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World journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第16期12卷 2536-2548页

作者： Gerald U Denk Shi-Ying Cai Wen-Sheng Chen Aiping Lin carol j.soroka james L Boyer Liver Center Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut United States W. M. Keck Biotechnology Resource Laboratory Yale University School of Medicine New Haven ConnecticutUnited States Department of Medicine II-GroBhadem LudwigMaximilians University Miinchen Germany Department of Gastroenterology Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400038China

AIM： To assess the effects of obstructive cholestasis on a wider range of gene expression using microarray technology. METHODS： Male C57BI_/6j mice underwent common bile duct ligation （BDL） and were matched with pairfed sham-operated controls. After 7 d, the animals were sacrificed and total RNA was isolated from livers and kidneys. Equal amounts of RNA from each tissue were pooled for each group and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChip^MG-U74Av2 containing a total of 12488 probe sets. Data analysis was performed using GeneSpring 6.0 software. Northern analysis and immunofluorescence were used for validation. RESULTS： In sham-operated and BDL mice, 44 and 50% of 12488 genes were expressed in livers, whereas 49 and 51% were expressed in kidneys, respectively. Seven days after BDL, 265 liver and 112 kidney genes with GeneOntology annotation were up-regulated and 113 liver and 36 kidney genes were down-regulated in comparison with sham-operated controls. Many genes were commonly regulated in both tissues and metabolism-related genes represented the largest functional group. CONCLUSION： Following BDL, microarray analysis reveals a broad range of gene alterations in both liver and kidney.

关键词： Bile duct ligation Cholestasis Kidney Liver Microarray

Effect of ethanol on pro-apoptotic mechanisms in polarizedhepatic cells

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第37期13卷 4960-4966页

作者： Benita L McVicker Dean j Tuma carol A Casey Liver Study Unit Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha NE 68105 United States

Chronic ethanol consumption is associated with serious and potentially fatal alcohol-related liver injuries such as hepatomegaly, alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis. Moreover, it has been documented that the clinical progression of alcohol-induced liver damage may be associated with an increase in hepatocellular death that involves apoptotic mechanisms. Although much information has been learned about the clinical manifestations associated with alcohol-related diseases, the search continues for a better understanding of the molecular and/or cellular mechanisms by which ethanol exerts its deleterious effects such as the induction of pro-apoptotic mechanisms and related cell damaging events. As part of the effort to enhance our understanding of those particular cellular pathways and mechanisms associated with ethanol toxicity, researchers over the years have utilized a variety of model systems. Recently, work has come forth demonstrating the utility of a hybrid cell line (WIF-B) as a cell culture model system for the study of alcohol-associated alterations in hepatocellular mechanisms. Success with such emerging model systems could aid in the development of potential therapeutic treatments for the prevention of alcohol- induced apoptotic cell death that may ultimately serve as a significant target in delaying the onset and/or progression of clinical symptoms of alcohol-mediated liver disease. This review article summarizes the current understanding of ethanol-mediated modifications in cell survival and thus the promotion of pro-apoptotic events with emphasis on analyses made in various experimental model systems, particularly the more recently characterized WIF-B cell system.

关键词： Hepatoma hybrid cells Ethanol Apoptosis Fas receptor Caspase

Feasibility study of phase-sensitive imaging based on multiple reference optical coherence tomography

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Chinese Optics Letters 2017年第9期15卷 25-30页

作者： Roshan Dsouza Hrebesh Subhash Kai Neuhaus Paul M.McNamara josh Hogan carol Wilson Martin j.Leahy Tissue Optics and Microcirculation Imaging Group School of PhysicsNational University of IrelandGalway H91 CF50Ireland Compact Imaging Ireland Ltd. Galway H91 CF50Ireland Colgate-Palmolive Global Technology Centre Piscataway NJ 08855USA Compact Imaging Inc.Mountain View 94043USA Royal College of Surgeons(RCSI) DublinIreland

Multiple reference optical coherence tomography（MR-OCT） is a recently developed, low-cost and compact time-domain OCT solution for primary care and consumer level applications. A combination of a voice coil actuator and a partial mirror（PM） extends the scan range for imaging depths of approximately 1 mm in biological samples. Our previous research on MR-OCT is based only on intensity information obtained from the depth-resolved interference signal. In this Letter, we extract the phase information from the MR-OCT signal and, hence, provide an additional contrast modality. The phase sensitivity of the system is measured to be approximately 0.2 and 1.5 rad for the first and twelfth orders of reflection when using a mirror as the *** Letter describes first results of phase-sensitive data measured on a phantom obtained with MR-OCT. Data from a chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane（CAM） is used to demonstrate the feasibility of MR-OCT for in vivo phase-sensitive imaging.

关键词： Feasibility study of phase-sensitive imaging based on multiple reference optical coherence tomography VCM Figure CAM

Feeding the world: impacts of elevated [CO_(2)] on nutrient content of greenhouse grown fruit crops and options for future yield gains

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Horticulture Research 2023年第4期10卷 83-100页

作者： Nicholas H.Doddrell Tracy Lawson Christine A.Raines carol Wagstaff Andrew j.Simkin NIAB New RoadEast MallingKentME196BJ UK Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences University of ReadingWhiteknightsReadingBerkshire RG66DZUK School of Life Sciences University of EssexColchester CO44SQUK School of Biosciences University of KentCanterburyUnited Kingdom CT27NJUK

Several long-term studies have provided strong support demonstrating that growing crops under elevated[CO_(2)]can increase photosynthesis and result in an increase in yield,flavour and nutritional content(including but not limited to Vitamins C,E and pro-vitamin A).In the case of tomato,increases in yield by as much as 80%are observed when plants are cultivated at 1000 ppm[CO_(2)],which is consistent with current commercial greenhouse productionmethods in the tomato fruit *** results provide a clear demonstration of the potential for elevating[CO_(2)]for improving yield and quality in greenhouse *** major focus of this review is to bring together 50 years of observations evaluating the impact of elevated[CO_(2)]on fruit yield and fruit nutritional *** the final section,we consider the need to engineer improvements to photosynthesis and nitrogen assimilation to allow plants to take greater advantage of elevated CO_(2) growth conditions.

关键词： crops greenhouse content

Enhanced dielectric and optical properties of nanoscale barium hexaferrites for optoelectronics and high frequency application

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第12期27卷 517-525页

作者： j Mohammed A B Suleiman Tchouank Tekou carol T H Y Hafeez jyoti Sharma Pradip K Maji Sachin Godara Kumar A K Srivastava Department of Physics School of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences Lovely Professional University Department of Physics Faculty of Science Federal University Dutse SRM Research Institute SRM University Department of Polymer and Processing Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Department of Chemistry Guru Nanak Dev University

M-type barium hexaferrites with chemical composition Ba1-xDyxFe12-yCryO19(x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, and y =0.0, 0.4, 0.5) were synthesized via sol–gel auto-combustion method. The samples were pre-sintered at 400℃ for 3 h and sintered at 950℃ for 5 h. The changes in the structural, dielectric, and optical properties were studied after the substitution of Dy3+and Cr3+ions. X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis confirms the formation of single phase hexaferrites with the absence of secondary phase. FTIR analysis gives an idea of the formation of hexaferrites with the appearance of two peaks at 438 cm-1and 589 cm-1. The field emission scanning electron micrographs(FESEM) show a combination of crystallites with large shapes close to hexagonal platelet-like shape and others with rice or rod-like shapes, whereas EDX and elemental analysis confirm the stoichiometry of prepared samples. The calculated band gap from UV-vis NIR spectroscopy spectra was found to decreases with increase in Dy3+–Cr3+substitution. The dielectric properties were explained on the basis of Maxwell–Wagner model. Enhancement of dielectric constant at higher frequencies was observed in all the samples. Low dielectric loss is also observed in all the samples and Cole–Cole plot shows that grain boundary resistance(Rgb) contribute most to the dielectric properties. The prepared samples exhibit properties that could be useful for optoelectronics and high frequency application.

关键词： Maxwell–Wagner model dielectric constant Cole–Cole plot optical band-gap

Correlation of intestinal disaccharidase activities with the C/T_(-13910) variant and age

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第25期13卷 3508-3512页

作者： Nabil Sabri Enattah Mikko Kuokkanen carol Forsblom Sirajedin Natah Aino Oksanen Irm jrvel Leena Peltonen Erkki Savilahti Department of Molecular Medicine National Public Health Institute Helsinki Finland and Department of Medical Genetics University of Helsinki Finland the Folkhlsan Research Center Helsinki Division of Nephrology and Division of Internal Medicine Department of Medicine Helsinki University Central Hospital Department of Physiology Biophysics and Medicine (GI Division) Gastrointestinal Research Group Health Sciences Center University of Calgary Alberta Canada Herttoniemi Hospital Helsinki Finland Laboratory of Molecular Genetics Helsinki University Central Hospital Helsinki Finland Hospital for Children and Adolescents University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland

AIM： To correlate the C/T-13910 variant, associated with lactase persistence/non-persistence （adulttype hypolactasia） trait, with intestinal disaccharidase activities in different age groups of the adult population.METHODS： Intestinal biopsies were obtained from 222 adults aged 18 to 83 years undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy because of unspecified abdominal complaints. The biopsies were assayed for lactase, sucrase and maltase activities and genotyped for the C/T-13910 variant using PCR-minisequencing. RESULTS： There was a significant correlation between lactase activity and the C/T-13910 variant （P 〈 0.00001）. The mean level of lactase activity among subjects with C/C-1391o genotype was 6.86± 0.35 U/g, with C/T-13910 genotype 37.8 ± 1.4 U/g, and with T/T-13910 genotype 57.6± 2.4 U/g protein, showing a trimodal distribution of this enzyme activity. Significant differences were also observed in maltase activities among individuals with different C/T-13910 genotypes （P = 0.005）. In contrast, in sucrase activity, no significant differences emerged between the C/T-13910 genotypes （P = 0.14）. There were no statistical differences in lactase （P = 0.84）, sucrase （P = 0.18）, or maltase activity （P = 0.24） among different age groups. In the majority （〉 84%） of the patients with the C/C-13910 genotype associated with lactase non- persistence, the lactase activity was less than 10 U/g protein.CONCLUSION： Our study demonstrates a statistically significant correlation between the C/T-13910 genotype and lactase activity and this correlation is not affected by age in adults but the cut-off value of 20 U/g protein used for the diagnosis of lactase non-persistence might be too high.

关键词： Adult-type hypolactasia Lactase persistence Disaccharidase activities C/T-1390 genotype Age

Ecological factors influencing the beneficial endosymbionts of the hemlock woolly adelgid (Hemiptera:Adelgidae)

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Insect Science 2019年第1期26卷 97-107页

作者： Angela M.Mech Sherilyn j.Harper Nathan P.Havill carol D.von Dohlen Gaelen R.Burke Department of Entomology University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA USDA Forest Service Northern Research StationHamdenConnecticutUSA Department of Biology Utah State UniversityLoganUtahUSA

Bacterial endosymbionts of sap-sucking insects provide their host with a num- ber of beneficial qualities,including the supply of nutrition,defense against parasitoids, and protection from heat *** to these bacterial associates can therefore have a negative impact on the fitness of their insect *** evaluated observational and experi- mental factors regarding the normative hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand) (Hemiptera:Adelgidae)to help understand the roles of its three recently identified symbionts,including under heat stress *** prevalence of ***'s facultafive symbiont (Serratia symbiotica)was examined at different spatial scales to determine how variable infection rates are for this *** was no significant difference found in infection rates between adelgids on a tree,within a plot,or within a ***, significantly more adelgids in Georgia (95%)had *** compared to those in New York (68%).Microsatellite genotyping of the adelgids found that this difference was most likely not the result of a second introduction *** into eastern North *** *** proportions between first and fourth instars showed that symbiont absence did not affect the ability *** to survive *** of sym- biont densities within each adelgid found that when *** was absent,the density of obligate symbionts was significantly *** to heat stress (32.5℃)was not consistently correlated with changes in symbiont densities over a 4-d ***,we have shown that symbiont prevalence and densities vary within the broad population of *** in eastern North America,with potentially significant effects upon the ecology of this important pest.

关键词： Adelges tsugae Anncindia adelgestsuga bacterial endosymbionts Serratia symbiotica Pseudomonas adelgestsugas

Higher testosterone levels are associated with increased highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol in men with cardiovascular disease： results from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study

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Asian journal of Andrology 2008年第2期10卷 193-200页

作者： Stephanie T. Page Beth A. Mohr carol L. Link Amy B. O＇Oonnell William j. Bremner john B. McKinlay Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle 98195 USA New England Research Institutes Watertown 02472 USA

Aim： To study the relationship between circulating androgens （total testosterone [TT], free testosterone [IT] and dihydrotestosterone [DHT]） and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） in men with and without cardiovascular disease （CVD）. Methods： Cross-sectional analyses included 1 661 baseline samples from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study （MMAS）, a population-based cohort of men ages 40-70 years. Serum hormones were measured by radioimmunoassay and HDL-C was determined following precipitation of the lower density lipoproteins. CVD was determined by self-report. Analyses were performed using multiple linear regression. Results： TT and HDL-C were positively correlated in the entire sample （r = 0.11, P = 0.0001）. After adjusting for confounders, we found this relationship was mostly limited to the 209 men with CVD. Among men with CVD, TT （P = 0.0004）, iT （P = 0.0172） and DHT （P = 0.0128） were all positively correlated with HDL-C, whereas in men without CVD only TT correlated with HDL-C （P = 0.0099）. Conclusion： Our results suggest that if androgens contribute to CVD in middle-aged men, the effect is not related to a suppressive effect of endogenous T on HDL-C. （Asian jAndrol 2008 Mar; 10： 193-200）

关键词： testosterone high-density lipoprotein cholesterol androgens epidemiology

Differences in Several Endogenous Phytohormones Between the Dwarfing and Normal Trifoliate Orange Rootstocks

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Differences in Several Endogenous Phytohormones Between the ...

A rare cause of gastro-intestinal hemorrhage in a patient with a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

2005年全国植物生长物质研讨会

作者： carol j Lovatt Department of Botany and Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaRiversideCA 92521USA

＜正＞‘Flying Dragon’ trifoliate orange （Poncirus trifoliata cv. monstrosa） is a commercially important dwarfing rootstock widely used by the citrus industry. However, the mechanism of its strong dwarfing effect is poorly understood. In an attempt to study the role of phytohormones for the scion-rootstock interaction on tree vigor, uniform 1 year-old seedlings of both the dwarfing ’Flying Dragon’ and normal trifoliate orange （Poncirus trifoliata ***.） rootstocks were hydroponically grown directly from seeds in the greenhouse. The endogenous indole-3-acetic acid （IAA）, abscisic acid （ABA）, gibberellic acid （GA3） and isopentenyl adenosine （iPA） in different parts of both rootstocks were analyzed using standard radioimmunoassay （RIA） . The results were showed as follows:

关键词： trifoliate orange rootstock vigor phytohormones IAA ABA

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第1期4卷 84-86,I0003页

作者： Richard H.Cartabuke Paresh P.Mehta Kevin El-Hayek j.Michael Henderson carol A.Burke Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA Department of General Surgery Cleveland ClinicClevelandOhioUSA

This case illustrates a rare cause of gastro-intestinal bleeding following bariatric *** it is essential to rule out common causes of variceal formation accompanied by intermittent,profuse bleeding,there should be a high degree of suspicion of this rare etiology in patients who have previously undergone alteration of their anatomy,especially Roux-en-Y gastric bypass(RYGB).The case emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary medical-surgical team in evaluating and treating patients who present with complex intra-abdominal pathology.

关键词： gastro-intestinal bleeding superior mesenteric venous thrombosis Roux-en-Y gastric bypass