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Old dog,new trick:The PHR-SPX system regulates arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

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Molecular Plant 2022年第2期15卷 225-227页

作者： Debatosh Das caroline Gutjahr CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute No.10 Yuexing 2nd RoadNanshanShenzhenChina Plant Genetics TUM School of Life SciencesTechnical University of Munich(TUM)Emil Ramann Strasse 485354 FreisingGermany

Plant growth depends on the continuous availability of the macro-nutrient phosphate(Pi).However,in most soils,Pi is only poorly accessible to plants,resulting in Pi deficiency and triggering a number of Pi starvation *** strategy of plants to over-come Pi limitation is to form a symbiosis with arbuscular mycor-rhizal(AM)fungi(smith et al.,2011),which occurs with approximately 80%of land *** fungi improve the uptake of Pi and other mineral nutrients and thereby increase plant performance and stress *** collect these minerals with an extraradical hyphal network from the soil and release them from highly branched structures,called arbuscules,into root cortex ***,Pi sufficiency causes inhibition of internal root colonization(Balzergue et al.,2011;Breuillin et al.,2010).The mechanistic basis for this has long remained *** studies have now solved this long-standing mystery and demonstrated that a canonical Pi-response regulatory module regulates AM symbiosis in accordance with the plant Pi status(Shi et al.,2021;Das et al.,2022).

关键词： thereby symbiosis release

Increased proportion of alcohol-related trauma in a South London major trauma centre during lockdown:A cohort study

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2022年第5期25卷 277-282页

作者： Oliver S.Brown Toby O.smith Andrew J.Gaukroger Prodromos Tsinaslanidis caroline B.Hing St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust LondonUnited Kingdom Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of East AngliaNonwvichUnited Kingdom

Purpose:Alcohol has been associated with 10%—35%trauma admissions and 40%trauma-related deaths *** response to the COVID-19 pandemic,the United Kingdom entered a state of"lockdown"on March 23,*** were most significantly eased on June 1,2020,when shops and schools *** purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of lockdown on alcohol-related trauma ***:All adult patients admitted as"trauma calls"to a London major trauma centre during April 2018 and April 2019(pre-lockdown,n=316),and 1st April—31st May 2020(lockdown,n=191)had electronic patient records analysed ***’blood alcohol level and records of intoxication were used to identify alcohol-related *** admissions from pre-lockdown and lockdown cohorts were compared using multiple regression ***:Alcohol-related trauma was present in a significantly higher proportion of adult trauma calls during lockdown(lockdown 60/191(31.4%),***-lockdown 62/316(19.6%);(odds ratio(OR):0.83,95%CI:0.38—1.28,p0.05).Conclusions:The United Kingdom lockdown was independently associated with an increased proportion of alcohol-related *** admissions were increased during the weekend when staffing levels are *** the possibility of further global"waves"of COVID-19,the long-term repercussions of dangerous alcohol-related behaviour to public health must be addressed.

关键词： Trauma Alcohol Lockdown COVID-19 Major trauma centre

A matched-pair analysis of laparoscopic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy: oncological outcomes using Leeds Pathology Protocol

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2014年第4期13卷 435-441页

作者： Abdul R Hakeem caroline S Verbeke Alison Cairns Amer Aldouri Andrew M smith Krishna V Menon Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery St James's University Hospital NHS TrustLeeds Teaching Hospitals Beckett street Leeds LS9 7TF United Kingdom Division of Pathology Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Department of Histopathology St James's University Hospital NHS TrustLeeds Teaching Hospitals Beckett street Leeds LS9 7TF United Kingdom

BACKGROUND： Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy（LPD）is a safe procedure. Oncological safety of LPD is still a matter for debate. This study aimed to compare the oncological outcomes,in terms of adequacy of resection and recurrence rate following LPD and open pancreaticoduodenectomy（OPD）.METHODS： Between November 2005 and April 2009, 12LPDs（9 ampullary and 3 distal common bile duct tumors）were performed. A cohort of 12 OPDs were matched for age,gender, body mass index（BMI） and American Society of Anesthesiologists（ASA） score and tumor ***： Mean tumor size LPD vs OPD（19.8 vs 19.2 mm,P=0.870）. R0 resection was achieved in 9 LPD vs 8 OPD（P=1.000）. The mean number of metastatic lymph nodes and total number resected for LPD vs OPD were 1.1 vs 2.1（P=0.140）and 20.7 vs 18.5（P=0.534） respectively. Clavien complications grade I/II（5 vs 8）, III/IV（2 vs 6） and pancreatic leak（2 vs 1）were statistically not significant（LPD vs OPD）. The mean high dependency unit（HDU） stay was longer in OPD（3.7 vs 1.4 days,P〈0.001）. There were 2 recurrences each in LPD and OPD（logrank,P=0.983）. Overall mortality for LPD vs OPD was 3 vs 6（log-rank, P=0.283） and recurrence-related mortality was 2 vs *** was one death within 30 days in the OPD group secondary to severe sepsis and none in the LPD ***： Compared to open procedure, LPD achieved a similar rate of R0 resection, lymph node harvest and longterm recurrence for tumors less than 2 cm. Though technically challenging, LPD is safe and does not compromise oncological outcome.

关键词： pancreaticoduodenectomy minimally invasive laparoscopic open oncological outcomes resection margins pathology

Systemic IL-1β production as a consequence of corneal HSV-1 infection-contribution to the development of herpes simplex keratitis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第9期12卷 1493-1497页

作者： Joan NíGabhann-Dromgoole Ciaran de Chaumont David Shahnazaryan Siobhán smith Conor Malone Jaythoon Hassan Cillian F.De Gascun caroline A.Jefferies Conor C.Murphy Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics and RSCI Research Institute Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublin 2Ireland Department of Ophthalmology Royal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublin 2Ireland Department of Ophthalmology Royal Victoria Eye and Ear HospitalDublin 2Ireland National Virus Reference Laboratory University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Department of Medicine Division of Rheumatology and Department of Biomedical SciencesCedars-Sinai Medical CentreLos AngelesCA 90048USA

This study sought to identify potential therapeutic targets in herpes simplex keratitis(HSK) patients with active and inactive infection by investigating peripheral cytokine production. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) and serum were prepared from healthy controls and HSK patients during active infection or following treatment(inactive infection). Serum antibody titres were determined by ELISA. Protein expression levels were analysed by Western blot. Cytokine levels were determined by multiplex ELISA. Active corneal herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1) infection resulted in significantly elevated peripheral levels of IL-1β in HSK patients compared to healthy controls, and remained significantly increased following treatment. Elevated production of IL-1β in inactive patients was associated with significantly increased levels of IRF3 and STAT1, key proteins involved in promoting anti-viral immune responses. Our data suggest that inflammation persists beyond the period that it is clinically evident and that enhanced peripheral production of IL-1β may have implications for HSV-1 viral clearance in active and inactive HSK patients.

关键词： herpes simplex virus type 1 herpes simplex keratitis inflammation peripheral immune response pathogenesis

Addition of hip exercises to treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome:A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2015年第2期3卷 118-124页

作者： Kimberly M Morelli Maria Carrelli Maria A Nunez caroline A smith Gordon L Warren Department of Physical Therapy Georgia State University

AIM:To determine if the addition of hip-strengthening exercises decreases pain and improves function in patients with patellofemoral pain ***:The authors completed a systematic reviewsearching eight databases(i.e.,Pub Med,Cochrane,CINHAL,MEDLINE,Sports Discus,EMBASE,APTA Hooked on Evidence,and PEDro).Two independent reviewers screened and excluded studies if they did not meet the following inclusion criteria:subjects had a primary diagnosis of patellofemoral pain syndrome(PFPS),intervention group included hip-strengthening exercises,control group included a traditional physical therapy intervention,study included outcome measures of pain and/or function,study used a randomized controlled trial design,PEDro score was ≥ 7,and study was published in a peer-reviewed *** outcome measures were subjective scales of pain and *** measures were converted to standardized mean difference [effect size(ES)],and a random-effects model was used to calculate the overall ***:Two hundred eighty-three studies were screened for inclusion in our *** studies were deemed suitable for data extraction and analysis.A total of 426 subjects were used in the nine ***,there was a significant positive effect of hip-strengthening exercises on measures of pain and function in subjects with PFPS(ES = 0.94,P = 0.00004).None of the individual studies had a negative ES,with study ES ranging from 0.35 to *** of the high degree of between-study variance(I2 = 76%;Q = 34.0,P < 0.001),subgroup meta-analyses and meta-regressions were *** of the potential moderator variables that were investigated(e.g.,outcome type,hip region targeted,duration of treatment) could explain a significant amount of the between-study variance in ES(P ≥ 0.23).CONCLUSION:Overall,the addition of hip-strengthening exercises to traditional physical therapy produced greater improvements in measures of pain and function.

关键词： Exercise therapy Systematic review Knee joint Physical therapy modalities

Medication beliefs predict medication adherence in ambulatory patients with decompensated cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第40期23卷 7321-7331页

作者： Kelly L Hayward Patricia C Valery Jennifer H Martin Antara Karmakar Preya J Patel Leigh U Horsfall caroline J Tallis Katherine A Stuart Penny L Wright David D smith Katharine M Irvine Elizabeth E Powell W Neil Cottrell Pharmacy Department Princess Al-exandra Hospital The Centre for Liver Disease Research Translational Research Institute The University of Queensland Cancer and Chronic Disease Research Group QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute School of Medicine and Public Health The University of Newcastle The Centre for Liver Disease Research Translational Research Institute The University of Queensland Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Princess Alexandra Hospital The Centre for Liver Disease Research Translational Research Institute The University of Queensland Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Princess Alexandra Hospital Statistics Unit QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute School of Pharmacy The University of Queensland

AIM To investigate the impact of medication beliefs, illness perceptions and quality of life on medication adherence in people with decompensated *** One hundred adults with decompensated cirrhosis completed a structured questionnaire when they attended for routine outpatient hepatology review. Measures of self-reported medication adherence(Morisky Medication Adherence Scale), beliefs surrounding medications(Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire), perceptions of illness and medicines(Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire), and quality of life(Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire) were examined. Clinical data were obtained via patient history and review of medical records. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator and stepwise backwards regression techniques were used to construct the multivariable logistic regression model. Statistical significance was set at alpha = *** Medication adherence was " High " in 42 % o f participants, "Medium" in 37%, and "Low" in 21%. Compared to patients with "High" adherence, those with "Medium" or "Low" adherence were more likely to report difficulty affording their medications(P < 0.001), lower perception of treatment helpfulness(P = 0.003) and stronger medication concerns relative to medication necessity beliefs(P = 0.003). People with "Low" adherence also experienced greater symptom burden and poorer quality of life, including more frequent abdominal pain(P = 0.023), shortness of breath(P = 0.030), and emotional disturbances(P = 0.050). Multivariable analysis identified having stronger medication concerns relative to necessity beliefs(Necessity-Concerns Differential ≤ 5, OR = 3.66, 95%CI: 1.18-11.40) and more frequent shortness of breath(shortness of breath score ≤ 3, OR = 3.87,95%CI: 1.22-12.25) as independent predictors of "Low"*** The association between "Low" adherence and patients having strong concerns or doubting the necessity or helpfulness of their medications should be explor

关键词： Medication adherence Medication beliefs Illness perceptions Quality of life Liver cirrhosis

Cell:研究揭示疫苗中的减毒脊髓灰质炎病毒恢复毒力机制

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第15期17卷 I0001-I0002页

作者： Adi Stern Ming Te Yeh Tal Zinger Matt smith caroline Wright Guy Ling Rasmus Nielsen Andrew Macadam Raul Andino Department of Statistics University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA 94720 USA

脊髓灰质炎（poHo，也称作小儿麻痹症）几乎被根除了。目前，大多数脊髓灰质炎爆发风险并不是来自于野外的脊髓灰质炎病毒（poliovirus），而是来自于由减毒脊髓灰质炎病毒组成的口服疫苗。这些病毒积累突变，从而允许它们在未充分接种... 详细信息

脊髓灰质炎（poHo，也称作小儿麻痹症）几乎被根除了。目前，大多数脊髓灰质炎爆发风险并不是来自于野外的脊髓灰质炎病毒（poliovirus），而是来自于由减毒脊髓灰质炎病毒组成的口服疫苗。这些病毒积累突变，从而允许它们在未充分接种的人群中传播。重新获得毒力，甚至导致疾病爆发。目前。根据一项新的研究，研究人员绘制出脊髓灰质炎病毒发生的一系列突变，

关键词：脊髓灰质炎病毒口服疫苗毒力减毒 Cen 机制研究人员麻痹症

弄清油菜菌核病（Sclerotinia）的侵染,改善风险评估和病害蔓延（英文）

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弄清油菜菌核病（Sclerotinia）的侵染,改善风险评估和病害蔓延（...

Identification of HCV Inhibitors from a Cell-Based Sub-Genomic Replicon Screen

第十二届国际油菜大会

作者： caroline S.Young Peter Werner Jon S.West Julie A.smith Sarah Rogers ADAS Drayton Defra DraytonAlcester RD.Stratford on Avon CV37 9RQUK CPB-Twyford Ltd. Church StThriplownr RoystonHertfordshire SG8 7REUK Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshireAL5 2JQ UK ADAS Rosemaund Preston WynneHereford HR1 3PG UK Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshireAL5 2JQ UK

在英国,要预报油菜菌核病普通发生是困难的,改进风险评估的策略,有助于在适宜的时机更有效的应用杀菌剂。对于改进油菜菌核病的风险评估的计划是研究花器在感染过程中的作用,及确定用PCR探测菌核病方法的可能性。2004年,2005年和2006年... 详细信息

在英国,要预报油菜菌核病普通发生是困难的,改进风险评估的策略,有助于在适宜的时机更有效的应用杀菌剂。对于改进油菜菌核病的风险评估的计划是研究花器在感染过程中的作用,及确定用PCR探测菌核病方法的可能性。2004年,2005年和2006年在洛桑实验站大田小区中种植了有花瓣和无花瓣的近等基因系（NILS）,用PCR和显微镜对其样本的分析表明子襄孢子多数存在是在开花期,尽管每个季节、数目有变化。每年在花器的早期、中期和晚期进行取样,用琼脂平板和PCR的方法进行测定。一般说来,所有年份,无花瓣的近等基因系比有花瓣的近等基因系更多的雄蕊呈阳性。根据琼脂平板分析,即2004年晚期花朵中,与33%无花瓣相比较,38%的有花瓣近等基因系呈阳性,16%有花瓣雄蕊呈阳性。因此,花瓣对雄蕊有遮盖作用,免受从空气传播的菌核病子襄孢子的侵害。在单片叶的叶脉中的花器进行计数表明,有花瓣的花器,所有或更多花瓣都粘在叶上。环境有利于花器粘附到叶上和茎上,引起病菌感染是重要的。三年中,两个近等基因学（有花瓣和无花瓣）茎杆感染的数无明显差异。另一对姊妹双单倍体系表现是,仅在2006年有花瓣者茎腐达21%,无花瓣仅3%。

关键词： Sclerotinia sclerotiorum oilseed rape apetalous petal stick disease forecasting

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Open Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2013年第1期3卷 16-25页

作者： David C. Pryde Thien-Duc Tran Mark Gardner Chris Pickford Stephen M. Shaw Mike Westby Tanya Parkinson caroline smith-Burchnell Rob Webster Satish Dayal Anti-Infectives Research Unit Pfizer Global Research and Develoapment Sandwich UK Anti-Infectives Research Unit Pfizer Global Research and Development Sandwich UK Pharmacokinetics Dynamics and Metabolism Pfizer Global Research and Development Sandwich UK Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry Pfizer Global Research and Development Sandwich UK

A high throughput screen of the Pfizer compound collection was carried out using a hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1b subgenomic replicon cell line. Those confirmed hits that demonstrated broad spectrum activity without overt cytotoxicity were further evaluated, leading to the identification of a series of pyrrolopyridines with excellent antiviral activity in a fully infectious HCV cell-based assay and pharmacokinetic properties.

关键词： HCV Replicon Antiviral Cell-Based Screen