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Environmental Enrichment and Its Effect on the Welfare of Two Asian Elephants in Africam Safari Wildlife Conservation park (puebla, Mexico)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第4期13卷 496-512页

作者： Martha Trinidad pérez Ramírez Nora Garcez Mercado María Rebeca Rojas Ronquillo Marco Antonio Alarcón Zapata Melina Maribel Ojeda Chi carlos david pérez brígido Abigail Tabarez Rojas Faculty of Biological and Agricultural Sciences Veracruzana University Tuxpan Mexico

Animal welfare is important in zoos to maintain the physical well-being and psychological health of individuals. An animal is considered to have welfare if it has good nutrition and also expresses its innate behavior, including sensations and feelings experienced as a result of physical health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of environmental enrichment on the behaviors of two Asian elephants in a wildlife conservation park. The behavior of two Asian elephants, a 46-year-old male and a 59-year-old female, was observed. Behavior was measured by quantifying the frequency, latency, and duration of behavioral actions. Measurements were done with ad libitum sampling during 5 days of testing, then observations were recorded with focal sampling for 25 days with environmental enrichment and 25 days without enrichment. Data were analyzed with the Chi-square statistical test using the statistical program SpSS 20, observing significant differences (p the application of environmental enrichment. The frequency of maintenance behaviors was higher when environmental enrichment was provided, and the frequency of social conducts (affiliative and agonistic) decreased. In fact, the behaviors most frequently presented by elephants with and without environmental enrichment were definitely maintenance behaviors. The environmental enrichment program helped to reduce the duration of abnormal behaviors and increase the frequency of typical behaviors of the species. It also increased independent movements within the exhibition area and helped to know each of the elephants individually in order to apply each enrichment combination according to their needs.

关键词： Asian Elephant Animal Welfare Environmental Enrichment Behavior

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Variation in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in children in the region of Asturias,Northern Spain

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World Journal of pediatrics 2022年第12期18卷 835-844页

作者： Elisa García-García Mercedes Rodríguez-pérez david pérez-Solís carlos pérez-Méndez Cristina Molinos-Norniella Ángeles Cobo-Ruisánchez Eva María Fernández Fernández Noelia García González Laura Calle-Miguel pediatrics Department Centro de Salud LaviadaCalle Juanín de Mieres833207GijónSpain Microbiology Department Hospital Universitario Central de AsturiasOviedoSpain pediatrics Department Hospital Universitario San AgustínAvilésSpain pediatrics Department Hospital Universitario de CabueñesGijónSpain pediatrics Department Hospital Carmen y Severo Ochoa.Cangas del NarceaSpain pediatrics Department Centro de Salud TeatinosOviedoSpain pediatrics Department Hospital Universitario Central de AsturiasOviedoSpain

Background Updated seroprevalence estimates are important to describe the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)landscape and to guide public health *** aims are to describe longitudinal changes in seroprevalence in children in a region in Northern Spain and to analyze factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 *** prospective multicenter longitudinal study with subjects recruited from July to September ***(up to 14 years old)were included and followed up until September *** blood samples were collected every six months during three testing rounds and were analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 *** data regarding epidemiological features,contact tracing,symptoms,and virological tests were *** evolution of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence during the study and the differences between children with positive and negative SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests were *** Two hundred children were recruited(50.5%girls,median age 9.7 years).The overall seroprevalence increased from round 1[1.5%,95%confidence interval(CI)0.3%–4.3%]to round 2(9.1%,95%CI 4.6%–12.7%)and round 3(16.6%,95%CI 9.5%–19.6%)(pp=0.001)who lived in urban areas(ppreviously positive became *** multivariable analysis,three variables independently associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity were identified:close contact with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)confirmed or suspected cases[odds ratio(OR)=3.9,95%CI 1.2–12.5],previous positive virological test(OR=17.1,95%CI 3.7–78.3)and fatigue(OR=18.1,95%CI 1.7–193.4).Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in children has remarkably increased during the time of our *** was the only COVID-19-compatible symptom that was more frequent in seropositive than in seronegative children.

关键词： Antibodies Child COVID-19 Seroepidemiologic studies

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Bacterial extracts and bioformulates as a promising control of fruit body rot and root rot in avocado cv. Hass

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第3期19卷 748-758页

作者： david GRANADA Lorena LÓpEZ-LUJAN Sara RAMIrez-RESTREpO Juan MORALES carlos pELÁEZ-JARAMILLO Galdino ANDRADE Juan carlos BEDOYA-pErez phytosanitary and Biological Control Unit Corporation for Biological ResearchMedellin 050034Colombia Faculty of Health Sciences Institution University Colegio Mayor de AntioquiaMedellin 050034Colombia Department of Agronomic Sciences National University of ColombiaMedellin 050034Colombia Faculty of Exact Sciences University of AntioquiaMedellin 050010Colombia Department of Microbiology Londrina State UniversityLondrina 86051-990Brazil

At least 20-40% of annual losses of avocado crops are caused by pathogenic *** chemical treatments of these diseases are inefficient,cause environmental pollution and are increasingly restricted by international *** work aimed to assess the biocontrol capacity of a bacterial extract to protect avocado fruits and plants from pathogen *** from the bacterial isolate Serratia ***5.1 were obtained from liquid fermentations in a biorreactor.A body rot postharvest infection model with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on fruits was ***,packaging conditions were simulated using the bacterial extract and the commercial fungicide prochloraz as a positive ***,seedlings infections with phytophthora cinnamomi were performed on two types of avocado(West Indian race and ***).The Area Under Disease progress Curve(AUDpC) was recorded using the bacterial extract and a commercial product with fosetyl-aluminium as *** bacterial extract significantly reduced infections by *** on injured avocado fruits at 31.1 μg mL^-*** fruits were also protected against body rot infections at the same concentration and showed no significant differences with the commercial *** the other hand,AUDpC in the seedlings was significantly reduced with the extract treatment at 3 μg mL^-1 compared to the ***,a possible phytotoxicity effect of the extract was evidenced in the seedlings and confirmed by pathogen recovery and tests on Raphanus sativus ***,formulations of the extracts(emulsion and emulsifiable concentrate) were prepared,and bioactive stability was assessed for 8 *** emulsion formulates demonstrated very stable bioactivity against *** extract and the emulsion formulate showed promising results for the control of avocado *** bioproducts based on this type of active principles could be developed for the benefit of avocado industry.

关键词： Colletotrichum gloeosporioides phytophthora cinnamomi Serratia sp. antagonistic microbes secondary metabolites biofungicide

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Adjustable muscle plication:a new surgical technique for strabismic patients with high risk for anterior segment ischemia

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第4期8卷 839-842页

作者： carlos Laria david p.pinero Department of Ophthalmology(OFTALMAR) Vithas Medimar International Hospital Foundation for the Visual Quality(FUNCAVIS Fundación para la Calidad Visual) Department of Optics Pharmacology and AnatomyUniversity of Alicante

INTRODUCTION Anterior ciliary arteries provide 70%of the vascular supply of the anterior segment.A significant interruption of the vascular flow of these arteries increases the risk for anterior *** the frequency of this special condition is low after strabismus surgery(1:13 000)[1],its effects may involve substantial visual problems[2].We report the successful outcome of a new surgical approach for strabismus management in a case of high risk for anterior ***,we show the correction of the horizontal ocular deviation by means of an adjustable muscle

关键词： Figure a new surgical technique for strabismic patients with high risk for anterior segment ischemia high

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Conceptual Content of the Generalized Theory of Gravitation of Jefimenko

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Journal of Modern physics 2018年第8期9卷 1522-1544页

作者： Andrew Chubykalo Augusto Espinoza david pérez carlos Unidad Académica de Física Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas México

In this work, we make a brief exposition of the Jefimenko’s generalized theory of gravitation, describe its conceptual content, explain the mathematical apparatus used for the formulations of the theory and present the fundamental equations of the theory. We elucidate the main difference between Newton’s original theory of gravitation and the generalized theory of gravitation.

关键词： Cogravitation Gravitational Waves Gravikinetic Field

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Bone marrow-derived mononuclear stem cells in the treatment of retinal degenerations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1937-1944页

作者： Diego García-Ayuso Johnny Di pierdomenico david García-Bernal Manuel Vidal-Sanz María p.Villegas-pérez Departamento de Oftalmología Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaCampus de Ciencias de la saludMurciaSpain Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca(IMIB-Virgen de la Arrixaca) MurciaSpain Servicio de Hematología Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la ArrixacaMurciaSpain

Retinal degenerative diseases affecting the outer retina in its many forms(inherited,acquired or induced)are characterized by photoreceptor loss,and represent currently a leading cause of irreversible vision loss in the *** present,there are very few treatments capable of preventing,recovering or reversing photoreceptor degeneration or the secondary retinal remodeling,which follows photoreceptor loss and can also cause the death of other retinal ***,these diseases are nowadays one of the greatest challenges in the field of ophthalmological *** marrow derived-mononuclear stem cell transplantation has shown promising results for the treatment of photoreceptor *** cells may have the potential to slow down photoreceptor loss,and therefore should be applied in the early stages of photoreceptor ***,because of their possible paracrine effects,they may have a wide range of clinical applications,since they can potentially impact on several retinal cell types at once and photoreceptor degenerations can involve different cells and/or begin in one cell type and then affect adjacent *** intraocular injection of bone marrow derived-mononuclear stem cells also enhances the outcomes of other treatments aimed to protect ***,it is likely that future investigations may combine bone marrow derived-mononuclear stem cell therapy with other systemic or intraocular treatments to obtain greater therapeutic effects in degenerative retinal diseases.

关键词： age-related macular degeneration bone marrow stem cells intravitreal injection macroglia microglia photoreceptor degeneration retinal ganglion cells retinitis pigmentosa subretinal injection transplant

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Fluidization of binary mixtures of sisal residue and sand:A new model for deriving the final fluidization velocity

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particuology 2018年第5期16卷 10-22页

作者： david Vasconcelos Gabriele Batalha Luis Gabriel pereira carlos Augusto pires Chemical Reaction Engineering Laboratory Federal University of Bahia40.210-910SalvadorBABrazil

The influence of different factors on the fiuidization of a binary mixture of sisal residue and sand was *** particle sizes of the sand and sisal residue were varied from 0.2to 0.8mm and the biomass mass fractions from 2% to 9%.Some segregation was noted,and a significant relationship was found among the final fluidization velocity (Uff),the biomass and sand sizes,and the biomass mass fraction.A novel model was developed for predicting Uff,leading to an average discrepancy of 12.69% between the measured and predicted Uff compared with the best match of 15.32% when using a model from a previous *** new model was applied to data from studies using other biomass and a broad range of particle *** average divergences from measured values when using the new model were 7.9% for corn cob and walnut shell,and 20.5% for sweet sorghum bagasse,tobacco residue, and soy *** were superior to the values derived using other *** results confirm the accuracy of the model developed in this work and show that it represents a viable alternative way to calculate Uff for a binary mixture of sand and biomass.

关键词： Fluidization Binary mixture Sisal residue Final fluidization velocity model

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Analyzing predictors of graft survival in patients undergoing liver transplantation with donors aged 70 years and over

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第47期24卷 5391-5402页

作者： Oscar Caso-Maestro carlos Jiménez-Romero Iago Justo-Alonso Jorge Calvo-pulido david Lora-pablos Alberto Marcacuzco-Quinto Félix Cambra-Molero Alvaro García-Sesma Marina pérez-Flecha carlos Munoz- Arce Carmelo Loinaz-Segurola Alejandro Manrique-Municio Unit of HBp Surgery and Abdominal Organs Transplantation Department of General Surgery“12 de octubre” University HospitalMadrid 28041Spain Clinical Research Department Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP)“12 de octubre” University HospitalMadrid 28041Spain

AIM To increase the number of available *** This is a single-center comparative analysis performed between April 1986 and May 2016. Two hundred and twelve liver transplantation(LT) were performed with donors ≥ 70 years old(study group). Then, we selected the first cases that were performed with donors performed with donors ≥ 70 years old(control group).RESULTS Graft and patient survivals were similar between both groups without increasing the risk of complications, especially primary non-function, vascular complications and biliary complications. We identified 5 risk factors as independent predictors of graft survival: recipient hepatitis C virus(HCV)-positivity [hazard ratio(HR) = 2.35; 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.55-3.56; p = 0.00]; recipient age(HR = 1.04; 95%CI: 1.02-1.06; p = 0.00); donor age X model for end-stage liver disease(D-MELD)(HR = 1.00; 95%CI: 1.00-1.00; p = 0.00); donor value of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(HR = 1.00; 95%CI: 1.00-1.00; p = 0.00); and donor value of serum sodium(HR = 0.96; 95%CI: 0.94-0.99; p = 0.00). After combining D-MELD and recipient age we obtained a new scoring system that we called DR-MELD(donor age X recipient age X MELD). Graft survival significantly decreased in patients with a DR-MELD score ≥ 75000, especially in HCV patients(77% vs 63% at 5 years in HCV-negative patients, p = 0.00; and 61% vs 25% at 5 years in HCV-positive patients; p = 0.00). CONCLUSION A DR-MELD ≥ 75000 must be avoided in order to obtain the best results in LT with donors ≥ 70 years old.

关键词： Liver transplantation Aged donors Old donors Marginal donors Donor age

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Training data selection for accuracy and transferability of interatomic potentials

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1795-1803页

作者： david Montes de Oca Zapiain Mitchell A.Wood Nicholas Lubbers carlos Zp.ereyra Aidan p.Thompson Danny perez Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM87185USA Computer Computationaland Statistical Sciences DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California DavisDavisCA95616USA Theoretical Division Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM87545USA

Advances in machine learning(ML)have enabled the development of interatomic potentials that promise the accuracy of first principles methods and the low-cost,parallel efficiency of empirical ***,ML-based potentials struggle to achieve transferability,i.e.,provide consistent accuracy across configurations that differ from those used during *** order to realize the promise of ML-based potentials,systematic and scalable approaches to generate diverse training sets need to be *** work creates a diverse training set for tungsten in an automated manner using an entropy optimization ***,multiple polynomial and neural network potentials are trained on the entropy-optimized dataset.A corresponding set of potentials are trained on an expert-curated dataset for tungsten for *** models trained to the entropy-optimized data exhibited superior transferability compared to the expert-curated ***,the models trained to the expert-curated set exhibited a significant decrease in performance when evaluated on out-of-sample configurations.

关键词： entropy transfer configuration

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Six forests in one:Tree species diversity in the Bosque protector Chongón Colonche,a lowland mountain range in coastal Ecuadorian

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第6期9卷 725-733页

作者： Oswaldo Jadan david ADonoso Edwin ponce-Ramírez Franz pucha-Cofrep Omar Cabrera Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias Universidad de Cuenca12 de Octubre y Diego de TapiaCuenca010107Ecuador programa de Doctorado en Conservacion de Recursos Naturales Escuela Internacional de DoctoradoUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosMostolesMadridES-28933Spain Departamento de Biología Escuela Politecnica NacionalLadron de Guevara E11⋅253Quito170525Ecuador Geoforest S.A 12 de febrero y Av.Franklin VegaMacas140150Ecuador Grupo de Investigacion Hidrología y Climatología Universidad Tecnica Particular de LojaSan Cayetano Alto S/NLoja110101Ecuador brandenburg University of Technology(BTU)Cottbus-Senftenberg 03044CottbusGermany Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Tecnica Particular de LojaSan Cayetano Alto S/NLoja110101Ecuador

Tropical mountain ranges shape the structure of tree communities and promote highly diverse natural ***“Bosque protector Chong on-Colonche”(BpCC),an 86,000-ha mountain formation situated on the coast of Ecuador,is biogeographically important for the region by connecting floristic elements of the wet Choco and the dry Tumbesian *** understanding of the factors that model tree and palm diversity and distribution in this mountain range are *** measured and identified all trees and palms(DBH≥10 cm)in 289 plots of0.2 ha,distributed throughout *** used generalized linear models to explain the relationship between forest diversity and structure and climatic variables(temperature,rain,aridity),and *** then used cluster and non-metric multidimensional scale(NMDS)analyses to search for distinct forest communities within the *** partition(varpart)was used to determine which predictor variables best explained these distinct forest communities.A species indicator analysis identified the species most likely to define these distinct forest ***,we carried out a niche modeling approach to identify the potential distribution of these forest communities within *** total,we identified 220 tree and palm species in our *** average number of species per plot was 17.8±5.8,ranging from 3 to 40 *** methods sorted the 289study plots into six different forest communities,three communities in the dry forest and three in the semi-humid Garúa *** and temperature,but not altitude or aridity,explained floristic *** results emphasize the high but little cataloged diversity in the lowland mountain rainforests of coastal Ecuador.

关键词： Chongón-Colonche Climatic variables Dry forest Forest communities Garúa forest

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