management and local ***/value:In the discussion about the rankings of universities,the question of whether differences are statistically significant,has,in our opinion,insufficiently been addressed in research evaluations.

关键词： Ranking University China Significance of differences Indicators