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Hypothalamic circuits and aging:keeping the circadian clock updated

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1919-1928页

作者： Rosa v.zquez-Lizarraga Lucia Mendoza-viveros carolina Cid-Castro Sareni Ruiz-Montoya Erick Carreño-v.zquez Ricardo Orozco-Solis Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica(INMEGEN) México CityMéxico Centro de Investigacíon sobre el Envejecimiento Centro de Investigacíon y de Estudios Avanzados(CIE-CINVESTAV)México CityMéxico Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAMMéxico CityMéxico

Over the past century,age-related diseases,such as cancer,type-2 diabetes,obesity,and mental illness,have shown a significant increase,negatively impacting overall quality of *** on aged animal models have unveiled a progressive discoordination at multiple regulatory levels,including transcriptional,translational,and post-translational processes,resulting from cellular stress and circadian *** circadian clock emerges as a key regulator,sustaining physiological homeostasis and promoting healthy aging through timely molecular coordination of pivotal cellular processes,such as stem-cell function,cellular stress responses,and inter-tissue communication,which become disrupted during *** the crucial role of hypothalamic circuits in regulating organismal physiology,metabolic control,sleep homeostasis,and circadian rhythms,and their dependence on these processes,strategies aimed at enhancing hypothalamic and circadian function,including pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches,offer systemic benefits for healthy *** brain-directed drug administration represents a promising avenue for effectively targeting specific brain regions,like the hypothalamus,while reducing side effects associated with systemic drug delivery,thereby presenting new therapeutic possibilities for diverse age-related conditions.

关键词： aging astrocytes cellular stress responses circadian clock hypothalamus intranasal drug administration metabolic control nutrient sensor SIRT1 sleep homeostasis

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Gustatory responsiveness in vespula germanica workers:exploring the interplay between sensory perception and task specialization

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 587-598页

作者： Analia Mattiacci carolina Mengoni Gonalons MaitéMasciocchi Juan C.Corley Grupo de Ecologia de Poblaciones de Insectos IFAB(CONICETINTA EEA Bariloche)BarilocheArgentina Departamento de Ecologia Centro Regional Universitario BarilocheUniversidad Nacional Del ComahueBarilocheArgentina Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biologia Experimental Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina

Workers'task specialization and division of labor are critical features of social insects'ecological *** has been proposed that the division of labor relies on response threshold models:individuals varying their sensitivity(and responsiveness)to biologically relevant stimuli and performing a specific task when a stimulus exceeds an internal *** this work,we study carbohydrate and protein responsiveness and their relation to worker task specialization in vespula germanica,an invasive social *** sucrose and peptone responsiveness of two different subcastes,preforagers and foragers,was determined by stimulating the antenna of the wasps with increasing concentrations of the solution and quantifying whether each concentration elicited a licking *** studied responsiveness in five different ways:(1)response threshold,(2)concentration 50(concentration to which at least 50%of wasps responded),(3)maximum response,(4)mean scores and(5)median *** results suggest that v germanica foragers are more sensitive to sucrose(lower thresholds)than preforager ***,we found no differences for peptone thresholds(i.e.,a protein resource).Nonetheless,this is the first study to investigate response thresholds for protein *** intercaste variation in sucrose responsiveness shown in our work contributes to the existing knowledge about response threshold theory as a mechanism for task specialization observed in v germanica.

关键词： carbohydrates responsiveness division of labor protein responsiveness response thresholds models social insect yellow jacket

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Ornithine aspartate effects on bacterial composition and metabolic pathways in a rat model of steatotic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第5期16卷 832-842页

作者： Elisa carolina Lange Pabulo Henrique Rampelotto Larisse Longo Laura Bainy Rodrigues de Freitas carolina Uribe-Cruz Mario Reis Alvares-da-Silva Experimental Laboratory of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-007Brazil Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-007Brazil Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core Facility Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 91501-970Brazil Graduate Program in Biological Sciences:Pharmacology and Therapeutics Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90035-007Brazil Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Católica de las MisionesPosadasMisiones 3300Argentina Division of Gastroenterology Hospital de Clínicas de Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90035-007RSBrazil Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)researcher Brasília 71605-001Brazil

BACKGROUND Metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic *** suggest ornithine aspartate(LOLA)as drug *** To analyze the influence of LOLA intake on gut microbiota using a nutritional model of *** Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into three groups:Control(10 rats fed with a standard diet),MASLD(10 rats fed with a high-fat and choline-deficient diet),and LOLA(10 rats receiving 200 mg/kg/d LOLA,after the 16th week receiving high-fat and choline-deficient diet).After 28 wk of the experiment,animals were euthanized,and feces present in the intestine were *** fecal DNA extraction,the v4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified followed by sequencing in an Ion S5™*** Alpha and beta diversity metrics were comparable between MASLD and LOLA.3 OTUs were differentially abundant between MASLD and LOLA,which belong to the species Helicobacter rodentium,Parabacteroides goldsteinii,and Parabacteroides *** functional prediction provided two different metabolic profiles between MASLD and *** 9 pathways differentially abundant in MASLD are related to a change in energy source,adenosine/purine nucleotides degradation as well as guanosine and adenosine deoxyribonucleotides *** 14 pathways differentially abundant in LOLA are associated with four major metabolic functions primarily influenced by L-aspartate,including tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways,purine/guanosine nucleotides biosynthesis,pyrimidine ribonucleotides biosynthesis and salvage as well as lipid IvA *** Although LOLA had no influence on alpha and beta diversity in this nutritional model of MASLD,it was associated with changes in specific gut microbes and their related metabolic pathways.

关键词： Animal model Gut microbiota Metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease Metabolic prediction Ornithine aspartate

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The potential of starch-chitosan blends with poloxamer for the preparation of microparticles by spray-drying

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 1-10页

作者： Juan Enrique Barranco-García carolina Caicedo Enrique Javier Jiménez-Regalado Carlos Espinoza-González Graciela Morales Rocio Yaneli Aguirre-Loredo Abril Fonseca-García Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Oaxaca Departamento de Química y BioquímicaAvenida Ing.Víctor Bravo Ahuja No.125Esquina Calzada Tecnológico68030OaxacaMexico Faculty of Engineering Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)Carrera 17a 48-144763022TuluáColombia Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada(CIQA) Blvd.Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 14025294SaltilloCoahuilaMexico Investigadoras por México CONAHCYT-CIQA Av.Insurgentes Sur 1562Col.Crédito Constructor03940Alcaldía Benito JuárezCDMXMexico

Using biopolymers as wall materials in spray drying poses challenges,particularly in attaining flowability and thermal stability among their physicochemical *** paper addresses these challenges by preparing microparticles using a blend of starch–chitosan and a poloxamer,commercially named Pluronic®*** aimed to elucidate the effects of varying poloxamer concentrations on the resulting particles through the spray drying *** with a poloxamer concentration of 3%(w/v)demonstrated a notably higher yield,especially when compared to those with 0%and 1%*** with 3%and 5%(w/v)poloxamer displayed a narrower particle size distribution,with the 3%blend showing a superior yield attributed to arrangements of blend components that improve flowability.X-ray diffraction analysis showcased the characteristic peaks of A-type starch form,with shifts suggesting enhanced interactions between *** with increased poloxamer content showed elevated thermal degradation temperatures,with the 3%blend registering a significant rise,opening avenues for encapsulating heat-sensitive *** study primarily focuses on the preparation and basic characterization of *** underscores the potential of blends with optimal poloxamer concentrations in microencapsulation,emphasizing further research to harness their capabilities thoroughly.

关键词： Biopolymer Starch Chitosan Pluronic®F127 Microparticles Spray drying

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Chemical and spectroscopic characterization of humic substances from sediment and riparian soil of a highly polluted urban river(Suquía River,Córdoba,Argentina)

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2020年第3期35卷 287-294页

作者： carolina Merlo carolina v.zquez Ana Graciela Iriarte Carlos Matías Romero Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia vegetal (CONICET) Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias Universidad Nacional de Cordoba INFIQC Departament of FisicoquimicaFacultad de Ciencias QuimicasUniversidad Nacional de Cordoba Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lethbridge Research and Development Centre Department of Biological Sciences University of Lethbridge

The Suquia River,the largest urban river in Cordoba(Argentina),has been severely polluted for *** must be taken to restore its environmental quality by managing riparian zones for increased water-self *** current study aimed to characterize organic matter(OM) dynamics and humic substances(HS) spectrochemical properties along the lower-middle basin of the Suquia *** soil(0-20 cm) and sediment(0-10 cm) samples were collected from a reference location(S1)and four polluted sites(S2-S5) during a low-flow *** contents of soil and sedimentary OM and HS fractions were analyzed by wet oxidation,as well as HS Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) and ultraviolet-visible(Uv-vis) spectrochemical *** OM and HS fractions from riparian soil were high upstream of Cordoba City(S1 and S2,50.2-50.4 g/kg OM) and within a 50 km downstream location(S5,30.9 g/kg OM) owing to a surplus of fresh plant biomass-carbon(C) *** heterogeneous sediment samples did not show any significant differences among sites(P> 0.05).The lowest values of the ratio of absorbances at 465 and 665 nm(E4/E6)(1.78) and the Δ log K(0.15) coefficient(a measure of HS maturity degree) were obtained downstream of Cordoba City,for both riparian soil and sediment,indicating that HS were enriched by more condensed aromatic structures within highly degraded portions of the *** samples exhibited similar IR spectra,implying overlapping recalcitrant-C structures at the functional group level,but with different absorbance *** from the current study constitute a baseline for understanding the chemical nature of HS from sediment and riparian soil along the Suquia River and can be used as a reference for future studies tracking OM compositional changes over time.

关键词： Lotic ecosystems Organic matter Humic acids FT-IR spectroscopy Uv-vis spectroscopy

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs víctor Cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-Segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal Marta Tomàs carolina Silvera-Simón Manel M.Santafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

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road to stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第37期23卷 6750-6776页

作者： Teresita NJ Flores-Téllez Saúl villa-Trevino carolina Pina-v.zquez Departam ento de Biología Celular Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional(CINVESTAV-IPN) Av.IPN No.2508 Col

Carcinogenic process has been proposed to relay on the capacity to induce local tissue damage and proliferative repair. Liver has a great regeneration capacity and currently, most studies point towards the dominant role of hepatocytes in regeneration at all levels of liver damage. The most frequent liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Historical findings originally led to the idea that the cell of origin of HCC might be a progenitor cell. However, current linage tracing studies put the progenitor hypothesis of HCC origin into question. In agreement with their dominant role in liver regeneration, mature hepatocytes are emerging as the cell of origin of HCC, although, the specific hepatocyte subpopulation of origin is yet to be determined. The relationship between the cancer cell of origin(CCO) and cancer-propagating cells, known as hepatic cancer stem cell(HCSC) is unknown. It has been challenging to identify the definitive phenotypic marker of HCSC, probably due to the existence of different cancer stem cells(CSC) subpopulations with different functions within HCC. There is a dynamic interconversion among different CSCs, and between CSC and non-CSCs. Because of that, CSC-state is currently defined as a description of a highly adaptable and dynamic intrinsic property of tumor cells, instead of a static subpopulation of a tumor. Altered conditions could trigger the gain of stemness, some of them include: EMT-MET, epigenetics, microenvironment and selective stimulus such as chemotherapy. This CSC heterogeneity and dynamism makes them out reach from therapeutic protocols directed to a single target. A further avenue of research in this line will be to uncover mechanisms that trigger this interconversion of cell populations within tumors and target it.

关键词： Cancer stem cell Liver progenitor cell Liver stem progenitor cell Stemness Plasticity Cancer cell of origin Cancer stem cells subpopulations

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Pharmacodynamic Study of Parallel Groups Comparing the Effect of Rivaroxaban 20 Mg (Laboratorios Leti, S.A.v.) vs Rivaroxaban 20 Mg (Bayer Laboratories) on Prothrombin Time

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 123-133页

作者： Elsy Rodriguez de Roa María Gonzalez Yibirin David Rincón Matute carolina Aguilera Centro Médico Uslar Distrito Capital Caracas Venezuela Investigación Clínica Grupo Leti Guarenas Venezuela

Background: The prevalence of both atrial fibrillation (FA) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing and they often occur together and constitute a high risk of thrombosis. Rivaroxaban is a Factor Xa inhibitor with a rapid onset and disappearance of action after oral administration;it acts by inhibiting the active form of the coagulation factor. In order to reflect the effect of the action of Rivaroxaban, we used the prothrombin time (PT);however, it′s not the most accurate, but it is the one available in our community. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, analyst-blinded, parallel group clinical study to verify the efficacy of Rivaroxaban Leti 20 mg (RL) (12 volunteers vs Rivaroxaban Bayer 20 mg (RB) (13 volunteers). The variables were determination of PT and Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) at baseline and at 24, 48 and 72 hours after administering a daily dose of 20 mg for three days. The determination was carried out with the IDG method (Integrated Diagnostics Group Sanzay Corporation) with an International Sensitivity Index (ISI) of 1.17 PT and aPTT were taken before the first dose, and then, every day during the next 3 days, three hours after the ingestion of their daily dose at 7 am. Results: The 25 healthy volunteers were similar in age, BMI, and SBP/DBP level with a greater number of men in the Bayer group. The efficacy of rivaroxaban was similar in both groups with prolongation of PTT to the 2nd day of treatment with PT, and percentage changes from baseline (14.46 ± 0.97 for RB vs 14.17 ± 0.94 RL p: 0.45), PTT results and percentage changes from the base (RB: 34 ± 4.53 RL: 33.46 ± 2.82). The safety of rivaroxaban was good in both groups with no serious adverse events. The equivalence in the logarithmically transformed PT result (ln) on day two, Mean and CI (90%) 99.2 (94.4-104) and 100 (99.5-100.8);neither the means nor the 90% confidence intervals of the PT variable transformed logarithmically to ensure its normality, were far from the 80%-125%

关键词： Pharmacodynamic Study Rivaroxaban Clinical Trial PT aPTT

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Exercise training improves long-term memory in obese mice

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Life Metabolism 2024年第1期3卷 37-50页

作者： Oliver K.Fuller Casey L.Egan Tina L.Robinson Nimna Perera Heidy K.Latchman Lauren v.Terry Emma D.McLennan carolina Chavez Emma L.Burrows John W.Scott Robyn M.Murphy Henriette van Praag Martin Whitham Mark A.Febbraio Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoria3052Australia La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science La Trobe UniversityMelbourneVictoria3086Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoria3052Australia Department of Biomedical Sciences Charles E.Schmidt College of Medicineand Stiles-Nicholson Brain InstituteFlorida Atlantic UniversityJupiterFL 33458United States College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

Obesity has been linked to a range of pathologies,including *** contrast,regular physical activity is associated with the prevention or reduced progression of ***,physical activity can improve memory and spatial cognition,reduce age-related cognitive decline,and preserve brain volume,but the mechanisms are not fully ***,we investigated whether any detrimental effects of high-fat diet(HFD)-induced obesity on cognition,motor behavior,adult hippocampal neurogenesis,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)could be mitigated by voluntary exercise training in male C57Bl/6 ***-induced impairment of motor function was not reversed by ***,voluntary wheel running improved long-term memory and increased hippocampal neurogenesis,suggesting that regular physical activity may prevent cognitive decline in obesity.

关键词： obesity exercise cognition

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Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Effects of Capybara Oil on Cardiac Remodeling of C57bl/6 Mice

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 213-232页

作者： Rafael M. Almeida Wagner D. Giannetti Guilherme R. Silveira carolina R. Castilho Renata v. Lisboa Bianca T. Ciambarella Rodrigo N. Ferreira Jorge José de Carvalho Laboratory of Ultrastructure and Tissue Biology Institute of Biology State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Higher Education Center of valenç a Dom Andr&#233 Arcoverde Educational Foundation Valen&#231a Brazil

Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, and obesity and the metabolic syndrome are risk factors for its development. One of the therapies to reduce cardiovascular risk is the use of polyunsaturated fatty acids. In Brazil, a source of such acid is the oil extracted from the fat of the capybara. The objective of this work is to study the effects of the capybara oil on lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as its effects on the adipose tissue and cardiac remodeling. We assessed the effects of capybara oil treatment on body mass, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, systolic blood pressure, adipose tissue and cardiac remodeling, and performed an ultrastructural evaluation of the myocardium in C57Bl/6 mice treated with high-fat diet. Treatment with capybara oil reduced total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, systolic blood pressure, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, and adipocyte diameter. In addition, cardiac remodeling was attenuated, preserving cardiomyocytes, increasing vascularization, reducing cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and the extracellular matrix, and preserving the morphological integrity of mitochondria. Capybara oil has several beneficial effects on the cardiovascular and metabolic system, and further studies are needed to better understand its role in the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

关键词： Capybara Oil Cardiac Remodeling Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Obesity Metabolic Syndrome

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