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Sr,Nd,Pb and trace element systematics of the New Caledonia harzburgites:Tracking source depletion and contamination processes in a SSZ setting

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第1期11卷 37-55页

作者： Arianna Secchiari Alessandra Montanini Delphine Bosch Patrizia.macera Dominique Cluzel Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche della Vita e della SostenibilitàAmbientaleUniversitàdi ParmaItaly Geosciences Montpellier Universitéde MontpellierFrance Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra Universitàdi PisaItaly Institut des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées Universitéde la Nouvelle-CalédonieNew Caledonia

The New Caledonia ophiolite(Peridotite Nappe)consists primarily of harzburgites,locally overlain by mafic-ultramafic cumulates,and minor spinel and plagioclase *** this study,a comprehensive geochemical data set(major and trace element,Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes)has been obtained on a new set of fresh harzburgites in order to track the processes recorded by this mantle section and its *** studied harzburgites are low-strain tectonites showing porphyroclastic textures,locally grading into protomylonitic *** exhibit a refractory nature,as attested by the notable absence of primary clinopyroxene,very high Fo content of olivine(91-93 mol.%),high Mg#of orthopyroxene(0.91-0.93)and high Cr#of spinel(0.44-0.71).The harzburgites are characterised by remarkably low REE concentrations(<0.1 chondritic values)and display"U-shaped"profiles,with steeply sloping HREE(DyN/YbN=0.07-0.16)and fractionated LREE-MREE segments(LaN/SmN=2.1-8.3),in the range of modern fore-arc *** modelling shows that the HREE composition of the harzburgites can be reproduced by multi-stage melting including a first phase of melt depletion in dry conditions(15%fractional melting),followed by hydrous melting in a subduction zone setting(up to 15%-18%).However,melting models fail to explain the enrichments observed for some FME(***,Sr,Pb),LREE-MREE and *** enrichments,coupled with the frequent occurrence of thin,undeformed films of Al2 O3,and CaO-poor orthopyroxene(Al2O3=0.88-1.53 wt.%,CaO=0.31-0.56 wt.%)and clinopyroxene with low Na2 O(0.03-0.16 wt.%),Al2 O3(0.66-1.35 wt.%)and TiO2(0.04-0.10 wt.%)contents,point to FME addition during fluid-assisted melting followed by late stage metasomatism most likely operated by subductionrelated melts with a depleted trace element *** isotopic ratios range from unradiogenic to radiogenic(-0.80<εNdi≤+13.32)and negatively correlate with Sr isotopes(0.70257≤87Sr/86Sr≤0.70770).Pb isotopes cover a wide range,trendi

关键词： Intra-oceanic arcs Depleted mantle sections Fore-ac harzburgites New Caledonia ophiolite Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes Subduction zones

Epidemiology of acute and chronic hepatitis B and delta over the last 5 decades in Italy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第24期20卷 7635-7643页

作者： Evangelista Sagnelli Caterina Sagnelli Mariantonietta Pisaturo Margherita.macera Nicola Coppola Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine Section of Infectious DiseasesSecond University of Naples80131 NaplesItaly Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Surgery "F.Magrassi e A.Lanzara" Second University of Naples80131 NaplesItaly

The spread of hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection has gradually decreased in Italy in the last 5 decades as shown by the steady reduction in the incidence rates of acute hepatitis B,from 10/100000 inhabitants in1984 to 0.85/100000 in 2012,and by the reduced prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)-positive cases among chronic hepatitis patients with different etiologies,from 60%in 1975 to about 10%in *** prevalence of HBsAg chronic carriers in the general population also decreased from nearly 3%in the 1980s to 1%in *** to HBV by its characteristics of defective virus,the hepatitis delta virus(HDV)has shown a similar epidemiological impact on the Italian population over *** incidence of acute HDV infection decreased from 3.2/100000 inhabitants in 1987 to 0.8/100000 in 2010 and the prevalence of HDV infection in HBsAg chronic carriers decreased from24%in 1990 to 8.5%in *** the beneficial effects of HBV mass vaccination introduced in 1991,the decreased endemicity of HBV and HDV infection in Italy paralleled the improvement in screening blood donations,the higher standard of living and impressive reduction in the birth rate associated with a marked reduction in the family size.A further contribution to the decline in HBV and HDV infections most probably came from the media campaigns to prevent the spread of human immunodeficiency virus infection by focusing the attention of the general population on the same routes of transmission of viral infections such as unsafe sexual intercourse and parenteral exposures of different kinds.

关键词： Acute hepatitis B Acute hepatitis delta Chronic viral hepatitis Hepatitis B virus epidemiology Hepatitis delta virus epidemiology

Hepatitis c virus markers in infection by hepatitis c virus: In the era of directly acting antivirals

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第38期21卷 10749-10759页

作者： Nicola Coppola Mariantonietta Pisaturo Rosa Zampino Margherita.macera Caterina Sagnelli Evangelista Sagnelli Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine Section of Infectious DiseasesSecond University of Naples Division of Infectious Diseases AORN Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano di Caserta Internal Medicine and Hepatology Second University of Naples Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Surgery "F. Magrassi e A. Lanzara" Second University of Naples

About 130-170 million people are infected with the hepatitis C virus(HCV) worldwide and more than 350000 people die each year of HCV-related liver diseases. The combination of pegylated interferon(Peg-IFN) and ribavirin(RBV) was recommended as the treatment of choice for chronic hepatitis C for nearly a decade. In 2011 the directly acting antivirals(DAA) HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitors,telaprevir and boceprevir,were approved to treat HCV-genotype-1 infection,each in triple combination with Peg-IFN and RBV. These treatments allowed higher rates of SVR than the double Peg-IFN + RBV,but the low tolerability and high pill burden of these triple regimes were responsible for reduced adherence and early treatment discontinuation. The second and third wave DAAs introduced in 2013-2014 enhanced the efficacy and tolerability of anti-HCV treatment. Consequently,the traditional indicators for disease management and predictors of treatment response should be revised in light of these new therapeutic options. This review article will focus on the use of the markers of HCV infection and replication,of laboratory and instrumental data to define the stage of the disease and of predictors,if any,of response to therapy in the DAA era. The article is addressed particularly to physicians who have patients with hepatitis C in care in their everyday clinical practice.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C Hepatitis C virus replication

Role of occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第42期21卷 11931-11940页

作者： Nicola Coppola Lorenzo Onorato Mariantonietta Pisaturo Margherita.macera Caterina Sagnelli Salvatore Martini Evangelista Sagnelli Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine Section of Infectious Diseases Second University of Naples Division of Infectious Diseases AORN Sant’Anna e San Sebastiano di Caserta Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Surgery "F. Magrassi e A. Lanzara" Second University of Naples

The development of sensitive assays to detect small amounts of hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA has favored the identification of occult hepatitis B infection(OBI), a virological condition characterized by a low level of HBV replication with detectable levels of HBV DNA in liver tissue but an absence of detectable surface antigen of HBV(HBs Ag) in serum. The gold standard to diagnose OBI is the detection of HBV DNA in the hepatocytes by highly sensitive and specific techniques, a diagnostic procedure requiring liver tissue to be tested and the use of non-standardized non-commercially available techniques. Consequently, in everyday clinical practice, the detection of anti-hepatitis B core antibody(antiHBc) in serum of HBs Ag-negative subjects is used as a surrogate marker to identify patients with OBI. In patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC), OBI has been identified in nearly one-third of these cases. Considerable data suggest that OBI favors the increase of liver damage and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in patients with CHC. The data from other studies, however, indicate no influence of OBI on the natural history of CHC, particularly regarding the risk of developing HCC.

关键词： Occult hepatitis B virus infection Silent hepatiti

RNA therapeutics:updates and future potential

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 12-30页

作者： caroline Zhang Biliang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510530China Guangzhou RiboBio Co. LtdGuangzhou 510663China Argorna Pharmaceuticals Co. Guangzhou 510530China

Recent advancements in the production,modification,and cellular delivery of RNA molecules facilitated the expansion of RNAbased *** increasing understanding of RNA biology initiated a corresponding growth in RNA *** this review,the general concepts of five classes of RNA-based therapeutics,including RNA interference-based therapies,antisense oligonucleotides,small activating RNA therapies,circular RNA therapies,and messenger RNA-based therapeutics,will be ***,we also provide an overview of RNA-based therapeutics that have already received regulatory approval or are currently being evaluated in clinical trials,along with challenges faced by these ***-based drugs demonstrated positive clinical trial results and have the ability to address previously“undruggable”targets,which delivers great promise as a disruptive therapeutic technology to fulfill its full clinical potentiality.

关键词： RNA RNA therapeutics mRNA vaccine RNAi

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On the Stability of Racing Sailing Boats with Foils

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2018年第3期39卷 427-450页

作者： Philippe DESTUYNDER caroline FABRE Département d'ingénierie Mathématique Laboratoire M2N Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers 292rue saint Martin75003 ParisFrance Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay Univ.Paris-SudCNRSUniversitéParis-Saclay 91405 OrsayFrance

The development of foils for racing boats has changed the strategy of sailing. Recently, the America＇s cup held in San Francisco, has been the theatre of a tragicomic history due to the foils. During the last round, the New-Zealand boat was winning by 8 to 1 against the defender USA. The winner is the first with 9 victories. USA team understood suddenly （may be） how to use the control of the pitching of the inain foils by adjusting the rake in order to stabilize the ship. And USA won by 9 victories against 8 to the challenger NZ. The goal in this paper is to point out few aspects which could be taken into account in order to improve this mysterious control law which is known as the key of the victory of the USA team. There are certainly many reasons and in particular the cleverness of the sailors and of all the engineering team behind this project. But it appears interesting to have a mathematical discussion, even if it is a partial one, on the mechanical behaviour of these extraordinary sailing boats. The nunlerical exanlples given here are not the true ones. They have just been invented in order to explain the theoretical developments concerning three points： The possibility of tacking on the foils for sailing upwind, the nature of foiling instabilities, if there are, when the boat is flying and the control laws.

关键词： Hydrodynamics of foils Mathematical analysis Stability

Old dog,new trick:The PHR-SPX system regulates arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis

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Molecular Plant 2022年第2期15卷 225-227页

作者： Debatosh Das caroline Gutjahr CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute No.10 Yuexing 2nd RoadNanshanShenzhenChina Plant Genetics TUM School of Life SciencesTechnical University of Munich(TUM)Emil Ramann Strasse 485354 FreisingGermany

Plant growth depends on the continuous availability of the macro-nutrient phosphate(Pi).However,in most soils,Pi is only poorly accessible to plants,resulting in Pi deficiency and triggering a number of Pi starvation *** strategy of plants to over-come Pi limitation is to form a symbiosis with arbuscular mycor-rhizal(AM)fungi(Smith et al.,2011),which occurs with approximately 80%of land *** fungi improve the uptake of Pi and other mineral nutrients and thereby increase plant performance and stress *** collect these minerals with an extraradical hyphal network from the soil and release them from highly branched structures,called arbuscules,into root cortex ***,Pi sufficiency causes inhibition of internal root colonization(Balzergue et al.,2011;Breuillin et al.,2010).The mechanistic basis for this has long remained *** studies have now solved this long-standing mystery and demonstrated that a canonical Pi-response regulatory module regulates AM symbiosis in accordance with the plant Pi status(Shi et al.,2021;Das et al.,2022).

关键词： thereby symbiosis release

Frequency-selective Optimization of Periodic Gate Control Signals in DC/DC Converters for EMI-reduction

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2022年第4期8卷 11-18页

作者： caroline Krause Stephan Frei On-board Systems Lab TU Dortmund UniversityDortmund 44227Germany

High-frequency switching of power transistors in power electronic systems can cause electromagnetic *** approaches for reducing high-frequency disturbances,such as inserting an additional gate resistor,lead to increased power *** makes achieving both electromagnetic compatibility and power efficiency *** gate drivers help to find a trade-off between these ***,only narrow-band disturbances must be ***,a target signal with a spectrum notched at some frequencies can be *** target signal can be reached by a target-signal-oriented control of the transistor’s *** leads to steeper switching slopes,such that the power losses are less *** arbitrary target signals is *** transistor signal exhibits some physical limitations.A constraint satisfaction problem must be solved,and the gate drive signal must be optimized by applying a residual and Newton’s *** proposed optimization process in the frequency domain is based on the circuit simulation method named“harmonic balance”.Measurements on a DC/DC converter exhibit the benefits of this method.

关键词： Power electronics active gate driving electromagnetic compatibility Newton’s method

INTEGRATED DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR SOLAR COMMUNITIES

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Journal of Green Building 2015年第2期10卷 134-156页

作者： caroline Hachem-Vermette Faculty of Environmental Design Professional Faculties 3170 University of Calgary2500 University Drive NWCalgary AB T2N 1N4

This paper presents design considerations for an integrated design of solar commu-nities highlighting the interactive nature of various design parameters to improve the energy performance of these *** considerations are illus-trated through practical design examples of different neighborhood scenarios and individual buildings,based on extensive studies and analysis of energy performance of a wide spectrum of buildings and *** examples fall under two general categories-design at the neighborhood level,and design at the individ-ual building *** design is illustrated by examples of homogeneous residential neighborhoods consisting of 2-storied housing units and of a mixed-rise *** of individual buildings focuses primarily on design of the envelope-consisting of roof and façades-for maximizing energy generation poten-tial,as a function of height and relative position to adjacent *** addition to examples of application of the design considerations,the paper outlines the process of design of solar communities and the role of simulations in the design process.

关键词： Integrated Design Process Solar Potential Passive solar design Building integrated photovoltaic Solar neighbourhood design