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中学生英语 2021年第9期 1-1页

作者：威廉·卡洛斯·威廉姆斯不详

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Stresses Analysis on a Rail Part

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2013年第8期7卷 964-972页

作者： Cassio Eduardo Lima de Paiva Jose Lulz Antunes de Oliveira e Sousa Luiz carlos de Almeida Paulo RobertoAguiar Luiz Femando de Melo Correia Juliana Silva Watanabe Rodrigo Moreira de Carvalho Creso deFranco Peixoto Denis Palomo Paschoalin Geotecnical and Ttransportation Department & Department of Structure School of Civil Engineering University of CampinasCampinas 13083-852 Brazil Ignatian Educational Foundation S6o Bernardo do Campo 09850-901 Brazil VALE S A. Belo Horizonte 30140-001 Brazil

The EFVM (Vitoria Minas Railroad) is one of the main railways in Brazil. It transports freight trains of ore, 220 wagons each. These wagons have 2 boogies of 2 axles each and 32 metric tons on metre gauge. Elastic strains were measured on a special part of this railway due to these trains. The main load to evaluate stresses and strains was a G 16 Locomotive, a C-C kind from Vale, a Brazilian Company. The measurements were obtained by dynamic deflectometer installed on a main line of this railway, near Ipatinga, a city from Minas Gerais, one of Brazil states. This track was equipped to obtain stresses under an equal repeated static load. A simulation of the stresses was made under critical strain by Ferrovia 1.0 software. It was also made an evaluation of unequal results from neighbor sleepers taking in comparison two equipped parts of this railway, one with compacted ballast and no compaction to the other. The results were strain limited, avoiding breakage or damage to the studied rails. This work analyses these measurements focusing on the improvement of track quality.

关键词：应力分析铁路应变测量部件货运列车维多利亚弯沉测量临界应变

Liver biopsy for visceral leishmaniasis diagnosis in pregnancy: report of 2 cases

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World Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2013年第2期3卷 20-24页

作者： Talles Bazeia Lima Clarissa Ribeiro Villar Maria Aparecida Marchesan Rodrigues Júlio Pinheiro Baima Fábio da Silva Yamashiro Letícia Campos Franzoni carlos Antonio Caramori Giovanni Faria Silva Fernando Gomes Romeiro Lígia Yukie Sassaki Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyBotucatu School of MedicineSao Paulo18618-970Brazil Department of Pathology Botucatu School of MedicineSao Paulo18618-970Brazil

Visceral leishmaniasis(VL) or kala-azar is a zoonosis caused by intracellular protozoa of the Leishmania genus and is transmitted to humans by the bite of phlebotomine sandflies. It particularly affects cells in the phagocytic mononuclear system, accompanied by disturbances of cellular and humoral immunity. VL is potentially fatal and is characterized by fever, hepatosplenomegaly, diarrhea, epistaxis, jaundice, anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia. Diagnostic suspicion is based on epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data and isconfirmed by detecting the parasite in infected tissue. Splenic aspiration is the most sensitive method, followed by bone marrow aspiration(BMA) by sternal puncture, liver biopsy and lymph node aspiration; but, due to safety concerns, BMA is the most recommended method. VL is included as a target disease by players in drug research and development. Severe liver dysfunction associated with VL is uncommon. We report two VL cases in pregnant women from Bauru, Sao Paulo state, Brazil, considered an endemic area. The first of them developed hepatic failure due to fulminant hepatitis. In both cases, BMA was unable to find the protozoan; thus, liver biopsy was the only means of making the diagnosis.

关键词： Visceral Leishmaniasis Infection in pregnancy Liver biopsy Bone marrow aspirate Differential diagnosis

基于木薯淀粉含β-胡萝卜素和纳米胶囊β合成的可生物降解薄膜

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绿色包装 2018年第3期 84-84页

作者： Renato Queiroz Assis carlos Henrique Pagno Tania Maria Haas Costa Simone Hickmann Fl?res Alessandro de Oliveira Rios

β-胡萝卜素可能是一种优良的天然抗氧化剂,可能有助于纳米封装新技术的发展为主动包装添加抗氧化剂。这项工作的目的是开发加自由β-胡萝卜素或β-胡萝卜素胶囊和与聚合物基体的相互作用的评估活动的可生物降解薄膜。结果表明,生物活... 详细信息

β-胡萝卜素可能是一种优良的天然抗氧化剂,可能有助于纳米封装新技术的发展为主动包装添加抗氧化剂。这项工作的目的是开发加自由β-胡萝卜素或β-胡萝卜素胶囊和与聚合物基体的相互作用的评估活动的可生物降解薄膜。结果表明,生物活性化合物可以作为天然抗氧化剂和疏水活性可降解包装维护食品安全添加。

关键词： β-胡萝卜素天然抗氧化剂

East Asian VLBI Network observations of active galactic nuclei jets:imaging with KaVA+Tianma+Nanshan

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第8期21卷 220-234页

作者：崔玉竹 Kazuhiro Hada Motoki Kino Bong-Won Sohn Jongho Park Hyun-Wook Ro Satoko Sawada-Satoh Wu Jiang Lang Cui Mareki Honma 沈志强 Fumie Tazaki 安涛 Ilje Cho Guang-Yao Zhao Xiao-Peng Cheng Kotaro Niinuma Kiyoaki Wajima Ying-Kang Zhang Noriyuki Kawaguchi Juan-carlos Algaba Shoko Koyama Tomoya Hirota Yoshinori Yonekura Nobuyuki Sakai Bo Xia Yong-Bin Jiang Lin-Feng Yu Wei Gou Ju-Yeon Hwang Yong-Chen Jiang Yun-Xia Sun Dong-Kyu Jung Hyo-Ryoung Kim Jeong-Sook Kim Hideyuki Kobayashi Jee-Won Lee Jeong-Ae Lee Hua Zhang Guang-Hui Li Zhi-Qiang Xu Peng Li Jung-Hwan Oh Se-Jin Oh Chung-Sik Oh Tomoaki Oyama Duk-Gyoo Roh Katsunori-M.Shibata 郭文 Rong-Bing Zhao Wei-Ye Zhong Jin-Qing Wang Wen-Jun Yang 闫浩 Jae-Hwan Yeom Bin Li 李笑飞 Jian-Ping Yuan Jian Dong Zhong Chen Kazunori Akiyama Keiichi Asada Do-Young Byun Yoshiaki Hagiwara Jeffrey Hodgson Tae-Hyun Jung Kee-Tae Kim Sang-Sung Lee Kunwoo Yi Qing-Hui Liu Xiang Liu Ru-Sen Lu Masanori Nakamura Sascha Trippe Na Wang Xue-Zheng Wang 张波 Department of Astronomical Science The Graduate University for Advanced StudiesSOKENDAI2-21-1 OsawaMitakaTokyo 181-8588Japan Mizusawa VLBI Observatory National Astronomical Observatory of Japan2-12 HoshigaokaMizusawaOshuIwate 023-0861Japan Kogakuin University of Technology and Engineering Academic Support Center2665-1 NakanoHachiojiTokyo 192-0015Japan Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute Yuseong-guDaejeon 34055Korea Department of Astronomy Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722Korea Department of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology217 Gajeong-roDaejeonKorea Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica645 N Aohoku PIHiloHI 96720USA Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation Yamaguchi UniversityYoshida 1677-1YamaguchiYamaguchi 753-8512Japan Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Institute of Astronomy The University of Tokyo2-21-1 OsawaMitakaTokyo 181-0015Japan Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomia s/nGranada E-18008Spain Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Center for Astronomy Ibaraki University2-1-1 BunkyoMitoIbaraki 310-8512Japan Space Light Laboratory 77Yangjaedae-ro 86 roadGangdong-guSeoulKorea Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory 99 Millstone RoadWestfordMA 01886USA National Radio Astronomy Observatory 520 Edgemont RdCharlottesvilleVA 22903USA Toyo University 5-28-20 HakusanBunkyo-kuTokyo 112-8606Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National UniversityGwanak-guSeoul 08826Korea Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy Auf dem hiigel 69Bonn 53121Germany SNU Astronomy Research Center Seoul National UniversityGwanak-guSeoul 08826Korea

The East Asian Very Long Baseline Interferometry(VLBI) Network(EAVN) is a rapidly evolving international VLBI array that is currently promoted under joint efforts among China,Japan and *** aims at forming a joint VLBI Network by combining a large number of radio telescopes distributed over East Asian *** the combination of the Korean VLBI Network(KVN) and the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry(VERA) into Ka VA,further expansion with the joint array in East Asia is actively *** we report the first imaging results(at 22 and 43 GHz) of bright radio sources obtained with Ka VA connected to Tianma 65-m and Nanshan 26-m Radio Telescopes in *** test the EAVN imaging performance for different sources,we observed four active galactic nuclei(AGN) having different brightness and *** a result,we confirmed that the Tianma 65-m Radio Telescope(TMRT) significantly enhances the overall array sensitivity,a factor of 4 improvement in baseline sensitivity and 2 in image dynamic range compared to the case of Ka VA *** addition of the Nanshan 26-m Radio Telescope(NSRT) further doubled the east-west angular *** the resulting high-dynamic-range,high-resolution images with EAVN(Ka VA+TMRT+NSRT),various fine-scale structures in our targets,such as the counter-jet in M87,a kink-like morphology of the 3 C 273 jet and the weak emission in other sources are successfully *** demonstrates the powerful capability of EAVN to study AGN jets and to achieve other science goals in *** expansion of EAVN will further enhance the angular resolution,detection sensitivity and frequency coverage of the network.

关键词： galaxies:active galaxies:jets instrumentation:interferometers radio continuum:galaxies

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Study of the Positioning Influence in the Water Activity Measurement during Leak Test of Iodine-125 Seeds

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2015年第5期5卷 345-348页

作者： Joao A. Moura Anselmo Feher carlos A. Zeituni Maria E. C. M. Rostelato Wilson A. P. Calvo Oswaldo L.Costa Carla D. Souza Dib K. Junior Anderson R. Camargo Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares (IPEN/CNEN- SP) Av. Professor Lineu Prestes 2242 05508-000 Sao Paulo SPBrazil Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP Leste) Rua Arlindo Bettio 1000 03828-000 Sao Paulo SP Brazil Faculdade de Tecnologia de Sorocaba Departamento de Mecanica Av. Engenheiro carlos Reinaldo Mendes 2015 18013-280 Sorocaba - SP Brazil

In the prostate cancer treatment, brachytherapy with iodine-125 seeds has been used. Iodine-125 seeds are sealed radioactive sources, made by a titanium capsule containing the radioisotope inside. In the final phase of the seeds production, it is necessary to ensure that there is no leakage of the radioactive material. A leakage test is performed, immersing the seeds in water during 24 h and measuring the resulting activity in the water. This measurement is made in a sodium iodide detector. The immersion water is transferred to a plastic tube with a cap. The tube is placed by an automated positioning system, in the detector chamber. This study aims to determine the best positioning of the tube for the detection. It is also important to determine the influence of the positioning variation intrinsic of the automated positioning system during the iodine-125 seeds production. The results obtained will be used as a reference to adjust the equipment and process control system, in the production of the iodine-125 seeds.

关键词：测量定位放射性碘泄漏试验水活度自动定位系统种子生产粒子放射性同位素

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土壤中的生物多样性与生态系统功能

人类环境杂志 1997年第8期26卷 555-562页

作者： Lijbert Brussaard Val M.Behan-Pelletier David E.Bignell Valerie K.Brown Wim Didden Patrica Folgarait carlos Fragoso Diana Wall Freckman Vadakattu V.S.R.Gupta Tsutomu Hattori's David L.Hawkworth Carole Klopatek Patric Lavelle David W.Malloch Josef Rusek Bengt Sderstrom James M.Tiedje Ross A.Virginia 闵庆文瓦赫宁根农业大学渥太华加拿大农业马来西亚沙巴大学国际昆虫研究所 IFEVA Facultad de Agronomia 墨西哥Xalapa的生态研究所科罗拉多州立大学澳大利亚Adelaide土壤与土地管理合作研究中心 Attic 英国CAB国际真菌学研究所森林服务中心中全国地下可持续性研究项目组巴黎第四大学多伦多大学植物学系维采的捷克共和国科学院土壤生物学研究所 Lund大学微生物生态学系密歇根州立大学微生物生态学研究中心达特茅斯学院环境学

我们回顾了目前关于土壤生物多样性及其在生态系统过程中的作用、对于人类目标的重要性及对胁迫和扰动的恢复能力等的研究进展。现存物种的数量远远大于人们已经描述的数量,即使是对于肉眼可见的分类群也是如此。而且也普遍缺乏在生物... 详细信息

我们回顾了目前关于土壤生物多样性及其在生态系统过程中的作用、对于人类目标的重要性及对胁迫和扰动的恢复能力等的研究进展。现存物种的数量远远大于人们已经描述的数量,即使是对于肉眼可见的分类群也是如此。而且也普遍缺乏在生物地理学上的综合描述。迫切需要在分类学和对新一代系统科学家培训上做更大努力。尤其是应当集中致力于就我们所知。对生态系统功能起关键作用的土壤生物类群方面。为了确定这种类群,需要对土壤生物区系的影响圈(sphere of Influence,SOI),如根的生物区系、有机物质破碎者(shredder)和土壤生物扰动者(bioturbator)加以识别,这些影响圈比如可能通过与植物的相互作用而控制着生态系统的过程。在这些SOI中,我们分析出了土壤有机体的功能类群。最迫切需要研究的问题是将物种按功能类群进行区分,并确定功能类群中的物种冗余。这种迫切性是根据为阐述与集约化农业、森林扰动、环境污染和全球环境变化有关的土壤功能丧失程度的需要而确定的。目前认为最处于危险的土壤生物区系是那些大型动物群的有机物破碎者、土壤生物扰动者、某些专门的细菌(如硝化细菌和固氮菌)以及形成真菌的菌根中贫乏物种的功能类群。在开展这些优先性研究时,需要使用长期的和大尺度的田间试验,以及地理统计学和地理信息系统等现代方法进行试验研究。

关键词：土壤生物多样性生态系统功能

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在 esophagogastroduodenoscopy 使用 lidocaine 的实用性与 propofol 表现在镇静下面

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2013年第5期5卷 231-239页

作者： Felipe de la Morena Cecilio Santander carlos Esteban Beatriz de Cuenca Juan Antonio García Javier Sánchez Ricardo Moreno Endoscopy Unit Department of GastroenterologyHospital Universitario Infanta CristinaCP 28981 ParlaMadridSpain Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitario de la PrincesaCP 28006 MadridSpain Department of Anaesthesiology Hospital Universitario Infanta CristinaCP 28981 ParlaMadridSpain Department of Pharmacology Hospital Universitario Infanta CristinaCP 28981 ParlaMadridSpain

AIM:To determine whether topical lidocaine benefits esophagogastroduoduenoscopy(EGD) by decreasing propofol dose necessary for sedation or procedurerelated ***:The study was designed as a prospective,single centre,double blind,randomised clinical trial and was conducted in 2012 between January and May(NCT01489891).Consecutive patients undergoing EGD were randomly assigned to receive supplemental topical lidocaine(L;50 mg in an excipient solution which was applied as a spray to the oropharynx) or placebo(P;taste excipients solution without active substance,similarly delivered) prior to the standard propofol sedation *** propofol was administered as a bolus intravenous(iv) dose,with patients in the L and P groups receiving initial doses based on the patient’s American Society of Anaesthesiologists(ASA) classification(ASAⅠ-Ⅱ:0.50-0.60 mg/kg;ASA Ⅲ-Ⅳ:0.25-0.35 mg/kg),followed by 10-20 mg iv dose every 30-60 s at the anaesthetist’s *** signs,anthropometric measurements,amount of propofol administered,sedation level reached,examination time,and the subjective assessments of the endoscopist’s and anaesthetist’s satisfaction(based upon a four point Likert scale) were *** statistical tests were performed by the Stata statistical software suite(Release 11,2009;StataCorp,LP,College Station,TX,United States).RESULTS:No significant differences were found between the groups treated with lidocaine or placebo in terms of total propofol dose(310.7 ± 139.2 mg/kg per minute vs 280.1 ± 87.7 mg/kg per minute,P = 0.15) or intraprocedural propofol dose(135.3 ± 151.7 mg/kg per minute vs 122.7 ± 96.5 mg/kg per minute,P = 0.58).Only when the L and P groups were analysed with the particular subgroups of female,< 65-year-old,and lower anaesthetic risk level(ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ) was a statistically significant difference found(L:336.5 ± 141.2 mg/kg per minute vs P:284.6 ± 91.2 mg/kg per minute,P = 0.03) for greater total propofol requirements).The total i

关键词： Lidocaine Propofol Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Sedation Adverse effects

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极大望远镜:望向宇宙的地球之眼

环球科学 2020年第3期 40-49页

作者：哈维尔·巴尔科斯胡安·卡洛斯·冈萨雷斯·埃雷拉奧古斯丁·桑切斯·拉韦加王杰茜(翻译) 欧洲南方天文台不详西班牙巴斯克大学

1610年,伽利略用一块镜片直径只有几厘米的望远镜瞄准天空,第一次看见了木星的几颗卫星。这个里程碑式的举动,标志着我们开始把探索的目光瞄准宇宙深空,也意味着观测天文学的诞生。而研究宇宙所用的仪器,也将越来越强大、越来越精密。

关键词：观测天文学伽利略望远镜宇宙瞄准

Turbo-taxonomy to assemble a megadiverse lichen genus:seventy new species of Cora(Basidiomycota:Agaricales:Hygrophoraceae),honouring David Leslie Hawksworth’s seventieth birthday

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Fungal Diversity 2017年第3期84卷 139-207页

作者： Robert Lücking Manuela Dal Forno Bibiana Moncada Luis Fernando Coca Leidy Yasmín Vargas-Mendoza André Aptroot Laura Juliana Arias Betty Besal Frank Bungartz Diego Mauricio Cabrera-Amaya Marcela E.S.Cáceres José Luis Chaves Sionara Eliasaro Martha Cecilia Gutiérrez Jesús E.Hernández Marin María de los Ángeles Herrera-Campos María E.Holgado-Rojas Harald Jonitz Martin Kukwa Fabiane Lucheta Santiago Madriñán Marcelo Pinto Marcelli Suzana Maria de Azevedo Martins Joel A.Mercado-Díaz Jorge Alberto Molina Eduardo A.Morales Peter R.Nelson Freddy Nugra Francisco Ortega Telma Paredes Ayda Lucía Patiño Rouchi Nadine Peláez-Pulido Rosa Emilia Pérez Pérez Gary B.Perlmutter Eimy Rivas-Plata Javier Robayo Camilo Rodríguez Diego Fernando Simijaca Edier Soto-Medina Adriano Afonso Spielmann Alejandra Suárez-Corredor Jean-Marc Torres carlos Alberto Vargas Alba Yánez-Ayabaca Gothamie Weerakoon Karina Wilk Marcela Celis Pacheco Mauricio Diazgranados Grischa Brokamp Thomas Borsch Patrick M.Gillevet Masoumeh Sikaroodi James D.Lawrey Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin KöniginLuise-Straße 6-814195 BerlinGermany Science Education The Field Museum1400 South Lake ShoreChicagoIL 60605USA Department of Botany Smithsonian InstitutionNational Museum of Natural History10th St Constitution Ave NWWashingtonDC 20560USA Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030-4444USA Licenciatura en Biologı´a Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose´de CaldasCra.4 No.26D-54Torre de LaboratoriosHerbarioBogota´D.C.Colombia Herbario Universidad de Caldas(FAUC) Edificio BicentenarioCalle 65No.26-10ManizalesA.A.275CaldasColombia ABL Herbarium G.v.d.Veenstraat 1073762 XK SoestThe Netherlands Biologı´a Universidad del Quindı´oCarrera 15 Calle 12 NorteArmeniaQuindı´oColombia 120 Chavis Avenue LexingtonVA 24450USA Charles Darwin Foundation Puerto AyoraSanta Cruz IslandGala´pagosEcuador Schedestraße 8 53113 BonnGermany Jardı´n Bota´nico de Bogota´Jose´Celestino Mutis Avenida Calle 63 No.68-95Bogota´D.C.Colombia Departamento de Biocieˆncias Universidade Federal de SergipeAvenida Vereador Olı´mpio Grandes/n.ItabaianaCEP:49.500-000 SergipeBrazil Laboratorio de Hongos Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad(INBio)Apdo.22-3100Santo Domingo de HerediaCosta Rica Departamento de Botaˆnica Universidade Federal do Parana´Campus Polite´cnicoSetor de Cieˆncias Biolo´gicasAv.Cel.Francisco H.dos Santoss/nJardim das Ame´ricas81531-980 CuritibaPRBrazil Ingenierı´a Ambiental Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose´de CaldasCarrera 5 Este No.15-82Av.CircumvalarBogota´D.C.Colombia Instituto Experimental Jardı´n Bota´nico Dr.Tobı´as Lasser Centro de Investigacio´n y DesarrolloUniversidad Central de VenezuelaAve.Salvador AllendeJardı´n Bota´nico de CaracasApartado#2156Caracas 1010-AVenezuela Departamento de Bota´nica Instituto de Biologı´aUniversidad Nacional Auto´noma de Me´xicoApartado Postal 70-36704510 Ciudad De Me´xicoMexico Facultad de Ciencias Escuela Profesional de Biologı´aUniv

Following a large-scale phylogenetic study of the lichenized genus Cora(Basidiomycota:Agaricales:Hygrophoraceae),we formally describe 70 new species,honouring the seventieth birthday of David Leslie Hawksworth,one of the preeminent figures in mycology and lichenology in the past 50 *** on an updated phylogeny using the ITS fungal barcoding locus,we now recognize 189 taxa in a genus that until recently was considered to represent a single species;including this contribution,92 of these are formally recognized,including five taxa based on historical names or collections that have not been *** of Cora can be recognized by a combination of morphological(size,colour,lobe configuration,surface hairs,hymenophore size and shape),anatomical(thallus thickness,cortex structure,photobiont type,hyphal papillae),and ecogeographical features(substrate,habitat,distribution),and a keytable allowing the identification of all accepted taxa is *** new species are:Cora accipiter Moncada,Madrin˜a´n&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,Soto-Medina&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,Dal Forno&Lücking ***.,*** Dal Forno,Chaves&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,***ı´guez&Lücking ***.,*** Lücking,Moncada&*** ***.,*** Moncada,Ya´nez-Ayabaca&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,Patin˜o&Lücking ***.,*** Lücking,***&Dal Forno ***.,*** Holgado,Rivas Plata&Perlmutter ***.,*** Dal Forno,Eliasaro&Spielmann ***.,*** Nugra,Dal Forno&Lücking ***.,*** Lücking,Martins&Lucheta ***.,*** Moncada,R.-***´rez&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,***.&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,CabreraAmaya&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,R.-***´rez&***.,*** Lücking,***&Dal Forno ***.,*** Moncada,***´rez-Corredor&Lücking ***.,*** Moncada,***&Lücking ***.,***

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