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Cryopreservation of bovine sperm causes single‑strand DNA breaks that are localized in the toroidal regions of chromatin

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 92-106页

作者： Jordi Ribas‑maynou Rodrigo muiño carolina Tamargo marc Yeste Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction(TechnoSperm) Institute of Food and Agricultural TechnologyUniversity of GironaS17003 GironaSpain Unit of Cell Biology Department of BiologyFaculty of SciencesUniversity of GironaS17003 GironaSpain Present Address:Unit of Cell Biology and medical Genetics Department of Cell BiologyPhysiology and ImmunologyAutonomous University of BarcelonaS08193 BellaterraSpain Department of Animal Pathology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaS15705 LugoSpain Department of Animal Selection and Reproduction The Regional Agri-Food Research and Development Service of Asturias(SERIDA)S33394 GijónSpain Catalan institution for Research and Advanced Studies(iCREA) S08010 BarcelonaSpain

Background Sperm cryopreservation is widely used in the cattle industry,as it allows for disassociating the localiza-tion of sires and the collection of semen from the timing of artificial *** freeze-thawing is known to impair sperm DNA integrity,whether the damage induced consists of single-(SSB)or double-strand breaks(DSB)has not been *** addition,no previous study has addressed if DNA breaks preferentially reside in specific genome regions such as those forming the toroid linker regions,or are rather spread throughout the regions linked to *** main aim of the present work,therefore,was to elucidate the type and localization of the DNA damage generated by cryopreservation and to evaluate its impact on artificial insemination outcomes in *** The incidence of SSB and DSB was evaluated in 12 ejaculates before and after cryopreservation with the Comet assay,and the localization of the DNA breaks was assessed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE).Before cryopreservation,the incidence of SSB was 10.99%±4.62%and involved 20.56%±3.04%of sperm cells,whereas these figures significantly(Pincreased up to 34.11%±3.48%and 53.36%±11.00%in frozen-thawed *** contrast,no significant differences in the incidence of DSB were observed(P>0.990)before and after cryopreservation(before:incidence of 13.91%±1.75%of sperm DNA affecting 56.04%±12.49%of sperm cells;after:incidence of 13.55%±1.55%of sperm DNA involving 53.36%±11.00%of sperm cells).moreover,PFGE revealed that the percentage of sperm DNA fragments whose length was shorter than a toroid(ing(15.57%±4.53%).These differences indicated that the DNA breaks induced by cryopreservation affect the regions condensed in protamines,which are structured in *** the other hand,in vivo fertility rates were associated to the incidence of SSB and DSB in frozen-thawed sperm(P=0.032 and P=0.005),but not w

关键词： Cattle DNA damage Fertility Sperm Toroid linker regions

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs Víctor Cilleros-mañé Laia Just-Borràs marta Balanyà-Segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal marta Tomàs carolina Silvera-Simón manel m.Santafé maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

Transformation of leather waste into microwave-activated and N-doped carbon for Li-S batteries

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新型炭材料(中英文) 2025年

作者： carolina Pano-Azucena Roberto Rosas-Rangel miguel Olvera-Sosa David Salvador González-González Rene Rangel-mendez Luis Felipe Chazaro-Ruiz miguel Avalos-Borja Javier Antonio Arcibar-Orozco CiATEC.Center for Applied innovation in Competitive Technologies Tecnologico de monterrey School of Engineering and Sciences instituto Potosino de investigación Científica y Tecnológica Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Facultad de SistemasCiudad Universitaria

The use of carbon from waste biomass has the potential to buffer the drawbacks of Li-S batteries and improve their overall performance. Chrome-Tanned-LeatherShavings(CTLS) are undesirable wastes, highly available for transformation into porous carbon. microwave activation is an efficient state-of-the-art procedure to obtain unique porous structures and nitrogen incorporation can improve the performance of porous carbons. This study proposes the transformation of CTLS into a microwave activated porous carbon, and then was modified to introduce nitrogen. A microporous activated carbon with a specific surface area of 556 m2g-1 with honeycomb-like structure was obtained. Both urea thermal decomposition and ethanolamine impregnation improves the nitrogen and amine presence of surface groups. However,the results indicated that only urea treatment was effective in improving the initial capacity of the cell(1363 mAhg-1), which is probably linked with the sorption of long-chain polysulfides. This investigation confirms that it is possible to obtain carbon materials from CTLS, for use as sulfur-host cathodes in Li-S batteries, and improve their performance with urea thermal decomposition. Furthermore, a Radial basis function neural network was fitted to provide statistical support to the experimental results. The trained model corroborated the importance of nitrogen content of the carbons in the discharge capacity of the cells.

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The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer m.Colón-mercado Aranza i.Torrado-Tapias iris K.Salgado Jose m.Santiago Samuel E.Ocasio Rivera Dina P.Bracho-Rincon Luis H.Pagan Rivera Jorge D.miranda Department of Physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of Puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

in addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

Discovering causal models for structural,construction and defense-related engineering phenomena

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 60-79页

作者： m.Z.Naser School of Civil&Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences(SCEEES) Clemson UniversityClemsonSouth Carolina 29634USA The Artificial intelligence Research institute for Science and Engineering(AiRiSE) Clemson UniversityClemsonSouth Carolina 29634USA

Causality,the science of cause and effect,has made it possible to create a new family of *** models are often referred to as causal *** those of mathematical,numerical,empirical,or machine learning(mL)nature,causal models hope to tie the cause(s)to the effect(s)pertaining to a phenomenon(i.e.,data generating process)through causal *** paper presents one of the first works at creating causal models in the area of structural and construction *** this end,this paper starts with a brief review of the principles of causality and then adopts four causal discovery algorithms,namely,PC(Peter-Clark),FCi(fast causal inference),GES(greedy equivalence search),and GRa SP(greedy relaxation of the sparsest permutation),have been used to examine four phenomena,including predicting the load-bearing capacity of axially loaded members,fire resistance of structural members,shear strength of beams,and resistance of walls against impulsive(blast)*** from this study reveal the possibility and merit of discovering complete and partial causal ***,this study also proposes two simple metrics that can help assess the performance of causal discovery algorithms.

关键词： Causality Causal discovery Directed acyclic graphs machine learning metrics

Rehabilitation of degraded areas in northeastern Patagonia, Argentina: Effects of environmental conditions and plant functional traits on performance of native woody species

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第4期12卷 653-665页

作者： Juan m ZEBERiO carolina A PÉREZ National University of Río Negro Atlantic HeadquartersCenter for Environmental Studies from Norpatagonia(CEANPa)Viedma 8500Argentina National Council of Scientific and Technical Research(CONiCET) Viedma 8500Argentina Ecological and Environmental Systems Research Laboratory(LiSEA) National University of La PlataLa Plata 1900Argentina

Degradation processes affect a vast area of arid and semi-arid lands around the world and damage the environment and people′s health. Degradation processes are driven by human productive activities that cause direct and indirect effects on natural resources, such as species extinction at regional scale, reduction and elimination of vegetation cover, soil erosion, etc. in this context, ecological rehabilitation is an important tool to recover key aspects of the degraded ecosystem. Rehabilitation trials rely on the use of native plant species with characteristics that allow them to obtain high survival and growth rates. The aim of this work was to assess the survival and growth of native woody species in degraded areas of northeastern Patagonia and relate them to plant functional traits and environmental variables. We observed high early and late survival rates, and growth rates in Prosopis flexuosa DC. var. depressa F.A. Roig and Schinus johnstonii F.A. Barkley, and low values in Condalia microphylla Cav. and Geoffroea decorticans(Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Burkart. Early survival rates were positively associated with specific leaf area(SLA) and precipitation, but negatively associated with wood density, the maximum mean temperature of the warmest month and the minimum mean temperature of the coldest month. Late survival rates were positively associated with SLA and soil organic matter, but negatively associated with plant height and precipitation. The temperature had a positive effect on late survival rates once the plants overcame the critical period of the first summer after they were transplanted to the field. Prosopis flexuosa and S. johnstonii were the most successful species in our study. This could be due to their functional traits that allow these species to acclimatize to the local environment. Further research should focus on C. microphylla and G. decorticans to determine how they relate to productive conditions, acclimation to environmental stress, auto-eco

关键词： arid lands Condalia microphylla Geoffroea decorticans Prosopis flexuosa Schinus johnstonii survival rates height growth basal diameter growth

Tropical dendrochronology applied to invasive tree species in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第1期32卷 91-101页

作者： carolina Nogueira Xavier Daniela Granato-Souza Ana carolina m.C.Barbosa JoséReinaldo moreira da Silva Forest Sciences Department Federal University of Lavras(UFLA)C.P.3037Lavras 37200-000Brazil Department of Geosciences University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA

The Atlantic Forest is one of the largest and most biodiverse rainforests of South America but anthropogenic activities are drastically changing these *** invasion of alien or exotic species is one of the greatest threats to *** are few studies of invasive species in tropical Brazilian *** research examines growth and ecological aspects of Syzygium cumini and Clitoria fairchildiana,two invasive tree species in the Pedra Branca State Park,an Atlantic Forest remnant in southeastern *** species were successfully dated,indicating an average age of 58 and 31 years,respectively.A positive relationship between growth and precipitation of the previous growing season suggests an ecological adaptive strategy,which could be facilitating their invasion into the *** growth diameter curves indicate slow and fast growth rates for *** and ***,*** release episodes detected in the tree rings indicate increased anthropogenic disturbances over the last 50 years.

关键词： Atlantic Forest biome invasive species Protected areas Tree rings

Experimental approaches to select tree species for forest restoration:effects of light,water availability and interspecific competition in degraded areas

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1197-1207页

作者： Johanna Croce Ernesto i.Badano carolina B.Trigo Fernanda martinez-Galvez Andrés Tálamo Laboratorio de Ecología Aplicada a la Conservación Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del Noroeste ArgentinoConsejo de Investigaciones Científi cas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de SaltaAvenida Bolivia 51504400 SaltaArgentina iPiCYT/División de Ciencias Ambientales Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científi ca y TecnológicaCamino a la Presa San José2055Colonia Lomas 4^(a)Sección78216 San Luis PotosíMéxico

Knowing what native trees can recr uit on degraded areas allows selecting the best species to restore these ***,as this information is not often available,experimentation is required before large-scale *** study used ex situ experiments to make these decisions on *** with r-strategist plants,excessive solar radiation and water shortage commonly impair tree recruitment in open *** experiments focused on the interactions among these factors and were conducted with three pioneer species from seasonally dry forests of northwest Argentina,Anadenanthera colubrina,Ceiba chodatii and Jacaranda *** of each species were sown at two light levels(sunlight/shade),two rainfall levels(full/reduced)and two levels of interspecific competition(with/without competitor)in a tree *** emergence and survival were monitored over a year and the results indicate that species differentially respond to varying levels of light and *** of *** tolerated water shortages under elevated solar radiation,which are desirable features for forest *** of *** tolerated shade and drought,suggesting that they require shading for establishing in open ***,*** seedlings neither tolerated full sunlight nor water shortages,suggesting that this species requires shading and regular watering if used in *** of the effects of light and water,the survival of all species was reduced by interspecific *** results highlight the importance of experimentation for selecting the best species for forest restoration and can enhance the cost/benefit ratios of these actions.

关键词： Common-garden experiments Drought Ecological restoration interspecific competition Seedling survival Shade

Radiomics in pancreatic cancer for oncologist:Present and future

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases international 2022年第4期21卷 356-361页

作者： carolina de la Pinta Radiation Oncology Department Ramón y Cajal University HospitalIRYCISAlcaláUniversity28034 MadridSpain

Radiomics is changing the world of medicine and more specifically the world of *** diagnosis and treatment improve the prognosis of patients with *** treatment,the evaluation of the response will determine future *** oncology,every change in treatment means a loss of therapeutic options and this is key in pancreatic *** has been developed in oncology in the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions,in the evaluation of response,in the prediction of possible side effects,marking the risk of recurrence,survival and prognosis of the *** studies have validated its use to differentiate normal tissues from tumor tissues with high sensitivity and specificity,and to differentiate cystic lesions and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor grades with texture *** addition,these parameters have been related to survival in patients with pancreatic cancer and to response to radiotherapy and *** review aimed to establish the current status of the use of radiomics in pancreatic cancer and future perspectives.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Radiomics Radiogenomics