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*** activity specific to peripheral emotional treatment induced by a visual steady state

Annals of Eye Science 2018年第1期 459-459页

作者： caroline grand-maître Vanessa Hadid Michèle W.macLean marie-Charlotte Higgins Simon Faghel Soubeyrand Franco Lepore Centre de recherche en Neurosciences et Cognition(CERNEC) Universitéde MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada Département de Psychologie Universitéde MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada Département de Sciences biomédicales Universitéde MontréalMontrealQuebecCanada

Background:Research suggests that the analysis of facial expressions by a healthy brain would take place approximately 170 ms after the presentation of a facial expression in the superior temporal sulcus and the fusiform gyrus,mostly in the right *** researchers argue that a fast pathway through the amygdala would allow automatic and early emotional treatment around 90 ms after *** treatment would be done subconsciously,even before this stimulus is perceived and could be approximated by presenting the stimuli quickly on the periphery of the *** present study aimed to identify the neural correlates of a peripheral and simultaneous presentation of emotional expressions through a frequency tagging ***:The presentation of emotional facial expressions at a specific frequency induces in the visual cortex a stable and precise response to the presentation frequency[i.e.,a steady-state visual evoked potential(ssVEP)]that can be used as a frequency tag(i.e.,a frequency-tag to follow the cortical treatment of this ***,the use of different specific stimulation frequencies allowed us to label the different facial expressions presented simultaneously and to obtain a reliable cortical response being associated with(I)each of the emotions and(II)the different times of presentations repeated(1/0.170 ms=~5.8 Hz,1/0.090 ms=~10.8 Hz).To identify the regions involved in emotional discrimination,we subtracted the brain activity induced by the rapid presentation of six emotional expressions of the activity induced by the presentation of the same emotion(reduced by neural adaptation).The results were compared to the hemisphere in which attention was sought,emotion and frequency of ***:The signal-to-noise ratio of the cerebral oscillations referring to the treatment of the expression of fear was stronger in the regions specific to the emotional treatment when they were presented in the subjects peripheral vision,unbeknown

关键词： Emotional expressions electrophysiology frequency labeling steady-state visual evoked potential(ssVEP) spatial visual attention

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Modelling of resuspension due to fish activity:mathematical modeling and annular flume experiments

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2017年第3期32卷 421-431页

作者： Olya Skulovich Catrina Cofalla caroline Ganal Holger Schttrumpf Avi Ostfeld Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Technion-IIT Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources management RWTH Aachen University Institute for Environmental Research RWTH Aachen University

A spatially averaged numerical model was developed to describe the erosion of cohesive *** with known empirical relations, the model comprises a new formulation for resuspension due to fish activity. Experiments on erosion of natural sediments in the annular flume at Aachen University are used for model calibration. Empirical coefficients were evaluated with genetic algorithms to achieve the best agreement between the model results and the experimental data. The presented model shows sufficient flexibility to account for various sediment properties, including different sediment sources,natural and artificial contaminants, presence or absence of aquatic organisms, and results in an average coefficient of determination, R2=90.5% between the model results and the experimental data. Model validation allows it to be assumed that different contaminants affect bed properties differently. Fish activity plays an essential role in correct resuspension prediction. Further sediment erosion experiments with carefully chosen conditions will allow a more comprehensive model evaluation. The presented model is intended to serve as a building block in the development of a hydraulic-sediment-biota model within the W3-Hydro: Water Quality Event Detection for Urban Water Security and Urban Water management Based on Hydrotoxicological Investigations project that aims to improve the knowledge concerning bioavailability, transport, fate, and effects of contaminants on the aquatic environment.

关键词： Cohesive sediment Erosion Annular flume Numerical simulation Fish-induced resuspension

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