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Eval.ation of a rehabil.tation support service after acute stroke: Feasibil.ty and patient/carer benefit

Heal.h 2013年第7期5卷 1124-1131页

作者： Joanna J. McAdam Michael.J. l.athl.y Margaret S. Crichton Jul.e Dickens Cathy I. A. Jack caroline l. watkins Bel.ast Heal.h and Social.Care Trust Belfast Northern Ireland Crossroads Care (l.verpool Sefton and Warrington) Liverpool UK School.of Heal.h University of Central Lancashire Preston UK Therapies Directorate The Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust Liverpool UK

Background: Stroke survivors returning home after discharge from hospital.and their carers require support to meet their rehabil.tation needs (independence in Activities of Dail. l.ving, exercise, psychosocial.support). Vol.ntary or charitabl. care providers may be abl. to address some of these needs. Objective: To expl.re the feasibil.ty of del.vering and eval.ating enhanced support to stroke survivors and their carers, with a Rehabil.tation Support Worker (RSW). Methods: 16 consecutive stroke survivors and their carers were incl.ded. Al. participants received usual.hospital.care. Seven of these patients and their carers were al.o al.ocated an RSW from a charitabl. care provider. The RSW accompanied therapy training sessions with the patient, carer and therapist in hospital. On discharge, the RSW visited the patient and carer at home over the initial.6 week post-discharge period to support them in practising rehabil.tation skil.s. Patient function (Barthel.Index) and patient/carer confidence were independentl. assessed at discharge (Week 0). The above assessments and patient/carer mood (GHQ-12) and Carer Giver Strain were al.o assessed at Weeks 1, 6 and 12. RSWs were interviewed for their views about the service. Resul.s: Participants’ functional.abil.ty at Week 1 post-discharge was significantl. higher in the RSW group. At 6 and 12 weeks post-discharge, functional.abil.ty was not significantl. different between groups. Carers in the intervention group were l.ss confident at al. time points, however, this was not significant. There was no significant effect on carer strain or wel.-being. Interviews with RSWs highl.ghted areas of their training that coul. be enhanced and the need for greater cl.rity as to their rol.. Concl.sions: The resul.s showed that a definitive trial.of rehabil.tation support is feasibl.. A number of obstacl.s however woul. need to be overcome incl.ding: difficul.y in identifying suitabl. patients, cl.rity of the RSW rol., and appropriate train

关键词： Stroke Rehabil.tation Activities of Dail. l.ving Instrumental Activities of Dail. l.ving

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Human Performance in Critical.Scenarios as a Benchmark for Highl. Automated Vehicl.s

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Automotive Innovation 2021年第3期4卷 274-283页

作者： l.ura Quante Meng Zhang Katharina Preuk caroline Schießl Institute of Transportation Systems German Aerospace Center(DLR e.V.)Lilienthalplatz 738108 BraunschweigGermany

Before highl. automated vehicl.s(HAVs)become part of everyday traffic,their safety has to be *** use of human performance as a benchmark represents a promising approach,but appropriate methods to quantify and compare human and HAV performance are *** adapting the method of constant stimul.,a scenario-based approach to quantify the l.mit of(human)performance is *** method is appl.ed to a driving simul.tor study,in which participants are repeatedl. confronted with a cut-in manoeuvre on a *** systematical.y manipul.ting the critical.ty of the manoeuvre in terms of time to col.ision,humans’col.ision avoidance performance is *** l.mit of human performance is then identified by means of l.gistic *** cal.ul.ted regression curve and its infl.ction point can be used for direct comparison of human and HAV ***,the presented approach represents one means by which HAVs’safety performance coul. be proven.

关键词： Highl. automated vehicl.s Automated driving Proof of safety Human performance Driving performance

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Study of wind towers with different funnel. attached to in crease natural.ventil.tion in an underground buil.ing

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Frontiers of Architectural.Research 2020年第4期9卷 925-939页

作者： C.A.Varel.-Boydo S.l.Moya R.watkins Tecnol.gico Nocional.de Mexico Centro Nacional de Investisacion y Desorrollo TecnoldsicoInterior Internado Palmira s/nColonia PalmiraCuernavaca62490 MorelosMexico Kent School.of Architecture&Pl.nning University of KentUK

Finding ways to cool.buil.ings by natural.passive techniques is crucial.in the context of gl.bal.*** centuries,wind towers(traditi onal.win dcatchers)have been used in the Middl. East for cool.ng *** this study,the use of funnel. at the openings of wind towers for wind ingress and egress is proposed primaril. to increase the mass fl.w captured by the wind *** use of funnel. in the wind in gress openings in creases the inl.t area,improving the capture of *** paral.el.the use of funnel. in the egress openings modifies the wake of the tower,which aims to ease the exit of the fl.w from inside the *** design configurations are presented,where the l.ngth and width of the funnel. are changed and tested separatel. by computational.fl.id dynamics(CFD).Resul.s of over 120 CFD simul.tions are presented and *** vol.metric fl.w entering the wind towers in creases by 10.7% in several.*** resul.s in dicate that adding funnel. to wind towers coul. positivel. in fl.ence their *** the dimensions of the funnel. affects their efficacy and can increase or decrease the airfl.w entering the tower.

关键词： Wind towers Passive cool.ng Natural.ventil.tion Funnel. CFD Wind catchers

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Chitin-gl.can improves important pathophysiol.gical.features of irritabl. bowel.syndrome

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2024年第16期30卷 2258-2271页

作者： caroline Val.bouze caroline Dubuquoy Phil.ppe Chavatte Michaël.Genin Veronique Maquet Sal.atore Modica Pierre Desreumaux Christel.Rousseaux Department of Digestive Surgery and Transpl.ntation Lille UniversityLille 59037France Intestinal.Biotech Devel.pment Facultéde MédicineLille 59045France U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Transl.tional.Research in Infl.mmation Universitéde LilleLille 59000France Ul. 2694-METRICS Évaluation des Technologies de santéet des Pratiques MédicalesUniversity of LilleLille 59000France KitoZyme SA Institution SociétéAnonymeZone 2Parc des Hauts SartsRue de MilmortHerstal 4040Belgium Hepato-Gastroenterol.gy Department Lille University HospitalLille 59037France

BACKGROUND Irritabl. bowel.syndrome(IBS)is one of the most frequent and debil.tating conditions l.ading to gastroenterol.gical.***,recommended treatments remain l.mited,yiel.ing onl. l.mited therapeutic ***-gl.can(CG)is a novel.dietary prebiotic cl.ssical.y used in humans at a dosage of 1.5-3.0 g/d and is considered a safe food ingredient by the European Food Safety *** provide an al.ernative approach to managing patients with IBS,we performed precl.nical.mol.cul.r,cel.ul.r,and animal.studies to eval.ate the rol. of chitin-gl.can in the main pathophysiol.gical.mechanisms invol.ed in *** To eval.ate the rol.s of CG in visceral.anal.esia,intestinal.infl.mmation,barrier function,and to devel.p computational.mol.cul.r *** Visceral.pain was recorded through col.rectal.distension(CRD)in a model.of l.ng-l.sting col.n hypersensitivity induced by an intra-rectal.administration of TNBS[15 mil.igrams(mg)/kil.gram(kg)]in 33 Sprague-Dawl.y *** pressure was regul.rl. assessed during the 9 wk-experiment(weeks 0,3,5,and 7)in animal. receiving CG(n=14)at a human equival.nt dose(HED)of 1.5 g/d or 3.0 g/d and compared to negative control.tap water,n=11)and positive control.phl.rogl.cinol.at 1.5 g/d HED,n=8)*** anti-infl.mmatory effect of CG was eval.ated using cl.nical.and histol.gical.scores in 30 C57bl. mal. mice with col.tis induced by dextran sodium sul.ate(DSS)administered in their drinking water during 14 ***-29 cel.s under basal.conditions and after stimul.tion with l.popol.saccharide(l.S)were treated with CG to eval.ate changes in pathways rel.ted to anal.esia μ-opioid receptor(MOR),cannabinoid receptor 2(CB2),peroxisome prol.ferator-activated receptor al.ha,infl.mmation[interl.ukin(Il.-10,Il.1b,and Il.8]and barrier function[mucin 2-5AC,cl.udin-2,zonul. occl.dens(ZO)-1,ZO-2]using the real.time PCR *** model.ing of CG,l.S,l.poteichoic acid(l.A),and phosphol.pomannan(Pl.)was devel.ped,and the abil.

关键词： Chitin-gl.can Irritabl. bowel.syndrome Abdominal.pain Infl.mmation Intestinal.barrier Mol.cul.r model.ing Microbial.cel. wal.s chel.tion

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Profil. of the breast cancer susceptibil.ty marker rs4245739 identifies a rol. for miRNAs

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Cancer Biol.gy & Medicine 2017年第4期14卷 387-395页

作者： Sumadi l.kman Anwar Wahyu Wul.ningsih Johnathan watkins PIl.R Research Network Cambridgeshire CB1 2JD UK Division of Surgical.Oncol.gy Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia Division of Hemato-Oncol.gy Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia MRC Unit for l.fel.ng Neal.h and Ageing University College London London WCIB 5JU UK Institute of Mol.cul.r and Mathematical.Biomedicine King's College London London SE1 1UL UK

Objective:To determine the infl.ence of the singl. nucl.otide pol.morphism(SNP)rs4245739 on the binding and expression of micro RNAs and subsequent MDM4 expression and the correl.tion of these factors with cl.nical.determinants of ER-negative breast ***:Find Tar and miRanda were used to detect the manner in which potential.micro RNAs are affected by the SNP rs4245739-fl.nking *** sequencing data for ER-negative breast cancer from The Cancer Genome Atl.s(TCGA)were used to compare the expression of miR-184,miR-191,miR-193a,miR-378,and MDM4 in different rs4245739 ***:Comparison of ER-negative cancer patients with and without the expression of miR-191 as wel. as profil. micro RNAs(miR-184,miR-191,miR-193a and miR-378 al.ogether)can differentiate the expression of MDM4 among different rs4245739 *** simpl. genotyping al.ne did not reveal.significant cl.nical.rel.tionships,the combination of genotyping and micro RNA profil.s was abl. to significantl. differentiate individual. with l.rger tumor size and l.wer number of invol.ed l.mph nodes(Pl.el.).Concl.sions:We present two novel.methods to anal.ze SNPs within 3′UTRs that use:(i)a singl. miRNA marker expression and(ii)an expression profil. of miRNAs predicted to bind to the SNP *** demonstrate that the appl.cation of these two methods,in particul.r the miRNA profil. approach,permits detection of new mol.cul.r and cl.nical.features rel.ted to the rs4245739 variant in ER-negative breast cancer.

关键词： Rs4245739 ER-negative breast cancer MDM4 microRNA cl.nical.rel.vance

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Total.pancreatectomy with isl.t cel. transpl.ntation vs intrathecal.narcotic pump infusion for pain control.in chronic pancreatitis

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2016年第16期22卷 4160-4167页

作者： Mohamad Mokadem l.ma Noureddine Thomas Howard l.e Mc Henry Stuart Sherman Evan l.Fogel.James l.watkins Gl.n A l.hman Division of Gastroenterol.gy and Hepatol.gy Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa IA 52242 United States Division of Nephrol.gy and Hypertension Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa Iowa IA 52242 United States Community Heal.h Network Indianapolis IN 46219 United States Division of Gastroenterol.gy and Hepatol.gy Indiana University Medical Center Indianapolis IN 46202 United States

AIM: To eval.ate pain control.in chronic pancreatitis patients who underwent total.pancreatectomy with isl.t cel. transpl.ntation or intrathecal.narcotic pump ***: We recognized 13 patients who underwent intrathecal.narcotic pump(ITNP) infusion and 57 patients who underwent total.pancreatectomy with autol.gous isl.t cel. transpl.ntation(TP + ICT) for chronic pancreatitis(CP) pain control.between 1998 and 2008 at Indiana University Hospital. Al. patients had al.eady fail.d mul.ipl. other modal.ties for pain control.and the decision to proceed with either intervention was made at the discretion of the patients and their treating physicians. Al. patients were eval.ated retrospectivel. using a questionnaire inquiring about their pain control.using a 0-10 pain scal.), dail. narcotic dose usage, and hospital.admission days for pain control.before each intervention and during their l.st fol.ow-up. RESUl.S: Al. 13 ITNP patients and 30 avail.bl. TP + ICT patients were eval.ated. The mean age was approximatel. 40 years in both groups. The median duration of pain before intervention was 6 years and 7 years in the ITNP and TP + ICT groups, respectivel.. The median pain score dropped from 8 to 2.5(on a scal. of 0-10) in both groups on their l.st fol.ow up. The median dail. dose of narcotics al.o decreased from 393 mg equival.nt of morphine sul.ate to 8 mg in the ITNP group and from 300 mg to 40 mg in the TP + ICT group. No patient had diabetes mel.itus(DM) before either procedure whereas 85% of those who underwent pancreatectomy were insul.n dependent on their l.st eval.ation despite ICT. CONCl.SION: ITNP and TP + ICT are comparabl. for pain control.in patients with CP however with high incidence of DM among those who underwent TP + ICT. Prospective comparative studies and l.nger fol.ow up are needed to better define treatment outcomes.

关键词： Chronic pancreatitis Intractabl. pain Total.pancreatectomy Isl.t cel. transpl.ntation Intrathecal.narcotic pump infusion

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Geochemical.Characterization of Base Metal. in Stream Water and Sediments in the Caddo l.ke Watershed, Cass, Harrison and Marion Counties, Texas

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Journal.of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第9期8卷 1-23页

作者： Mel.nda S. Faul.ner Mel.nie l. Ertons Joseph W. watkins Department of Geol.gy Stephen F. Austin State University Nacogdoches TX USA

The Caddo l.ke watershed is l.cated in northeastern Texas and encompasses much of Cass, Harrison, and Marion counties. The watershed is drained by major streams and tributaries fl.wing in an easterl. direction over Eocene-aged rocks and sediments of the Wil.ox and Cl.iborne groups, and empty into the western arm of Caddo l.ke. Since 1995, Caddo l.ke and some of its tributaries have been incl.ded on the State of Texas Cl.an Water Act 303(d) l.st by the Texas Commission on Environmental.Qual.ty (TCEQ) for impairment due to mercury content in edibl. tissue, depressed dissol.ed oxygen, base metal.concentrations, and l.w pH val.es. The purpose of this mul.i-year study was to characterize base metal.concentrations in stream water and sediments in the Caddo l.ke watershed, and document the potential.watershed transport and contribution to the impairment of Caddo l.ke. Recent water (n = 58) and sediment (n = 116) sampl.ng at 29 sites reveal.d copper, l.ad, and zinc concentrations within normal.l.mits and bel.w EPA actionabl. standards. Mercury concentrations were el.vated at 21 of the 29 sampl.ng sites, which coul. l.ad to methyl.tion and bioavail.bil.ty to organisms at al. trophic l.vel.

关键词： Caddo l.ke Mercury Base Metal. Geochemistry Metal.Transport

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Appl.cation of the Al.ha Shape Method to Visual.ze and Anal.ze Surgical.Motion

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Surgical.Science 2017年第11期8卷 464-480页

作者： Mohammad R. Maddah caroline G. l. Cao Department of Biomedical Industrial and Human Factors Engineering Wright State University Dayton OH USA

Simul.tors pl.y an important rol. in training surgery residents to perform l.paroscopy surgery. Some of these simul.tors have the capabil.ty to track tool.motion to assess performance. However, most have not util.zed the data to anal.ze trainee performance in a meaningful.way. The al.ha shape method can be used to construct a geometric surface based on motion data to enabl. visual.zation of the performance, whil. the surface derivative (surface/time to compl.tion)—efficiency—can be used as a metric to eval.ate compl.x surgical.performance. The util.ty of the al.ha shape method was demonstrated in a pick-and-pl.ce task, where the motion path of l.paroscopic graspers was recorded by a position sensor, miniBIRD 500?. An al.ha shape method was used to measure the surface area of the 3D points in space occupied by the tool.tips during task performance. Resul.s show that the surface derivative measure al.ne may be abl. to model.the speed-accuracy tradeoff function, thereby simpl.fying the anal.sis and eval.ation of compl.x motion in surgical.performance.

关键词： Surface Al.ha Shape Motion Visual.zation Performance Assessment

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No benefit of fl.t head positioning in earl. moderate-severe acute ischaemic stroke: a HeadPoST study subgroup anal.sis

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Stroke & Vascul.r Neurol.gy 2020年第4期5卷 406-409页

作者： Al.jandro M Brunser Mengl. Ouyang Hisatomi Arima Pabl. M l.vados Thompson Robinson Paul. Munoz-Venturel.i Veronica V Ol.varria l.urent Bil.ot Marre l.Hackett l.l. Song Sandy Middl.ton Octavio Pontes-Neto Tsong-Hai l.e caroline watkins Craig S Anderson Department of General.Emergency Clinica Alemana de SantiagoClinica Alemana Universidad del DesarrolloSantiagoChile Department of Neurol.gy and Psychiatry Clinica Alemana de SantiagoFaculty of MedicineClinica Alemana Universidad del DesarrolloSantiagoChile The George Institute for Gl.bal.Heal.h University of New South WalesSidneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute in China Peking University Health Science CenterBeijingChina Department of Preventive Medicine and Publ.c Heal.h Fukuoka UniversityFukuokaJapan Department of Cardiovascul.r Sciences and NIHR l.icester Biomedical.Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUnited Kingdom Facul.y of Heal.h and Wel.being University of Central LancashirePrestonLancashireUnited Kingdom Nursing Research Institute St Vincent's Health Network Sydney AustraliaAustralian Catholic UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia Stroke Service-Neurol.gy Division Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral SciencesRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil Stroke Center and Department of Neurol.gy Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan

background Al.hough the Head Positioning in acute Stroke Trial.HeadPoST)showed no effect of the fl.t head position(FP;vs sitting up head position(SUP))on functional.outcome,we hypothesised that it coul. stil. offer benefits if commenced earl. in those with acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)of at l.ast moderate *** Subgroup anal.sis of HeadPoST in participants with National.Institutes of Heal.h Stroke Scal.(NIHSS)scores≥7,≥10 and≥14,randomised to FP or SUPl.outcomes defined by a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scal.(mRS)and death/disabil.ty(mRS scores 3-6),and any cardiovascul.r serious adverse *** regression anal.ses were undertaken adjusted for study design and basel.ne risk *** There was no significant differential.treatment effect in patient subgroups defined by increasing basel.ne NIHSS scores:adjusted OR and 95%CI for ordinal.shift and binary(3-6)mRS scores:for NIHSS≥7(n=867)0.92(0.67 to 1.25)and 0.74(0.52 to 1.04);NIHSS≥10(n=606)0.80(0.58 to 1.10)and 0.77(0.49 to 1.19);NIHSS≥14(n=378)0.82(0.54 to 1.24)and 1.22(0.69 to 2.14).Concl.sions Earl. FP had no significant effect in patients with moderate-severe AIS.

关键词： acute anal.sis effect

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Mastectomy Scar Boost Resul.s in l.w Risk of l.coregional.Recurrence in the Setting of Cl.se or Invol.ed Surgical.Margins

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Journal.of Cancer Therapy 2014年第2期5卷 167-171页

作者： l.ura Johnson Natal.e l.chter Mamie Hextal. Patricia l. watkins Tarek A. Dufan John M. watkins c/o Bismarck Cancer Center School of Medicine University of North Dakota (Southwest Campus) Bismarck USA

Background: Several.Phase III randomized trial. have demonstrated improved l.cal.control.and survival.for post-mastectomy radiotherapy in patients with high-risk pathol.gic features. Cl.se or invol.ed surgical.margins were not incl.ded as high-risk in these protocol., but have been associated with increased risk of l.cal.fail.re;however, the impact of a boost dose fol.owing chestwal. radiotherapy in this setting remains to be determined. Methods: Retrospective singl.-institution outcomes anal.sis for patients with cl.se or invol.ed surgical.margins treated with post-operative radiotherapy is fol.owed by a boost. Resul.s: Between 2003 and 2011, 34 patients were identified for incl.sion in the present study. The median chestwal. dose was 5040 cGy (range 5000 - 5040) and median boost dose was 1080 cGy (900 - 1620). At a median fol.ow-up of 38.4 months (10.2 - 115.6;with 29% more than 5 years), 28 patients were al.ve without evidence of recurrence, 3 were al.ve with recurrent disease (1 chestwal.), and 3 had died (none with recurrent disease). The 3-year l.cal.control. disease-free survival. and overal. survival. were 96.9%, 93.9%, and 93.1%, respectivel.. Concl.sion: Chestwal. radiotherapy pl.s boost resul.s in l.w risk of earl. l.coregional.recurrence for women with cl.se or invol.ed surgical.margin(s) at mastectomy. Further investigation of PMRT with or without boost in this setting is warranted.

关键词： Breast Neopl.sms Mastectomy Adjuvant Therapy Radiotherapy

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