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Role of ammonia in predicting the outcome of patients with acuteon- chronic liver failure

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第3期9卷 552-564页

作者： Stefan Chiriac carol Stanciu Camelia Cojocariu Ana-Maria Singeap Catalin Sfarti Tudor Cuciureanu Irina Girleanu Razvan Alexandru Igna Anca Trifan Department of Gastroenterology “Grigore T.Popa”University of Medicine and PharmacyIasi 700115Romania Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology "St.Spiridon"Emergency HospitalIasi 700111Romania Intensive Care “Grigore T.Popa”University of Medicine and PharmacyIasi 700115Romania

BACKGROUND High venous ammonia(VA)values have been proven to be a part of the mechanism of hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis(lC)as well as acute ***,VA has been associated with poor prognosis and high mortality in these clinical ***,the role of ammonia in acuteon-chronic liver failure(AClF)has not yet been clearly *** To assess the role of VA in predicting the outcome of cirrhotic patients with AClF in a tertiary care *** We performed a retrospective observational study including consecutive patients with lC hospitalized for acute non-elective indications such as ascites,hepatic encephalopathy(HE),upper gastrointestinal bleeding,or bacterial infections that fulfilled the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the liver(APASl)criteria for *** study was conducted in“***”University Hospital,Iasi,Romania,a tertiary care center,between January 2017 and January *** APASl AClF Research Consortium(AARC)score was calculated and AClF grade was established ***-haven classification was used for *** analysis was performed using IBM SPSS version *** Four hundred and forty-six patients were included,aged 59(50-65)years,57.4%***-Pugh,model for end-stage liver disease(MElD)and AARC scores were 11(10-12),19.13±6.79,and 7(6-8),respectively.66.4%had AClF grade I,31.2%AClF grade II,and 2.5%AClF grade *** was diagnosed in 83.9%,34%grade I,37.2%grade II,23.5%grade III,and 5.3%grade *** mortality was 7.8%.VA was 103(78-148)μmol/*** operating characteristic analysis showed good accuracy for the prediction of in-hospital mortality for the AARC score[Area under the curve(AUC)=0.886],MElD score(AUC=0.816),VA(AUC=0.812)and a fair accuracy for the Child-Pugh score(AUC=0.799).Subsequently,a cut-off value for the prediction of mortality was identified for VA(152.5μmol/l,sensitivity=0.706,1-specificity=0.190).Univariate analysis found acute kidney in

关键词： Venous ammonia Hepatic encephalopathy Acute-on-chronic liver failure Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the liver Acute-on-chronic liver Failure Research Consortium score Cirrhosis Mortality

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Defining Stress among Corrections Professionals

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021年第6期11卷 237-250页

作者： Jessica Ballin Meike Niederhausen Kerry S. Kuehl Diane l. Elliot Wendy McGinnis carol De Francesco Department of Health Promotion & Sports Medicine Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR USA Oregon Health & Science University-Portland State University School of Public Health Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR USA

Corrections professionals experience high levels of acute and chronic work-related stress. This stress leads to increased mental and physical illness, early disability and mortality, and increased healthcare costs. Reducing stress requires identifying and prioritizing factors that contribute to it. Corrections professionals (n = 296) working at six different Oregon Department of Corrections facilities completed a cross-sectional survey, including demographics, work history and validated stress and occupational constructs. The outcome of perceived stress was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4 Short Form). Using a linear mixed effects regression model, we found that perceived stress increases with increased work-related stress (p = 0.02), work hours (p = 0.03), operational stressors (p = 0.002), and lack of procedural injustice (p = 0.03) and decreases with more time employed at current facility (p = 0.06), improved job satisfaction (p ls (p = 0.05). Identifying these predictors of stress can inform the development of policy changes to mitigate the stress of this challenged work force.

关键词： Perceived Stress Corrections Professionals Work-Related Stress Occupational Stressors Procedural Justice

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Genomic scanning enabling discovery of a new antibacterial bicyclic carbamate-containing alkaloid

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2021年第1期6卷 12-19页

作者： Qing Fang linrui Wu caroline Urwald Morgane Mugat Shan Wang Kwaku Kyeremeh carol Philips Samantha law d Yongjun Zhou Hai Deng Marine Biodiscovery Centre Department of ChemistryUniversity of AberdeenMeston WalkAberdeenAB243UEScotlandUK ENSAIA 2 avenue de la forêt de Haye54505 vandoeuvre lès NancyFrance Department of Chemistry University of GhanaP.O.Box LG56Legon-AccraGhana NCIMB ltd Ferguson BuildingCraibstone EstateBucksburnAberdeenAB219YAScotlandUK Research Centre for Marine Drugs State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesDepartment of PharmacyRen Ji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China

Non-ribosomal peptides are a group of structurally diverse natural products with various important therapeutic and agrochemical *** pyrrolizidine alkaloids(PAs),containing a scaffold of two fused five-membered ring system with a nitrogen atom at the bridgehead,have been found to originate from a multidomain non-ribosomal peptide synthetase to generate indolizidine intermediates,followed by multistep oxidation,catalysed by single Bayer-Villiger(BV)enzymes,to yield PA *** bacterial PAs are rare in natural product inventory,bioinformatics analysis suggested that the biosynthetic gene clusters(BGCs)that are likely to be responsible for the production of PA-like metabolites are widely distributed in bacterial ***,most of the strains containing PA-like BGCs are not deposited in the public domain,therefore preventing further assessment of the chemical spaces of this group of bioactive ***,we report a genomic scanning strategy to assess the potential of PA metabolites production in our culture collection without prior knowledge of genome *** the strains tested,we found fifteen contain the key BV enzymes that are likely to be involved in the last step of PA ring *** one-strain-many-compound(OSMAC)method,supported by a combination of HR-MS,NMR,SMART 2.0 technology,and GNPS analysis,allowed identification and characterization of a new[5+7]heterobicyclic carbamate,legoncarbamate,together with five known PAs,bohemamine derivatives,from Streptomyces ***37,a Ghanaian soil *** absolute stereochemistry of legoncarbamate was determined by comparison of measured and calculated ECD *** displays antibacterial activity against *** ATCC 25922 with an MIC value of 3.1μg/***,a biosynthetic model of legoncarbamate and other bohemamines was proposed based on the knowledge we have gained so far.

关键词： Genomic scanning Bayer villiger monooxygenase Carbamate alkaloids Pyrrolizidine alkaloids Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases

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Efficacy of Cooling Beef Taco Meat and Steamed Rice in United States School Foodservice Operations

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第7期4卷 735-740页

作者： David A. Olds Kevin R. Roberts Kevin l. Sauer Jeannie Sneed carol W. Shanklin Department of Family and Consumer Sciences Bradley University Peoria USA Graduate School & the Center of Excellence for Food Safety Research in Child Nutrition Programs Department of Hospitality Management and Dietetics Kansas State University Manhattan USA. The Center of Excellence for Food Safety Research in Child Nutrition Programs Department of Hospitality Management and Dietetics Kansas State University Manhattan USA

Food is frequently cooked, cooled and reheated for service at a later time in schools and other foodservice operations in the United States [US]. Inadequate cooling of food has been associated with foodborne illness. The purpose of this study was to determine if practices commonly used in school foodservice to cool beef taco meat and steamed rice would meet US Food and Drug Administration [FDA] 2009 Food Code standards. Prepared products cooled at 5.08 cm and 7.62 cm depths in stainless steel counter pans were placed uncovered in a walk-in refrigerator, a walk-in freezer (beef taco meat only), and a walk-in refrigerator with an ice water bath. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including mean times and temperatures, with standard deviations. Cooling beef taco meat in a walk-in freezer at a depth of two inches and cooling steamed rice in a walk-in refrigerator at a depth of two inches with an ice water bath were the only methods that met both FDA Food Code time and temperature standards. Results suggest that challenges and risks exist with common methods used to cool food, especially if food volume is not reduced before cooling. Specific protocols for cooling procedures based on types of food and equipment are needed. These findings and recommendations are important for foodservice professionals who oversee food services and cooling practices in schools and other operations.

关键词： Cooling Schools Foodservice FDA Food Code

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Pseudopemphigoid as caused by topical drugs and pemphigus disease

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World Journal of Ophthalmology 2015年第1期5卷 1-15页

作者： laura C Huang James R Wong Javier Alonso-llamazares Carlos H Nousari Victor l Perez Guillermo Amescua carol l Karp Anat Galor Department of Ophthalmology Bascom Palmer Eye InstituteUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136United States Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery Miami Veterans Administration Medical CenterMiamiFL 33136United States Institute for Immunofluorescence Pompano BeachFL 33069United States Ameripath/Quest South Florida Pompano BeachFL 33069United States Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136United States Department of Ophthalmology Miami Veterans Administration Medical CenterMiamiFL 33136United States

Pseudopemphigoid can cause a chronic cicatricial conjunctivitis that is clinically identical to the manifestations seen in mucous membrane pemphigoid, a disorder with a common clinical phenotype and multiple autoimmune links. For the purpose of this review, we will describe pseudopemphigoid as caused by topical drugs, the most common etiology with ocular manifestations, and as caused by the pemphigus disease, a more rare etiology. Specifically, we will discuss the ophthalmological features of drug-induced cicatricial conjunctivitis, pemphigus vulgaris, and paraneoplastic pemphigus. Other etiologies of pseudopemphigoid exist that will not be described in this review including autoimmune or inflammatory conditions such as lichen planus, sarcoidosis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis(Wegener's granulomatosis), erythema multiforme(minor, major, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome), bullous pemphigoid, skin-dominated linear IgA bullous dermatosis, and skin-dominated epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. Prompt diagnosis of the underlying etiology in pseudopemphigoid is paramount to the patient's outcome as certain diseases are associated with a more severe clinical course, increased ocular involvement, and differential response to treatment. A completehistory and ocular examination may find early cicatricial changes in the conjunctiva that are important to note and evaluate to avoid progression to more severe disease manifestations. When such cicatricial changes are noted, proper diagnostic techniques are needed to help elucidate a diagnosis. lastly, collaboration between ophthalmologists and subspecialists such as dermatologists, pathologists, immunologists, and others involved in the care of the patient is needed to ensure optimal management of disease.

关键词： Pseudopemphigoid Mucous membrane pemphigoid Cicatricial conjunctivitis Pemphigus vulgaris Paraneoplastic pemphigus Drug-induced conjunctival cicatrization

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The cartilage matrisome in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

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Bone Research 2020年第1期8卷 1-13页

作者： carol AWise Diane Sepich Aki Ushiki Anas MKhanshour Yared HKidane Nadja Makki Christina AGurnett Ryan SGray Jonathan JRios Nadav Ahituv lila Solnica-Krezel Center for Pediatric Bone Biology and Translational Research Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children2222 Welborn St.DallasTX 75219USA McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75235USA Departments of Pediatrics University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75235USA Orthopaedic Surgery University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75235USA Department of Developmental Biology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94158USA Institute for Human Genetics University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA 94158USA Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology University of FloridaCollege of MedicineGainesvilleFL 32610USA Departments of Neurology Washington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO 63110USA Pediatrics Washington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO 63110USA Orthopaedic Surgery Washington University School of MedicineSt LouisMO 63110USA Department of Pediatrics Dell Pediatric Research InstituteUniversity of Texas at Austin Dell Medical SchoolAustinTX 78723USA

The human spinal column is a dynamic,segmented,bony,and cartilaginous structure that protects the neurologic system and simultaneously provides balance and *** with developmental disorders that affect the patterning or shape of the spine can be at risk of neurologic and other physiologic *** most common developmental disorder of the spine is scoliosis,a lateral deformity in the shape of the spinal *** may be part of the clinical spectrum that is observed in many developmental disorders,but typically presents as an isolated symptom in otherwise healthy adolescent *** idiopathic scoliosis(AIS)has defied understanding in part due to its genetic *** have come from recent genome-wide association studies(GWAS)and next generation sequencing(NGS)of human AIS cohorts,as well as investigations of animal *** studies have identified genetic associations with determinants of cartilage biogenesis and development of the intervertebral disc(IVD).Current evidence suggests that a fraction of AIS cases may arise from variation in factors involved in the structural integrity and homeostasis of the cartilaginous extracellular matrix(ECM).Here,we review the development of the spine and spinal cartilages,the composition of the cartilage ECM,the so-called"matrisome"and its functions,and the players involved in the genetic architecture of *** also propose a molecular model by which the cartilage matrisome of the IVD contributes to AIS susceptibility.

关键词： cartilage adolescent scoliosis

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The role and modulation of autophagy in experimental models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2014年第4期11卷 338-348页

作者： carol Chen-Scarabelli Pratik R. Agrawal louis Saravolatz Cadigia Abuniat Gabriele Scarabelli Anastasis Stephanou leena loomba Jagat Narula Tiziano M. Scarabelli Richard Knight VA Ann Arbor Health Care System University of Michigan 2215 Fuller Rd Ann Arbor M148105 USA Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Mount Sinai Medical Center One Gustave L. Levy Place Box 1030 New York NY 10029-6574 USA St John Hospital and Medical Center Wayne State University School of Medicine 22101 Moross Rd. Detroit M148236 USA Medical and Molecular Biology Unit University College London UCL 30 Guildford St. London WC1N 1EH UK

A physiological sequence called autophagy qualitatively determines cellular viability by removing protein aggregates and damaged cyto-plasmic constituents, and contributes significantly to the degree of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion （I/R） injury. This tightly orchestrated cata-bolic cellular‘housekeeping’ process provides cells with a new source of energy to adapt to stressful conditions. This process was first described as a pro-survival mechanism, but increasing evidence suggests that it can also lead to the demise of the cell. Autophagy has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple cardiac conditions including myocardial I/R injury. However, a debate persists as to whether autophagy acts as a protec-tive mechanism or contributes to the injurious effects of I/R injury in the heart. This controversy may stem from several factors including the va-riability in the experimental models and species, and the methodology used to assess autophagy. This review provides updated knowledge on the modulation and role of autophagy in isolated cardiac cells subjected to I/R, and the growing interest towards manipulating autophagy to increase the survival of cardiac myocytes under conditions of stress-most notably being I/R injury. Perturbation of this evolutionarily conserved intracellular cleansing autophagy mechanism, by targeted modulation through, among others, mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） inhibitors, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK） modulators, calcium lowering agents, resveratrol, longevinex, sirtuin activators, the proapoptotic gene Bnip3, IP3 and lysosome inhibitors, may confer resistance to heart cells against I/R induced cell death. Thus, therapeutic ma-nipulation of autophagy in the challenged myocardium may benefit post-infarction cardiac healing and remodeling.

关键词： Autophagy Heart Ischemia-reperfusion injury Cell survival

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Market models

Market models

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2001年

作者： Alexander carol.

ISBN: (纸本)9780471899754

Market Models provides an authoritative and up-to-date treatment of the use of market data to develop models for financial analysis. Written by a leading figure in the field of financial data analysis, this book is the first of its kind to address the vital techniques required for model selection and development. Model developers are faced with many decisions, about the pricing, the data, the statistical methodology and the calibration and testing of the model prior to implementation. It is important to make the right choices and carol Alexander's clear exposition provides valuable insights at every stage. In each of the 13 Chapters, Market Models presents real world illustrations to motivate theoretical developments. The accompanying CD contains spreadsheets with data and programs; this enables you to implement and adapt many of the examples. The pricing of options using normal mixture density functions to model returns; the use of Monte Carlo simulation to calculate the VaR of an options portfolio; modifying the covariance VaR to allow for fat-tailed P&l distributions; the calculation of implied, EWMA and 'historic' volatilities; GARCH volatility term structure forecasting; principal components analysis; and many more are all included. carol Alexander brings many new insights to the pricing and hedging of options with her understanding of volatility and correlation, and the uncertainty which surrounds these key determinants of option portfolio risk. Modelling the market risk of portfolios is covered where the main focus is on a linear algebraic approach; the covariance matrix and principal component analysis are developed as key tools for the analysis of financial systems. The traditional time series econometric approach is also explained with coverage ranging from the application cointegration to long-short equity hedge funds, to high-frequency data prediction using neural networks and nearest neighbour algorithms. Throughout this text the emphasis is on understa

关键词： Stock price forecasting

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患有氯痤疮的三氯苯酚和五氯苯酚接触工人血清二恶英和呋喃的水平(英文)

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环境与职业医学 2010年第1期27卷 27-30页

作者： BURNS carol J COllINS James J BODNER Kenneth BUDINSKY Robert A WIlKEN Michael lAMPARSKI les l CARSON Michael l 陶氏化学公司流行病学部

[目的]调查患有或不患有氯痤疮的三氯苯酚(tri-chlorophenol,TCP)或五氯苯酚(pentachlorophenol,PCP)接触工人血清的二恶英水平,并观察患氯痤疮工人的特征。[方法]收集26名PCP工人、12名TCP工人和36名没有PCP和TCP暴露史工人的血样,并... 详细信息

[目的]调查患有或不患有氯痤疮的三氯苯酚(tri-chlorophenol,TCP)或五氯苯酚(pentachlorophenol,PCP)接触工人血清的二恶英水平,并观察患氯痤疮工人的特征。[方法]收集26名PCP工人、12名TCP工人和36名没有PCP和TCP暴露史工人的血样,并测定二恶英含量。氯痤疮的确定根据工厂医疗记录。[结果]PCP工人中,患氯痤疮与未患氯痤疮的工人相比具有更高毒性当量(根据世界卫生组织)的2378-TCDD,12378-PeCDD,123678-H6CDD,123789-H6CDD和123678-H6CDF水平。而在TCP工人中,虽然曾患有氯痤疮的工人血清中2378-TCDD水平较高,但与未患有氯痤疮者的血清水平上并无明显差异。氯痤疮的公认危险因素有首次暴露年龄较小和距第一次暴露的时间较长等,但仅在接触TPC工人中得到证实。PCP工人患氯痤疮和诊断前较长的接触时间相关。[结论]氯痤疮是二恶英高暴露的良好指标。TCP和PCP接触工人的血清二恶英同系物具有明显不同的特点。

关键词：氯痤疮五氯苯酚三氯苯酚二恶英血清

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眼内晚期视网膜母细胞瘤静脉化学治疗失败后行眼动脉介入化学治疗的疗效观察

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中华眼底病杂志 2015年第6期31卷 556-559页

作者：季迅达李家恺赵军阳张靖华续明 carol l. Shields 赵培泉上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院眼科 200092 上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院神经外科 200092 首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院眼科广州市妇女儿童医疗中心介入血管瘤科美国费城Wills眼科医院

目的观察眼动脉介入化学药物治疗（化疗）对静脉化疗失败的眼内晚期视网膜母细胞瘤（RB）的疗效。方法经静脉化疗失败后再行眼动脉介入化疗的眼内晚期RB患儿13例15只眼纳入研究。其中，男性10例，女性3例。平均年龄（15．67±8．16）个... 详细信息

目的观察眼动脉介入化学药物治疗（化疗）对静脉化疗失败的眼内晚期视网膜母细胞瘤（RB）的疗效。方法经静脉化疗失败后再行眼动脉介入化疗的眼内晚期RB患儿13例15只眼纳入研究。其中，男性10例，女性3例。平均年龄（15．67±8．16）个月。双眼6例，单眼7例。右眼5只，左眼10只。国际RB分期D期14只眼，占93．33％；E期1只眼，占6．67％。所有患眼均采用长春新碱、依托泊苷和卡铂3药联合的静脉化疗。持续2～8个疗程。静脉化疗后原发视网膜瘤体初步控制后复发3只眼，占20．00％；视网膜下种植灶广泛复发9只眼，占60．00％；玻璃体种植复发2只眼，占13．33％；原发视网膜实性瘤体未能有效控制1只眼，占6．67％。根据患儿年龄、体重和病情选择米尔法兰、拓扑替康和卡铂等药物行眼动脉介入化疗。静脉化疗结束至眼动脉介入化疗开始的时间间隔中位数为3个月。治疗1～5个疗程。治疗结束后随访时间为3～52个月，中位数19个月。观察瘤体控制情况。结果15只眼中，视网膜瘤体稳定、无有活性的视网膜下或玻璃体种植12只眼，占80．00％；因严重玻璃体种植、广泛视网膜下种植和视网膜瘤体复发导致病情未能有效控制，最终行眼球摘除手术3只眼，占20．00％。无1例发生眼眶或全身转移。结论眼动脉介入化疗对静脉化疗失败的眼内晚期RB有比较好的疗效，保眼率为80．00％。

关键词：视网膜母细胞瘤/药物疗法化学疗法肿瘤局部灌注治疗结果

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