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Revisiting the liver’s role in transplant alloimmunity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第25期25卷 3123-3135页

作者： Nitin Abrol caroline c jadlowiec Timucin Taner William J.von Liebig center for Transplantation and clinical Regeneration Massyo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Transplant center Mayo ClinicPhoenixAZ 85259United States

The transplanted liver can modulate the recipient immune system to induce tolerance after *** phenomenon was observed nearly five decades ***,the liver’s role in multivisceral transplantation was recognized,as it has a protective role in preventing rejection of simultaneously transplanted solid organs such as kidney and *** liver has a unique architecture and is home to many cells involved in immunity and *** transplantation,these cells migrate from the liver into the *** studies identified chimerism as an important mechanism by which the liver modulates the human immune *** studies on human T-cell subtypes,cytokine expression,and gene expression in the allograft have expanded our knowledge on the potential mechanisms underlying *** this article,we discuss the privileged state of liver transplantation compared to other solid organ transplantation,the liver allograft’s role in multivisceral transplantation,various cells in the liver involved in immune responses,and the potential mechanisms underlying immunomodulation of host alloresponses.

关键词： Liver transplantation Alloimmunity Liver-kidney transplant Tolerance Rejection

Hepatitis E in solid organ transplant recipients:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第12期27卷 1240-1254页

作者： Panupong Hansrivijit Angkawipa Trongtorsak Max M Puthenpura Boonphiphop Boonpheng charat Thongprayoon Karn Wijarnpreecha Avishek choudhury Wisit Kaewput Shennen A Mao Michael A Mao caroline c jadlowiec Wisit cheungpasitporn Department of Internal Medicine UPMC PinnacleHarrisburgPA 17104United States Department of Internal Medicine Amita Health Saint Francis HospitalEvanstonIL 60202United States Department of Medicine Drexel University College of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19129United States David Geffen School of Medicine University of CaliforniaLos AngelesDivision of NephrologyLos AngelesCA 90095United States Department of Internal Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic College of MedicineJacksonvilleFL 32224United States School of Systems and Enterprises Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJ 07030United States Department of Military and community Medicine Phramongkutklao College of MedicineBangkok 10400Thailand Department of Transplant Surgery Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224United States Department of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224United States Department of Transplant center Mayo ClinicScottsdaleAZ 85259United States Department of Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BAcKGROUND Hepatitis E virus(HEV)infection is underdiagnosed due to the use of serological assays with low *** most patients with HEV recover completely,HEV infection among patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease and organ-transplant recipients on immunosuppressive therapy can result in decompensated liver disease and *** To demonstrate the prevalence of HEV infection in solid organ transplant(SOT)*** We searched Ovid MEDLINE,EMBASE,and the cochrane Library for eligible articles through October *** inclusion criteria consisted of adult patients with history of *** infection is confirmed by either HEV-immunoglobulin G,HEV-immunoglobulin M,or HEV RNA *** Of 563 citations,a total of 22 studies(n=4557)were included in this *** pooled estimated prevalence of HEV infection in SOT patients was 20.2%[95%confidence interval(cI):14.9-26.8].The pooled estimated prevalence of HEV infection for each organ transplant was as follows:liver(27.2%;95%cI:20.0-35.8),kidney(12.8%;95%cI:9.3-17.3),heart(12.8%;95%cI:9.3-17.3),and lung(5.6%;95%cI:1.6-17.9).comparison across organ transplants demonstrated statistical significance(Q=16.721,P=0.002).The subgroup analyses showed that the prevalence of HEV infection among SOT recipients was significantly higher in middle-income countries compared to high-income *** pooled estimated prevalence of de novo HEV infection was 5.1%(95%cI:2.6-9.6)and the pooled estimated prevalence of acute HEV infection was 4.3%(95%cI:1.9-9.4).cONcLUSION HEV infection is common in SOT recipients,particularly in middle-income *** prevalence of HEV infection in lung transplant recipients is considerably less common than other organ *** studies examining the clinical impacts of HEV infection in SOT recipients,such as graft failure,rejection,and mortality are warranted.

关键词： Hepatitis E virus Hepatitis E virus infection Solid organ transplant Prevalence

In-hospital mortality of hepatorenal syndrome in the United States:Nationwide inpatient sample

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第45期27卷 7831-7843页

作者： Wisit Kaewput charat Thongprayoon carissa Y Dumancas Swetha R Kanduri Karthik Kovvuru chalermrat Kaewput Pattharawin Pattharanitima Tananchai Petnak Ploypin Lertjitbanjong Boonphiphop Boonpheng Karn Wijarnpreecha Jose L Zabala Genovez Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula caroline c jadlowiec Fawad Qureshi Wisit cheungpasitporn Department of Military and community Medicine Phramongkutklao College of MedicineBangkok 10400Thailand Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Division of Nephrology Department of MedicineOchsner Clinic FoundationNew OrleansLA 70121United States Division of Nuclear Medicine Department of RadiologyFaculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok 10400Thailand Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineThammasat UniversityPathum Thani 12121Thailand Division of Pulmonary and Pulmonary critical care Medicine Faculty of MedicineRamathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok 10400Thailand Division of Pulmonary Critical Careand Sleep MedicineUniversity of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTN 13326United States Division of Nephrology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States Section of cardiovascular Medicine Department of MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27101United States Division of Transplant Surgery Mayo ClinicPhoenixAZ 85054United States Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BAcKGROUND Hepatorenal syndrome(HRS)is a life-threatening condition among patients with advanced liver *** trends specific to hospital mortality and hospital admission resource utilization for HRS remain *** To assess the temporal trend in mortality and identify the predictors for mortality among hospital admissions for HRS in the United *** We used the National Inpatient Sample database to identify an unweighted sample of 4938 hospital admissions for HRS from 2005 to 2014(weighted sample of 23973 admissions).The primary outcomes were temporal trends in mortality as well as predictors for hospital *** estimated odds ratios from multilevel mixed effect logistic regression to identify patient characteristics and treatments associated with hospital *** Overall hospital mortality was 32%.Hospital mortality decreased from 44%in 2005 to 24%in 2014(Pcrease in the rate of liver transplantation(P=0.02),renal replacement therapy(Pcost(Pcohol use,coagulopathy,neurological disorder,and need for mechanical ventilation predicted higher hospital mortality,whereas liver transplantation,transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt,and abdominal paracentesis were associated with lower hospital *** Although there was an increase in resource utilizations,hospital mortality among patients admitted for HRS significantly *** predictors for hospital mortality were identified.

关键词： Hepatorenal syndrome Liver transplantation Mortality Nationwide Big data Hospitalization Outcomes Predictors

Like or dislike:Response of rodents to the odor of plant secondary metabolites

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第5期12卷 428-436页

作者： Sabine c.HANSEN caroline STOLTER christian IMHOLT Jens JAcOB Julius-Kühn Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and Forests Vertebrate ResearchMünsterGermany University Hamburg Biocenter Grindel and Zoological MuseumHamburgGermany

Rodents,including common voles(Microtus arvalis)and house mice(Mus musculus)cause immense pre-harvest and post-harvest ***,developing methods that mitigate these losses while maintaining their role in ecosystems is a *** plant secondary metabolites(PSM)which significantly reduce food intake of both species under laboratory conditions have been ***,before these can be used in rodent pest management,they must be tested under more natural conditions where other food sources are *** this study,the odors of 4 PSMs were evaluated for their repellent effects in experiments conducted in semi-natural *** treated with PSMs or untreated soil(experimental control)was placed in an underground box containing food(rolled oats).We quantified the number of visits to each box and could demonstrate that all 4 PSMs reduced the number of visits to treatment boxes in both rodent *** common voles the combination of methyl nonyl ketone+black pepper oil was the most repellent *** mice made fewer visits to all PSM boxes;boxes with the anthraquinone were visited ***,house mice consumed less food from boxes containing soil treated with all 4 *** results suggest that PSMs are repellent in murid and microtine rodents under semi-field *** addition,the future use of PSM odors for repelling both pest species,especially house mice,seems *** investigations with other PSMs,different concentrations as well as alternative application methods are needed to repel common voles from attractive crops.

关键词： enclosure trials odor plant secondary metabolites repellents rodents

Novel heart valve leaflet designs with stiff polymeric materials and biomimetic kinematics

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第6期7卷 1018-1034页

作者： caroline c.Smid Georgios A.Pappas Nikola cesarovic Volkmar Falk Paolo Ermanni Laboratory of composite Materials and Adaptive Structures ETH ZürichLeonhardstrasse 218092 ZürichSwitzerland Translational cardiovascular Technologies ETH ZürichLeopold-Ruzicka-Weg 48093 ZürichSwitzerland Department for cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Deutsches Herzzentrum der CharitéCharitéUniversitätsmedizin BerlinAugustenburger Pl.113353 BerlinGermany German center for cardiovascular Research(DZHK) Partner Site BerlinAugustenburger Pl.113353 BerlinGermany

Despite continuous efforts to improve the robustness of cardiac valve implants,neither bioprosthetic nor mechanical valves fulfill both hemodynamic and durability *** study discussed novel flexible leaflet designs,focusing on polymeric materials with proven hemocompatibility,such as polyether ether ketone,of much higher stiffness than native tissue,aiming at optimal valve implants.A biomimetic valve with a single-curvature belly-curve(B-c)was used as a reference for new design variants with a double-curvature B-c with varying ***(13.2 MPa)and stiff(2.4 GPa)leaflet materials and different thicknesses were studied using lean simulations and in vitro experiments under physiologic hemodynamic *** performance was assessed using opening pressure(OP)and orifice area(OA).The latter was determined by a newly developed automatized image processing *** trends are in agreement with simulations and demonstrated that a buckling-inspired double-curvature leaflet design significantly enhances the trileaflet valve opening behavior,which is particularly advantageous for stiffer leaflet *** to the reference,the best-performing variant showed an OP improvement of 47%and 44%based on simulations and experiments,*** contrast,the achieved mean pressure differential was directly comparable to state-of-the-art bioprosthetic *** OA was slightly reduced for new variants but still in the satisfying range.

关键词： Fully polymeric heart valve Parametric leaflet design Finite element analysis Leaflet kinematics In vitro testing

Effect of natural organic matter on thallium and silver speciation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第7期32卷 185-192页

作者： Loïc A.Martin caroline Simonucci Sétareh Rad Marc F.Benedetti Universitéde Paris Institut de physique du globe de ParisCNRSF-75005 ParisFrance IRSN PSE-ENV/SIRSE/LER-NordBP 1792262 Fontenay-aux-Roses CedexFrance catchment and Eco-Hydrology Research Group Luxembourg Institute of Science and TechnologyL-4422 BelvauxLuxembourg BRGM Unitéde Géomicrobiologie et Monitoring Environnemental45060 Orléans Cedex 2France

Natural organic matter(NOM)is known to play an important role in the transport and binding of trace metal elements in aquatic and soil *** is a pollutant for which the extent of the role played by NOM is poorly ***,this study investigates thallium(Ⅰ)and its complexation to a purified humic substance as proxy for *** were performed with the Donnan Membrane Technique to separate,for the first time,the free Tl^+ion from its complexed form in the bulk *** pH and concentrations were investigated at constant ionic strength and constant NOM proxy concentrations in *** results were described with NIcA-Donnan *** complexation was compared to silver complexation using literature data and using the same NIcA-Donnan *** for these two cations(Tl^+and Ag^+)are reported in this article,for the first *** display low thallium complexation to the NOM proxy while silver competes with divalent cations for the NOM binding *** speciation for dissolved thallium highlights the dominance of free thallium(Tl^+)in solution whereas Tl-NOM complexes contribute roughly 15%to total Tl(Ⅰ)species in river and lake type *** results are obtained for soil solutions,Tl-bound to NOMchemistry.

关键词： Thallium Organic matter Speciation NIcA-Donnan model Soil Water

Shifts in phenology of autumn migration and wing length among reedbed passerines along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway

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Avian Research 2022年第3期13卷 275-284页

作者： John A.Allcock Timothy c.Bonebrake Yik Hei Sung caroline Dingle School of Biological Sciences Kadoorie Biological Sciences BuildingThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong SARChina Science Unit Lingnan UniversityHong Kong SARChina

climate change impacts bird migration phenology,causing changes in departure and arrival dates,leading to potential mismatches between migration and other key seasonal *** the impacts of climate change on arrival at breeding grounds have been relatively well documented,little is known about the impacts of climate change on post-breeding migration,especially at stopover *** we use long-term(11 years)banding data(11,118 captures)from 7 species at Mai Po Marshes Nature Reserve in Hong Kong,a key stopover site for migratory birds along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway,to describe long-term changes in migration phenology and to compare observed changes to annual weather *** also examine changes in wing length over a longer time period(1985–2020)as wing length often correlates positively with migration *** found that observed changes in migratory phenology vary by species;three species had later estimated arrival(by 1.8 days per year),peak(by 2.6 days per year)or departure(by 2.5 days per year),one showed an earlier peak date(by 1.8days per year)and two showed longer duration of passage(2.7 days longer and 3.2 days longer per year).Three species exhibited no long-term change in migration *** two of the four species with shifting phenology,temperature was an important predictor of changing peak date,departure dates and duration of *** length was shorter in three species and longer in two species,but these changes did not correlate with observed phenological *** complex changes observed here are indicative of the challenges concerning the detection of climate change in migratory stopover *** monitoring and a better understanding of the dynamics of all sites in the migratory pathway will aid conservation of these species under global change.

关键词： Autumn migration climate change East Asian–Australasian flyway Passerines Phenology Reedbed

Old dog,new trick:The PHR-SPX system regulates arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

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Molecular Plant 2022年第2期15卷 225-227页

作者： Debatosh Das caroline Gutjahr cUHK Shenzhen Research Institute No.10 Yuexing 2nd RoadNanshanShenzhenChina Plant Genetics TUM School of Life SciencesTechnical University of Munich(TUM)Emil Ramann Strasse 485354 FreisingGermany

Plant growth depends on the continuous availability of the macro-nutrient phosphate(Pi).However,in most soils,Pi is only poorly accessible to plants,resulting in Pi deficiency and triggering a number of Pi starvation *** strategy of plants to over-come Pi limitation is to form a symbiosis with arbuscular mycor-rhizal(AM)fungi(Smith et al.,2011),which occurs with approximately 80%of land *** fungi improve the uptake of Pi and other mineral nutrients and thereby increase plant performance and stress *** collect these minerals with an extraradical hyphal network from the soil and release them from highly branched structures,called arbuscules,into root cortex ***,Pi sufficiency causes inhibition of internal root colonization(Balzergue et al.,2011;Breuillin et al.,2010).The mechanistic basis for this has long remained *** studies have now solved this long-standing mystery and demonstrated that a canonical Pi-response regulatory module regulates AM symbiosis in accordance with the plant Pi status(Shi et al.,2021;Das et al.,2022).

关键词： thereby symbiosis release

The influence of resistance exercise training prescription variables on skeletal muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy adults:An umbrella review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 47-60页

作者： Jonathan c.Mcleod Brad S.currier caroline V.Lowisz Stuart M.Phillips Department of Kinesiology Faculty of ScienceMcMaster UniversityHamilton L8S4L8Canada

Purpose:The aim of this umbrella review was to determine the impact of resistance training(RT)and individual RT prescription variables on muscle mass,strength,and physical function in healthy ***:Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines,we systematically searched and screened eligible systematic reviews reporting the effects of differing RT prescription variables on muscle mass(or its proxies),strength,and/or physical function in healthy adults aged>18 ***:We identified 44 systematic reviews that met our inclusion *** methodological quality of these reviews was assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews;standardized effectiveness statements were *** found that RT was consistently a potent stimulus for increasing skeletal muscle mass(4/4 reviews provide some or sufficient evidence),strength(4/6 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and physical function(1/1 review provided some evidence).RT load(6/8 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),weekly frequency(2/4 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),volume(3/7 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence),and exercise order(1/1 review provided some evidence)impacted RT-induced increases in muscular *** discovered that 2/3 reviews provided some or sufficient evidence that RT volume and contraction velocity influenced skeletal muscle mass,while 4/7 reviews provided insufficient evidence in favor of RT load impacting skeletal muscle *** was insufficient evidence to conclude that time of day,periodization,inter-set rest,set configuration,set end point,contraction velocity/time under tension,or exercise order(only pertaining to hypertrophy)influenced skeletal muscle adaptations.A paucity of data limited insights into the impact of RT prescription variables on physical ***:Overall,RT increased muscle mass,strength,and physical function compared to no ***

关键词： Hypertrophy Resistance training Resistance training prescription variables Strength Umbrella review