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Factors affecting populations of the endemic Iberian hare(Lepus granatensis)after the first myxomatosis outbreaks in Central spain

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第6期18卷 981-993页

作者： carlos LÁZARO JoséLuis GUZMÁN Fabián CAsAs carlos sánchez-garcía Department of Research Fundación ArtemisanCiudad RealSpain Department of Zoology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain

The Iberian hare(Lepus granatensis)is an endemic species distributed in spain and Portugal.Myxomatosis outbreaks affecting this species were detected in 2018 in Central and southern spain,spreading afterward.Aiming to evaluate factors affecting the status of hare population after the arrival of myxomatosis,we conducted 108 nocturnal hare counts in Central spain during two study periods(winter/spring and summer/autumn)in 54 different hunting grounds,covering 1071 km and observing 884 individuals.The mean density in winter/spring was 7.66 hares/100 ha,(range 6.14-9.54/100 ha),while in summer/autumn,it was 3.4 hares/100 ha(range 2.6-4.4/100 ha).Densities of hares were not affected by the dominant habitat and the presence/absence of myxomatosis outbreaks.Hares were more abundant at hunting grounds at a higher altitude and in those conducting targeted management,while detection of myxomatosis was related to lower altitude and higher levels of game management.A MaxEnt model used to generate a risk map for myxomatosis occurrence showed that the temperature annual range was the most important predictor,which suggests that environmental factors affecting myxomatosis vectors(mosquitoes,fleas,and ticks)could play a key role in disease transmission.As myxomatosis in hares is becoming endemic,hare densities may be improved by game management and the monitoring and surveillance of this emerging disease.These surveillance programs could be the basis of effective collaborations between hunters,researchers,and environmental managers.

关键词： game management habitat Iberian hare MaxEnt monitoring myxomatosis

Human-environmental interaction with extreme hydrological events and climate change scenarios as background

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Geography and sustainability 2022年第3期3卷 232-236页

作者： carlos sánchez-garcía Marcos Francos PaleoRisk Research Group Geography DepartmentFaculty of Geography and HistoryUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaEspaña IPHEs Catalan Institute for Human Palaeoecology and social Evolution TarragonaEspaña Department of Geography Faculty of Geography and HistoryUniversity of SalamancaCervantes s/n37002SalamancaSpain Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule(CIEAM) Universidad Católica del MauleAv.San Miguel 36053466706TalcaChile

Climate change significantly impacts the lives of all people.Global change is composed of multiple factors that affect the population differently,having a very significant impact in the Mediterranean area.Human beings,through their actions,try to mitigate this impact and thus generate a more resilient society.Extreme hydro-logical events are affected by this climate change,with torrential rainfall events and severe droughts becoming frequent.Understanding these trends will allow us to better adapt to future conditions.This study aims to analyse catastrophic floods and severe droughts from paleo studies to studies that focus on future projections.For this purpose,a search for information has been carried out through other studies over the last five years to have a current perspective of this situation.studies point to changes in the dynamics of floods and droughts,not only worsening the extremes but also affecting the average values of the records of each.In addition,the studies point out that anthropic action is accelerating the changes,with human beings and their capacity to adapt being infe-rior to the velocity of this global change.It is necessary to generate a paradigm shift in terms of global production by trying to adapt to future extreme flood and drought hazards.

关键词： Climate change Flood hazard Human disaster management Historical floods

Do non-target species visit feeders and water troughs targeting small game?A study from farmland spain using camera-trapping

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第2期16卷 226-239页

作者： JoséA.ARMENTEROs Jesús CARO carlos sánchez-garcía Beatriz ARROYO JoséA.PÉREZ Vicente RGAUDIOsO Emilio J.TIZADO Department of Animal Production Research Group on Game Species Breeding and ManagementUniversity of LeónLeónSpain Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos(IREC CSIC-UCLM-JCCM)Ciudad RealSpain Fundación Artemisan Ciudad RealSpain Department of Biodiversity and Environmental Management University of LeónPonferradaSpain

Provision of food and water is a widespread tool implemented around the world for the benefit of game and other wildlife,but factors affecting the use of food and water by non-target species are poorly known.We evaluated visits to feeders and water troughs by non-game species using camera-traps in two separate areas of spain.Feeders and water troughs were either“protected”(when surrounded by more than 50%of shrubs/forest)or“open”(in the opposite case).A total of 18948 photos from 5344 camera-trapping days depicted animals,and 75 species were identified.Feeders and water troughs were visited by target species(partridges and lagomorphs,55.3%of visits)and non-target species(44.7%of visits).Among the latter,corvids were themost common(46.1%of visits),followed by rodents(26.8%),other birds(23.6%,mainly passerines),columbids(1.9%),and other species at minor percentages.The highest proportion of visiting days to feeders and water troughs was from corvids(0.173)followed by otherbirds(0.109)and rodents(0.083);the lowest proportion was recorded for columbids(0.016).Use intensity and visit frequency of water troughs tripled that recorded in feeders,and visits to open feeders/troughs were approximately twice those to protected ones.In summary:feeders and water troughs targeting small game species are also used regularly by non-target ones;they should be set close to cover to optimize their use by non-target species that are not competitors of target species(though corvids may visit them);water availability should be prioritized where drought periods are expected.

关键词： camera-trapping feeding game species management watering wildlife

Professionalism in Wildlife Management: The Case of Gallifoms Releases in Hellas

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Open Journal of Forestry 2016年第2期6卷 51-58页

作者： Christos K. sokos Periklis K. Birtsas Konstantinos G. Papaspyropoulos carlos sánchez-garcía Research Division Hunting Federation of Macedonia and Thrace Ethnikis Antistasis Thessaloniki Hellas (Greece) Wildlife Laboratory Department of Forestry and Management of Natural Environment Technological Education Institute of Thessaly Karditsa Hellas (Greece) The Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust Burgate Manor Fordingbridge UK

Hunting organizations in cooperation with the Forest service release thousands of artificially reared pheasants and partridges in Hellas (Greece). To evaluate the effectiveness of this practice a questionnaire was applied to hunting wardens of four hunting federations in 2002 and one in 2011. Moreover data were obtained from the wildlife managers of one federation from 2009 to 2014. The release of hybrid pheasants and chukar partridges was conducted by the majority of local hunting clubs (H.C.). Most hunting wardens and wildlife managers stated that even during the most successful release only a small percentage (1% - 10%) of released birds can survive for more than three months and usually none of the released birds or a few achieve to rear chicks. However, repeated releases led to the establishment of small groups of birds in some areas, but without a serious benefit for hunting activity. In case of releases for hunting purposes (put and take), the respondents said that the majority (90%) of galliforms were killed by predators or hunters within a few days after release, and that only few (18 - 25) hunters harvested the survived birds. Until 2009, in northern and central mainland Hellas, the minimum cost per bird entering to the hunter’s bag was 143€. That amount is estimated to be 33.47€ in islands and after 2009 in mainland. In conclusion, the professionalism in galliforms releases should get improved with appropriate legal decisions and organization structures.

关键词： survival Reproduction “Put and Take” Hunting Population Establishment

Assessing the energy saving potential of using adaptive setpoint temperatures:The case study of a regional adaptive comfort model for Brazil in both the present and the future

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Building simulation 2024年第3期17卷 459-482页

作者： Daniel sánchez-garcía David Bienvenido-Huertas carlos Rubio-Bellido Ricardo Forgiarini Rupp Department of Electrical Engineering University Carlos III of MadridMadridSpain Department of Building simulation ZEROCEM SLSevilleSpain Department of Building Constructions University of GranadaGranadaSpain Department of Building Constructions II University of SevilleSevilleSpain section of Design for sustainability Department of Civil and Mechanical EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkKgs.LyngbyDenmark

It has been found in recent years that using setpoint temperatures based on adaptive thermal comfort models is a successful method of energy conservation.Recent studies using adaptive setpoint temperatures incorporate international models from AsHRAE standard 55 and EN16798-1.This study,however,has instead considered a regional Brazilian adaptive comfort model.This study investigates the energy demand arising from the use of a local Brazilian comfort model in order to assess the energy implications from the use of the worldwide AsHRAE standard 55 adaptive model and various fixed setpoint temperatures.All of Brazil’s climate zones,full air-conditioning,mixed-mode building operating modes,present-day climate change scenarios,and future scenarios—specifically Representative Concentration Pathways(RCP)2.6,4.5,and 8.5 for the years 2050 and 2100—have all been taken into account in building energy simulations.The use of adaptive setpoint temperatures based on the Brazilian local model considering mixed-mode has been found to significantly reduce energy consumption when compared to static setpoint temperatures(average energy-saving values ranging from 52%to 58%)and the AsHRAE 55 adaptive model(average values ranging from 15%to 21%).Considering climate change and the mixed-mode Brazilian model,the overall energy demand for the three groups of climatic zones(annual average outdoor temperatures≤21℃,>21 and≤25℃and>25℃)ranged between 2%decrease and 5%increase,4%and 27%increase,and 13%and 45%increase,respectively.It is concluded as a consequence that setting setpoint temperatures based on the Brazilian local adaptive comfort model is a very efficient energy-saving method.

关键词： adaptive thermal comfort building energy simulation energy efficiency climate change adaptive setpoint temperatures local comfort mode

The dorsal root ganglion as a target for neurorestoration in neuropathic pain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 296-301页

作者： Guillermo Estivill-Torrús Ana Belen Martínez-Padilla Lourdes sánchez-salido Anne Baron-Van Evercooren Beatriz garcía-Díaz Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina(IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND) MálagaSpain Unidad Clínica de Neurociencias Hospital Regional Universitario de MálagaMálagaSpain Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica Universidad de MálagaSpain sorbonne Université Institut du Cerveau-Paris Brain Institute-ICMINSERMCNRSAP-HPHôpital Pitié-SalpêtrièreParisFrance

Neuropathic pain is a severe and chronic condition widely found in the general population.The reason for this is the extensive variety of damage or diseases that can spark this unpleasant constant feeling in patients.During the processing of pain,the dorsal root ganglia constitute an important region where dorsal root ganglion neurons play a crucial role in the transmission and propagation of sensory electrical stimulation.Furthermore,the dorsal root ganglia have recently exhibited a regenerative capacity that should not be neglected in the understanding of the development and resolution of neuropathic pain and in the elucidation of innovative therapies.Here,we will review the complex interplay between cells(satellite glial cells and inflammatory cells)and factors(cytokines,neurotrophic factors and genetic factors)that takes place within the dorsal root ganglia and accounts for the generation of the aberrant excitation of primary sensory neurons occurring in neuropathic pain.More importantly,we will summarize an updated view of the current pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies targeting the dorsal root ganglia for the treatment of neuropathic pain.

关键词： cytokines dorsal root ganglia genetic factors neuropathic pain neurotrophic factors pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies satellite glial cells sensory neurons

Present and future of new systemic therapies for early and intermediate stages of hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第19期30卷 2512-2522页

作者： Juan Jose Urquijo-Ponce carlos Alventosa-Mateu Mercedes Latorre-sánchez Inmaculada Castelló-Miralles Moisés Diago Hepatology Unit Department of Digestive Diseases Consorcio Hospital General Universitario of ValenciaValencia 46014Spain

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a high mortality neoplasm which usually appears on a cirrhotic liver.The therapeutic arsenal and subsequent prognostic outlook are intrinsically linked to the HCC stage at diagnosis.Notwithstanding the current deployment of treatments with curative intent(liver resection/local ablation and liver transplantation)in early and intermediate stages,a high rate of HCC recurrence persists,underscoring a pivotal clinical challenge.Emergent systemic therapies(sT),particularly immunotherapy,have demonstrate promising outcomes in terms of increase overall survival,but they are currently bound to the advanced stage of HCC.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature,encompassing studies up to March 10,2024,evaluating the impact of novel sT in the early and intermediate HCC stages,specially focusing on the findings of neoadjuvant and adjuvant regimens,aimed at increasing significantly overall survival and recurrence-free survival after a treatment with curative intent.We also investigate the potential role of sT in enhancing the downstaging rate for the intermediate-stage HCC initially deemed ineligible for treatment with curative intent.Finally,we critically discuss about the current relevance of the results of these studies and the encouraging future implications of sT in the treatment schedules of early and intermediate HCC stages.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Early stage Intermediate stage Neoadjuvant Adjuvant systemic therapy

Myelin histology:a key tool in nervous system research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 277-281页

作者： Óscar Darío garcía-garcía Víctor Carriel Jesús Chato-Astrain Department of Histology Tissue Engineering GroupUniversity of Granada&Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADAGranadaSpain

The myelin sheath is a lipoprotein-rich,multilayered structure capable of increasing conduction velocity in central and peripheral myelinated nerve fibers.Due to the complex structure and composition of myelin,various histological techniques have been developed over the centuries to evaluate myelin under normal,pathological or experimental conditions.Today,methods to assess myelin integrity or content are key tools in both clinical diagnosis and neuroscience research.In this review,we provide an updated summary of the composition and structure of the myelin sheath and discuss some histological procedures,from tissue fixation and processing techniques to the most used and practical myelin histological staining methods.Considering the lipoprotein nature of myelin,the main features and technical details of the different available methods that can be used to evaluate the lipid or protein components of myelin are described,as well as the precise ultrastructural techniques.

关键词： fluorescence microscopy histology light microscopy lipid histochemistry metallographic techniques myelin histochemistry myelin immunohistochemistry myelin structure&composition myelin ultrastructural evaluation tissue fixation&processing

The potential of starch-chitosan blends with poloxamer for the preparation of microparticles by spray-drying

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 1-10页

作者： Juan Enrique Barranco-garcía Carolina Caicedo Enrique Javier Jiménez-Regalado carlos Espinoza-González Graciela Morales Rocio Yaneli Aguirre-Loredo Abril Fonseca-garcía Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Oaxaca Departamento de Química y BioquímicaAvenida Ing.Víctor Bravo Ahuja No.125Esquina Calzada Tecnológico68030OaxacaMexico Faculty of Engineering Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)Carrera 17a 48-144763022TuluáColombia Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada(CIQA) Blvd.Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 14025294SaltilloCoahuilaMexico Investigadoras por México CONAHCYT-CIQA Av.Insurgentes Sur 1562Col.Crédito Constructor03940Alcaldía Benito JuárezCDMXMexico

Using biopolymers as wall materials in spray drying poses challenges,particularly in attaining flowability and thermal stability among their physicochemical properties.This paper addresses these challenges by preparing microparticles using a blend of starch–chitosan and a poloxamer,commercially named Pluronic®F127.We aimed to elucidate the effects of varying poloxamer concentrations on the resulting particles through the spray drying technique.Blends with a poloxamer concentration of 3%(w/v)demonstrated a notably higher yield,especially when compared to those with 0%and 1%concentrations.Microparticles with 3%and 5%(w/v)poloxamer displayed a narrower particle size distribution,with the 3%blend showing a superior yield attributed to arrangements of blend components that improve flowability.X-ray diffraction analysis showcased the characteristic peaks of A-type starch form,with shifts suggesting enhanced interactions between components.Microparticles with increased poloxamer content showed elevated thermal degradation temperatures,with the 3%blend registering a significant rise,opening avenues for encapsulating heat-sensitive bioactive.This study primarily focuses on the preparation and basic characterization of microparticles.It underscores the potential of blends with optimal poloxamer concentrations in microencapsulation,emphasizing further research to harness their capabilities thoroughly.

关键词： Biopolymer starch Chitosan Pluronic®F127 Microparticles spray drying