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Hypertension and chronic ethanol consumption: What do we know after a century of study?

World Journal of Cardiology 2014年第5期6卷 283-294页

作者： Katia Colombo Marchi Jaqueline Jóice Muniz carlos renato tirapelli Programa de pósgraduacao em Farmacologia Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirao PretoUniversidade de Sao PauloSao PauloCEP 14040-900Brazil Departamento de Enfermagem Psiquiátrica e Ciências Humanas Laboratório de FarmacologiaEscola de Enfermagem de Ribeirao PretoUniversidade de Sao PauloS?o PauloCEP 14040-902Brazil

The influences of life habits on the cardiovascularsystem may have important implications for publichealth, as cardiovascular diseases are among the lead-ing causes of shorter life expectancy worldwide. A linkbetween excessive ethyl alcohol(ethanol) consumptionand arterial hypertension was first suggested early lastcentury. Since then, this proposition has received con-siderable attention. Support for the concept of ethanolas a cause of hypertension derives from several epi-demiologic studies demonstrating that in the generalpopulation, increased blood pressure is significantlycorrelated with ethanol consumption. Although thelink between ethanol consumption and hypertension iswell established, the mechanism through which etha-nol increases blood pressure remains elusive. Possiblemechanisms underlying ethanol-induced hypertensionwere proposed based on clinical and experimental ob-servations. These mechanisms include an increase insympathetic nervous system activity, stimulation of therenin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, an increase of intracellular Ca2+ in vascular smooth muscle, increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. The pres-ent report reviews the relationship between ethanol intake and hypertension and highlights some mecha-nisms underlying this response. These issues are of interest for the public health, as ethanol consumption contributes to blood pressure elevation in the population.

关键词： Ethanol Hypertension Calcium Nitric oxide Oxidative stress

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