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Same place, different time, head up: Multiple antipredator responses to a recolonizing apex predator

Current Zoology 2023年第6期69卷 703-717页

作者： Bruno Esattore Agnese carlotta Rossi Francesco Bazzoni Chiara Riggio Raquel Oliveira Ivan Leggiero Francesco Ferretti Department of Ethology Institute of Animal SciencePratelstvi 81510400UhrinevesPragueCzech Republic Department of Ethology and Companion Animal Science Faculty of AgrobiologyFood and Natural ResourcesCzech University of Life SciencesKamycka 12916500SuchdolPragueCzech Republic Department of Life Sciences Research Unit of Behavioral EcologyEthology and Wildlife ManagementUniversity of SienaVia Pier Andrea Mattioli 453100SienaItaly NBFC National Biodiversity Future CenterPalermo 90133Italy

Prey adjust their antipredator behavioral tactics to minimize the risk of an encounter with *** responses of prey to pred-ators have been reported,but the nature of antipredator response is not ubiquitous and it is the object of increasing interest,especially consid-ering the recent recovery of large carnivores in Europe,and the potential for behavioral antipredator responses to elicit consequences at the ecosystem *** have tested multiple antipredator responses by fallow deer Dama dama to wolf Canis lupus in a Mediterranean protected area recently recolonized by this apex *** intensive camera trapping,we tested for temporal and spatial association between predator and prey,and we have also studied deer vigilance in forest habitats where focal observations are usually *** detection rates were spatially associated with those of fallow ***,no evidence was found for fallow deer avoiding sites with higher predator detection *** activity patterns were significantly different between the 2 species,with the wolf being mainly nocturnal whereas fallow deer was active especially during daylight.A comparison with a preliminary study strongly suggests an increase in the diurnal activity of fallow deer along with the stabilization of wolf presence in the *** the rate and the duration of vigilance of female fallow deer increased with the local frequency of wolf *** suggest an antipredator response based on temporalrather than spatialavoidance,as well as increasedvigilance.

关键词： antipredator responses deer interspecific interactions temporal patterns vigilance

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From trees to fleas: masting indirectly affects flea abundance on a rodent host

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第3期18卷 440-452页

作者： Ivan BALÁŽ MichałBOGDZIEWICZ Sylwia DZIEMIAN-ZWOLAK carlotta LO PRESTI Aleksandra WRÓBEL Milena ZDUNIAK RafałZWOLAK Faculty of Natural Sciences and Informatics Constantine the Philosopher University in NitraNitraSlovakia Department of Systematic Zoology Adam Mickiewicz University in Pozna´nPozna´nPoland INRAE LESSEMUniversity Grenoble AlpesSaint-Martind’HèresFrance University of Catania CataniaItaly Department of Zoology Pozna´n University of Life SciencesPozna´nPoland

Mast seeding causes strongﬂuctuations in populations of forest ***,this phenomenon can be used as a natural experiment to examine how variation in host abundance affects parasite *** investigatedﬂeas infesting yellow-necked mice in beech forest after 2 mast and 2 non-mast *** tested 2 mutually exclusive scenarios:(1)as predicted by classical models of density-dependent transmission,an increase in host density will cause an increase in ectoparasite abundance(deﬁned as the number of parasites per host),versus(2)an increase in host density will cause a decline inﬂea abundance(“dilution,”which is thought to occur when parasite population growth is slower than that of the host).In addition,we assessed whether masting alters the relationship between host traits(sex and body mass)andﬂea *** found a hump-shaped relationship between host andﬂea ***,the most basic predictions are too simple to describe ectoparasite dynamics in this *** addition,masting modiﬁed seasonal dynamics ofﬂea abundance,but did not affect the relationship between host traits andﬂea abundance(individuals with the highest body mass hosted the mostﬂeas;after controlling for body mass,parasite abundance did not vary between sexes).Our results demonstrate that pulses of tree reproduction can indirectly,through changes in host densities,drive patterns of ectoparasite infestation.

关键词： Apodemusﬂavicollis Fagus sylvatica indirect effects pulsed resources Siphonaptera

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Italian Case: The Role of Learning Processes in University Inclusion

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Sociology Study 2023年第6期13卷 281-287页

作者： carlotta Antonelli University of Rome“La Sapienza” RomeItaly

This proposal is focused on the first outputs of the doctoral thesis“Universitabile”based,specifically,on the relationship between educational inclusion(Ainscow&Miles,2009)and ICT(Information and Communications Technology).Starting from a review of the literature on the role of universities as places of inclusion and confrontation with diversity(Bolt&Penketh,2016;Moriña&Gavira,2015),the proposal analyses the inclusion strategies by three main universities in Rome:La Sapienza,Tor Vergata and Roma Tre through a mixed method *** will show the answers to interviews administered to operators of dedicated *** this context,ICT,during the Covid-19 emergency,acted as a facilitator allowing people with disabilities to benefit from distance learning,but also as a barrier,since the evidence shows that technology,if conceived as a facilitator but designed only on the basis of the characteristics of able-bodied users,can represent an obstacle *** this sense,as found by Tsatsou(2020),the inclusion of people with disabilities can be facilitated by the use of digital *** view is also found in Valentini(2008),who emphasises how the use of digital technologies is a prerequisite for the development of concrete *** conclude,it would be appropriate to rethink technology on the basis of Universal Design,i.e.“an approach to the design of technologies that pays more attention to the concept of universal usability:buildings and tools should be conceived,designed and constructed in a way to be usable by all”(Fiocco&Martinati,2002,p.232).

关键词： digital inclusion Universal Design students with disabilities

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Preeclampsia: Definitions, screening tools and diagnostic criteria in the supersonic era

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World Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第3期3卷 98-108页

作者： carlotta Montagnoli Larciprete Giovanni Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Fatebenefratelli Hospital

Preeclampsia is still a major risk factor for maternal-fetal health. Therefore, early identifcation of pregnant women at risk for preeclampsia is a big priority in ob-stetrics in order to decrease the mortality and morbidity associated with this disease. On the basis of well known and new pathophysiological mechanisms of preeclamp-sia, different biochemical and ultrasonographic param-eters have been investigated in the literature, without fnding an ideal marker for early screening. In this brief review, we present the best studied ultrasonographic markers and the most recent genetic factors and prom-ising emerging biomarkers of preeclampsia, to date. We hope that in the future the combination of these tests will allow us to predict which women are at risk of preeclampsia.

关键词： Preeclampsia Diagnosis of preeclampsia Screening of preeclampsia Ultrasonographic markers of preeclampsia

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Assessing the response of human primary macrophages to defined fibrous architectures fabricated by melt electrowriting

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第3期21卷 209-222页

作者： carlotta Mondadori Amit Chandrakar Silvia Lopa Paul Wieringa Giuseppe Tal`o Silvia Perego Giovanni Lombardi Alessandra Colombini Matteo Moretti Lorenzo Moroni IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi Cell and Tissue Engineering LaboratoryMilanItaly Complex Tissue Regeneration Department MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastrichtthe Netherlands IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMilanItaly Department of Athletics Strength and ConditioningPozna´n University of Physical EducationPozna´nPoland IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi Orthopaedic Biotechnology LabMilanItaly Regenerative Medicine Technologies Lab Ente Ospedaliero CantonaleBellinzonaSwitzerland Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Department of SurgeryEnte Ospedaliero CantonaleLuganoSwitzerland Euler Institute Faculty of Biomedical SciencesUniversit`a della Svizzera ItalianaLuganoSwitzerland

The dual role of macrophages in the healing process depends on macrophage ability to polarize into phenotypes that can propagate inflammation or exert anti-inflammatory and tissue-remodeling *** scaf-fold geometry has been proposed as a strategy to influence macrophage behavior and favor the positive host response to ***,we fabricated Polycaprolactone(PCL)scaffolds by Melt Electrowriting(MEW)to investigate the ability of scaffold architecture to modulate macrophage *** human macrophages unpolarized(M0)or polarized into M1,M2a,and M2c phenotypes were cultured on PCL films and MEW scaffolds with pore geometries(square,triangle,and rhombus grid)characterized by different angles.M0,M2a,and M2c macrophages wrapped along the fibers,while M1 macrophages formed clusters with rounded *** bridges were formed only for angles up to 90◦.No relevant differences were found among PCL films and 3D scaffolds in terms of surface ***206 and CD163 were highly expressed by M2a and M2c macrophages,with M2a macrophages presenting also high levels of CD86.M1 macrophages expressed moderate levels of all *** rhombus architecture promoted an increased release by M2a macrophages of IL10,IL13,and sCD163 compared to PCL *** proangiogenic factor IL18 was also upregulated by the rhombus configuration in M0 and M2a macrophages compared to PCL *** interesting findings obtained for the rhombus architecture represent a starting point for the design of scaffolds able to modulate macrophage phenotype,prompting investigations addressed to verify their ability to facilitate the healing process in vivo.

关键词： Macrophage Melt electrowriting Additive manufacturing Scaffold design Scaffold geometry

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意大利跨国公司在中国的跨文化管理分析：文化差异的影响

意大利跨国公司在中国的跨文化管理分析：文化差异的影响

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作者： Casanova carlotta 华东理工大学

学位级别：硕士

本论文旨在研究当今的跨国公司如何处理跨文化管理,尤其是在文化差异和文化特征影响其经营及内部关系的情况下。为了缩小研究的范围,作者针对两种文化进行研究：中国文化和意大利文化。作者是意大利人,而本研究是在中国进行的。因此,本... 详细信息

本论文旨在研究当今的跨国公司如何处理跨文化管理,尤其是在文化差异和文化特征影响其经营及内部关系的情况下。为了缩小研究的范围,作者针对两种文化进行研究：中国文化和意大利文化。作者是意大利人,而本研究是在中国进行的。因此,本论文详尽地分析比较了中国和意大利的管理模式,并且试图了解外商在中国经营的跨国公司里,这两种模式的相互作用。本研究基于一个坚实的理论基础而发展的。首先,作者阐释了20世纪70年代以来由霍夫斯泰德、霍尔、沙因等发展的关于国家和企业文化的理论,以及2000年以来,由浦大卫和巴特利特/戈沙尔发展的关于跨国组织内部的组织管理和知识转移理论。在此基础上,本研究针对霞飞诺眼镜(深圳)有限公司——Safilo Group S.p.A.(意大利跨国公司)的一个分支,提供对其组织结构的详细描述,通过直接观察外商经营的跨国公司的一些中国经理和意大利经理,并统计分析他们提交的调查问卷。本文是基于上面所提到的理论背景而分析研究的实际结果的,目的是了解过去几十年里发展的理论是不是仍然适用于当今的国际公司。此外,这些研究结果使作者能够对跨国公司里的意大利和中国的管理惯例提出新的看法,并回答跨国公司里文化影响因素的问题。

关键词：跨文化管理文化差异文化特征管理惯例跨国公司

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Role of simulation in kidney stone disease:A systematic review of literature trends in the 26 years

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World Journal of Nephrology 2023年第4期12卷 104-111页

作者： carlotta Nedbal Victoria Jahrreiss Clara Cerrato Amelia Pietropaolo Andrea Galosi Domenico Veneziano Panagiotis Kallidonis Bhaskar K Somani Department of Urology University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthampton SO166YDUnited Kingdom Department of Urology Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle MarchePolytechnic University of MarcheAncona 60121Italy Department of Urology The Smith Institute for UrologyNorthwell HealthNew YorkNY 11042United States Department of Urology University of PatrasPatras 26500Greece

BACKGROUND Minimally invasive techniques for treatment of urinary stones requires expertise,experience and endoscopic *** provide a low-stress and low-risk environment while providing a realistic set-up and training *** To report the publication trend of‘simulation in urolithiasis’over the last 26 *** Research of all published papers on“Simulation in Urolithiasis”was performed through PubMed database over the last 26 years,from January 1997 to December *** were labelled and divided in three subgroups:(1)Training papers;(2)Clinical simulation application or surgical procedures;and(3)Diagnostic radiology *** subgroup was then divided into two 13-year time periods to compare and identify the contrast of different decades:period-1(1997-2009)and period-2(2010-2022).RESULTS A total of 168 articles published on the application of simulation in urolithiasis over the last 26 years(training:n=94,surgical procedures:n=66,and radiology:n=8).The overall number of papers published in simulation in urolithiasis was 35 in Period-1 and 129 in Period-2,an increase of+269%(P=0.0002).Each subgroup shows a growing trend of publications from Period-1 to Period-2:training papers+279%(P=0.001),surgical simulations+264%(P=0.0180)and radiological simulations+200%(P=0.2105).CONCLUSION In the last decades there has been a step up of papers regarding training protocols with the aid of various simulation devices,with simulators now a part of training *** the development of 3D-printed and high-fidelity models,simulation for surgical procedure planning and patients counseling is also a growing field and this trend will continue to rise in the next few years.

关键词： Kidney calculi Urolithiasis Simulation Ureteroscopy Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Artificial intelligence

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Proton pump inhibitor treatment of patients with gastroesophageal reflux-related chronic cough:A comparison between two different daily doses of lansoprazole

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第1期12卷 82-88页

作者： Fabio Baldi Roberta Cappiello carlotta Cavoli Stefania Ghersi Francesco Torresan Enrico Roda Department of Gastroenterology Metabolic and Infectious DiseasesS.OrsolaMalpighi HospitalBolognaItaly

AIM： To compare two different daily doses of lansoprazole given for 12 weeks and to assess the role of gastrointestinal （GI） investigations as criteria for selecting patients. METHODS： Out of 45 patients referred for unexplained chronic persistent cough, 36 had at least one of the GI investigations （endoscopy, 24-h esophageal pH- metry and a 4-week trial of proton pump inhibitor （PPI） therapy） positive and were randomly assigned to receive either 30 mg lansoprazole o.d. or 30 mg lansoprazole b.i.d, for 12 weeks. Symptoms were evaluated at baseline （visit 1） after the PPI test （visit 2） and after the 12-week lansoprazole treatment period （visit 3）. RESULTS： Thirty-five patients completed the study protocol. Twenty-one patients （60.0%） reported complete relief from their cough with no difference between the two treatment groups （58.8% and 61.1% had no cough in 30 mg lansoprazole and 60 mg lansoprazole groups, respectively）. More than 80% of the patients who had complete relief from their cough at the end of the treatment showed a positive response to the PPI test. CONCLUSION： Twelve weeks of lansoprazole treatment even at a standard daily dose, is effective in patients with chronic persistent cough. A positive response to an initial PPI test seems to be the best criterion for selecting patients who respond to therapy.

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux Cough Proton pump inhibitors Lansoprazole

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Video-Assisted Anterior Retroperitoneal Approach to the Lumbar Spine. A Minimal Invasive Technique Improved by the Use of Endoscopic Camera to Treat Lumbar Spine Diseases

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2016年第1期7卷 94-100页

作者： Roberto Bassani Riccardo Cecchinato carlotta Morselli Pedro Berjano Claudio Lamartina IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute Milan Italy Department of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery San Raffaele Hospital Vita-Salute University Milan Italy

The anterior retroperitoneal approach is a technique to treat disc degenerative disease (DDD), spinal deformities, traumas, tumors and infections. It can be used to perform Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusions (ALIF) or Total Disc Replacements (TDR). Though being a fast procedure that is becoming more often used by spinal surgeons, the anterior approach requires an adequate knowledge of the anatomy of the abdomen to lessen the risks of intraoperative complications. The authors’ preferred technique is the left retroperitoneal video-assisted approach, using an endoscope to visualize and magnify the deep anatomical structures, discectomy procedure and hardware implant. In a review of our casuistry from 2010 to 2012, 163 patients underwent an anterior lumbar approach, and 139 of these had a single L4-5 or L5-S1 level treatment. A 3.6% rate of global complications (1.44% of major vascular injuries) has been observed, with a mean operation time of 116.4 minutes and a mean blood loss of 156.1 ml. These values show how the anterior retroperitoneal video-assisted approach for the treatment of lumbar diseases is a fast procedure that implies low blood loss, with a low rate of intraoperative complications.

关键词： Video-Assisted Anterior Retroperitoneal Approach ALIF TDR

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Evaluating the best treatment for multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma:A propensity score-matched analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第29期28卷 3981-3993页

作者： Matteo Risaliti Ilenia Bartolini Claudia Campani Umberto Arena carlotta Xodo Valentina Adotti Martina Rosi Antonio Taddei Paolo Muiesan Amedeo Amedei Giacomo Batignani Fabio Marra Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine AOU CareggiFlorence 50134Italy

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a common tumour often diagnosed with a multifocal *** with multifocal HCC represent a heterogeneous *** Trans-Arterial ChemoEmbolization(TACE)is the most frequently employed treatment for these patients,previous data suggested that liver resection(LR)could be a safe and effective *** To compare LR and TACE in patients with multifocal HCC in terms of procedurerelated morbidity and oncologic *** All patients with multifocal HCC who underwent LR or TACE as the first procedure between May 2011 and March 2021 were *** decision to perform surgery or TACE was made after a multidisciplinary team *** patients in Child-Pugh class A or B7 and stage B(according to the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system,without severe portal hypertension,vascular invasion,or extrahepatic spread)were included in the final *** score matching was used to adjust the baseline differences between patients undergoing LR and the TACE group[number and diameter of lesions,presence of cirrhosis,alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)levels,and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score].The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS).The outcomes of LR and TACE were compared using the log-rank *** After matching,30 patients were eligible for the final analysis,15 in each *** rates were 42.9% and 40% for LR and TACE,respectively(P=0.876).Median OS was not different in the LR and TACE groups(53 mo vs 18 mo,P=0.312),while DFS was significantly longer with LR(19 mo vs 0 mo,P=0.0001).Subgroup analysis showed that patients in the Italian Liver Cancer(***)B2 stage,with AFP levels lower than 400 ng/mL,less than 3 lesions,and lesions bigger than 41 mm,benefited more from LR in terms of *** classified as *** B3,with AFP levels higher than 400 ng/mL and with more than 3 lesions,appeared to receive more benefi

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma Liver resection Trans-arterial chemoembolization Guidelines Liver tumour management

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