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Microbial Attributes of Infested Soil Suppressive to Bacterial Wilt by Bokashi Amendments

Agricultural Sciences 2015年第10期6卷 1239-1247页

作者： Mariana R.Fontenelle carlos a.lopes carlos E.P.Lima Daiane C.Soares Luciana R.B.Silva Daniel B.Zandonadi Ronessa B.Souza Antonio W.Moita Embrapa Hortalicas/CNPH BrasiliaBrazil

Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is a major tomato disease in tropical and sub-tropical regions. It is difficult to be managed, since no single measure confers significant contribution for disease control. Among the cultural practices available for disease management, bokashi provides nutrients to the plants, increasing the microbial biomass, improving the quality of the soil and, in some cases, protecting plants against diseases. In this work, we evaluated the effect of three different bokashis (Embrapa—BE;poultry—BP and cattle—BC) in two soils artificially and naturally infested with R. solanacearum, on the suppression of bacterial wilt in tomato. Disease control is discussed upon measurements on the contents of microbial biomass carbon (MBC), on total organic carbon (TOC), on basal respiration (BR), on metabolic coefficient (qCO2) and on microbial coefficient (qMIC). The experiment was implemented in greenhouse, with completely randomized design and factorial arrangement of treatments 2 × 3 (two soils × three bokashis). Disease suppression, assessed through wilt incidence 20 and 30 days after transplanting, was better observed in the naturally infested soil, where BP and BE were more efficient in controling the disease. TOC contents were higher in the artificially infested soil compared to that naturally infested, whereas the qMIC presented higher value for the naturally infested soil, which had greater contribution of MBC. Higher rates of BR and qCO2 were observed for the naturally infested soil with BC, probably indicating high plant stress caused by the disease in this treatment. Moreover, a high and positive correlation coefficient was found between the variables qCO2 and the number of infected plants at 30 days after transplanting. In the artificially infested soil, a negative correlation was found between the number of infected plants at 20 days after transplanting and TOC.

关键词： Basal Respiration Disease Control Microbial Biomass Ralstonia solanacearum Solanum lycopersicum

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Real-world clinical efficacy of tofacitinib in moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第34期30卷 3929-3931页

作者： Sara R lopes Claudio Martins Madalena Teixeira David Tomás Department of Gastroenterology Unidade Local de Saúde da Arrábida-Hospital de São BernardoSetúbal 2910-446Portugal

Tofacitinib is an oral small-molecule Janus kinase(JAK)inhibitor that preferentially inhibits JAK1 and *** efficacy in inducing and maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis(UC)as well as its safety profile has been demonstrated in multicenter,randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled ***,real-world studies evaluating the effectiveness and adverse effects of tofacitinib have been conducted,affirming its clinical efficacy in moderate-to-severe UC.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Tofacitinib Real-world studies Inflammatory bowel disease Janus kinase inhibitor

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Are dogs not susceptible to retroviral infections?

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Animal Diseases 2024年第3期4卷 217-223页

作者： Jorge Casseb João Henrique Campos Luciano Rodrigo lopes Laboratory of Investigation in Dermatology and Immunodefciencies Department of DermatologyUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloSPBrazil Igen-Institute of Immunogenetics São PauloSPBrazil Bioinformatics and Biomedical Data Science Division Health Informatics DepartmentUniversidade Federal de São Paulo–UNIFESP.Rua Botucatu 862Prédio Leal PradotérreoVila ClementinoCEP 04023-062São PauloSPBrazil

Retroviruses have been proven to cause infections and diseases in a series of mammalian hosts but not in ***,this letter discussed the dog susceptibility to retrovirus infection,encompassing arguments to understand why dogs may have not been infected by retroviruses thus *** potential resistance of retrovirus in dogs enables this provocative short communication to discuss this question,looking at some evolutive *** lineage of canids has shown,throughout its evolutionary history,a smaller accumulation of retroviruses in canid genomes,classifed as endogenous *** this context,the genomes of canids seem to ofer obstacles,which have been evolutionarily conserved,in the face of retroviral infection.

关键词： Retrovirus dogs Endogenous retrovirus

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Inflow and outflow permeability tests in a very soft clay under low stresses

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第8期16卷 3270-3283页

作者： J.W.S.Vargas F.A.B.Danziger F.R.lopes T.Lunne Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroBrazil Norwegian Geotechnical Institute OsloNorway

In situ inflow and outflow permeability tests with the BAT probe at SarapuíII soft clay test site are presented.A description of the BAT permeability test is provided,discussing its advantages and shortcomings,especially in the case of very soft clays under low *** pressures were monitored during probe installation and were found to be slightly lower than piezocone u2 pore pressures,consistent with the position of the *** role of filter tip saturation was investigated after the usual saturation procedure provided an unsatisfactory pore pressure response during probe *** show that the vacuum saturation procedure provides adequate response during installation and increases the reliability of the coefficient of permeability determination in early *** inflow and outflow tests yielded similar results,indicating that careful execution of the test can lead to good test repeatability regardless of the loading *** sequences of alternated inflow and outflow tests have yielded similar results,indicating that soil reconsolidation and filter clogging were negligible in the tests *** are presented concerning the relationship between index parameters and the in situ coefficient of permeability for SarapuíII clay,which plot outside the range of existing databases.

关键词： Permeability test Soft clay BAT probe Inflow and outflow tests

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High-resolution multi-scale air pollution system:Evaluation of modelling performance and emission control strategies

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 65-81页

作者： Diogo lopes Joana Ferreira Sandra Rafael Ka In Hoi Xin Li Yuan Liu Ka-Veng Yuen Kai Meng Mok Ana Isabel Miranda Department of Environment and Planning&CESAM University of AveiroAveiroPortugal Department of Civil&Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of MacaoMacao SARChina

A high percentage of the world's population lives in areas where air pollutant concentrations exceed the World Health Organization *** work aims to develop and test,a high-resolution multi-scale air pollution modelling system by integrating a set of adequate *** system is able to provide detailed air pollutant concentrations in urban areas and support air quality management strategies through a better identification of different atmospheric *** also allows furthering the design and assessment of air pollution control measures for a specific *** evaluate its performance and suitability,the system was applied to the Macao Special Administrative Region(SAR),China,one of the most densely populated areas on earth,during a winter period when this area is affected by high levels of Particulate Matter(PM).Although the developed system tends to underestimate the PM concentrations,it revealed a good performance in reproducing the temporal and spatial air pollution *** exceedances of the Chinese air quality standards were calculated and high population exposure to PM pollution was *** tested urban atmospheric emission reduction scenarios have shown air quality improvements,indicating that emission reduction measures at urban level should focus on the domestic ***,it is crucial to implement joint pollution prevention strategies with neighbouring regions to improve the air quality in Macao *** approach developed in this work can support policymakers in defining new strategies to reduce atmospheric pollution in urban areas.

关键词： Urban areas High-resolution emission inventory Particulate matter Population exposure

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Colorectal cancer screening:A review of current knowledge and progress in research

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1119-1133页

作者： Sara Ramos lopes Claudio Martins Inês Costa Santos Madalena Teixeira Élia Gamito Ana Luisa Alves Department of Gastroenterology Centro Hospitalar de SetúbalSetúbal 2910-446Portugal

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide,being the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths *** the progress in screening,early diagnosis,and treatment,approximately 20%-25%of CRC patients still present with metastatic disease at the time of their initial ***,the burden of disease is still expected to increase,especially in individuals younger than 50 years old,among whom early-onset CRC incidence has been *** and early detection are pivotal to improve CRC-related *** is well established that CRC screening not only reduces incidence,but also decreases deaths from *** screening strategies have proven effective in decreasing both CRC incidence and mortality,though variations in efficacy have been reported across the ***,uncertainties persist regarding the optimal screening method,age intervals and ***,adherence to CRC screening remains globally *** recent years,emerging technologies,notably artificial intelligence,and non-invasive biomarkers,have been developed to overcome these ***,controversy exists over the actual impact of some of the new discoveries on CRC-related outcomes and how to effectively integrate them into daily *** this review,we aim to cover the current evidence surrounding CRC *** will further critically assess novel approaches under investigation,in an effort to differentiate promising inno-vations from mere novelties.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Screening Review Oncology Artificial intelligence

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Renewable Polymers in Biomedical Applications:From the Bench to the Market

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第4期12卷 643-666页

作者： Rauany Cristina.lopes Tamires Nossa Wilton Rogério Lustri Gabriel Lombardo Maria Inés Errea Eliane Trovatti Department of Health and Biological Sciences University of Araraquara—UNIARAAraraquara14801-340Brazil Laboratory of Materials(LabMat)and Laboratory of Biopolymers(LaBioPol) Federal Institute of EducationScience and Technology of São Paulo Campus Itapetininga(IFSP)Itapetininga18.202‑000Brazil Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires Cidade Autônoma de Buenos AiresC1437FBCArgentina Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas Científicas e Técnicas(CONICET) Cidade Autônoma de Buenos AiresC1425FQBArgentina Tecnologia YPF(Y-TEC) BerissoBuenos Aires1923Argentina

Polymers from renewable resources have been used for a long time in biomedical applications and found an irreplaceable role in some of *** uses have been increasing because of their attractive properties,contributing to the improvement of life quality,mainly in drug release systems and in regenerative *** using natural polymer,nano and microscale particles preparation,composites,blends and chemical modification strategies have been used to improve their properties for clinical *** many studies have been carried out with these natural polymers,the way to reach the market is long and only very few of them become commercially *** cellulose,bacterial cellulose,chitosan,poly(lactic acid)and starch can be found among the most studied polymers for biological applications,some with several derivatives already established in the market,and others with potential for *** this scenario this work aims to describe the properties and potential of these renewable polymers for biomedical applications,the routes from the bench to the market,and the perspectives for future developments.

关键词： Polymers renewable biomedical applications market

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Motivations for and barriers to innovation in non-profit organizations: The case of nursing homes in Northern Portugal

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2024年第1期8卷 25-44页

作者： Ana Rita Gonçalves lopes Aldina Isabel de Azevedo Correia Alexandra Maria da Silva Braga Center for Research and Innovation in Business Sciences and Information Systems School of Management and TechnologyPolitecnico do PortoRua do Curral-Margaride4610-156 FelgueirasPortugal

To contribute to the empirical literature on innovation in non-profit organizations,this study examines innovation in Private Social Solidarity Institutions with social responses for the elderly in Northern *** enriches the literature by clarifying the concept of innovation applied to non-profit organizations,which represents a perspective different from the business ***,it is important to support the innovation decisionmaking process in similar non-profit *** this study,the population was surveyed through questionnaires based on the PUBLIN research project,which has already been applied in different countries,and the targets were employees of organizations with social responses for the *** sample is small,with 28 respondent institutions and 51 employees,but it is representative,as it includes institutions from all districts in Northern *** study employed a quantitative approach,particularly factor analysis,multiple linear regression,and correlation analyses,using scales already applied in other dimensions of the social sector,to understand the effect of each innovation dimension/determinant on creativity and innovation in nonprofit *** results show that in these organizations with social responses for the elderly,learning orientation,risk-taking,and job satisfaction have a positive impact on innovation.

关键词： Determinants of innovation non-profit organizations social responses for the elderly Northern Portugal

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Feeding ecology and interactions with mammal hosts in a symbiotic genus of birds(Buphagus spp.)in Namibia

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Avian Research 2024年第3期15卷 336-344页

作者： Michael S.Lukubwe Daniel Velarde-Garcéz Fernando Sequeira Susana.lopes Adrian J.F.K.Craig Vanessa A.Mata Department of Zoology and Entomology Rhodes UniversityMakhandaSouth Africa Department of Wildlife Management and Tourism Studies University of NamibiaKatima Mulilo CampusNamibia Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal CIBIO Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos GenéticosInBIO Laboratório AssociadoCampus de VairãoVairãoPortugal BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairãoVairãoPortugal

As the sole obligate symbiotic birds in Africa,oxpeckers offer a unique model for studying symbiotic *** to the multitrophic level they occupy and the context dependent foraging behavior they exhibit,the type of symbiotic relationship can be *** addition to providing a cleaning service to the host by removing ticks,oxpeckers frequently feed on blood,mucus,and saliva,inflicting potential damage on the ***,we used DNA metabarcoding on faecal samples to analyze the taxonomic composition of the trophic interactions of the Yellow-billed Oxpecker(Buphagus africanus)and Red-billed Oxpecker(***)in northeastern *** contrast to conventional methods,DNA metabarcoding allows for a detailed identification of dietary resources encompassing both mammal hosts and consumed arthropods within the same *** this information,we examined differences in the diet composition between oxpecker species and localities,as well as the co-occurrence between host and arthropod *** findings revealed that oxpeckers predominantly source their diet from mammals,ticks,and flies;however,ticks and flies rarely co-occur in the diet of an *** observed variability among individuals in their feeding ecology,which is strongly correlated with locality and,to a lesser extent,with the mammal *** noted a high degree of mobility between hosts within relatively short periods,with 32%of the samples showing traces of at least two mammal *** study illustrates the dynamic foraging behavior of these specialized symbiotic birds,shedding light on their potential role in pest control services and disease transmission.

关键词： Commensalism Diet DNA metabarcoding Oxpeckers Parasitism Trophic ecology

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Different no-till grain production systems with Urochloa *** soil microbial community structure,biomass and activity in a tropical Ultisol

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 119-129页

作者： Matheus Emannuel Oliveira Vieira Lucas Dantas lopes France Mario Costa Viviane Talamini Edson Patto Pacheco Marcelo Ferreira Fernandes PPGAGRI Universidade Federal de SergipeAv.Marechal Rondons/n-49100-000-Sao CristovaoSEBrazil Embrapa Coastal Tablelands Av Govemador Paulo Barreto de Menezesn°3250-49025-040-AracajuSEBrazil

Integrated grain cropping systems promote soil health(SH)and *** biomass and activity(MBA)and community structure(MCS)are key to *** of maize with Urochloa pastures strongly impacts MBA and *** is more sensitive than MCS to shifts in grain cropping *** under continuous Urochloa increased microbial activity and AMF *** soils are prone to *** of conservation agricultural practices is essential to improve soil health,which is influenced by soil *** this study we analyzed shifts in microbial biomass and activity(MBA)and microbial community structure(MCS)based on fatty acid methyl esthers(FAMEs)between five no-till agricultural practices:maize monoculture(MM);maize annualy intercropped with Urochloa decumbens(M/Ud);M/Ud with soybean rotation every other year(M/Ud-S);M/Ud keeping the pasture for the next two years(M/Ud-Ud-Ud);and maize intercropped with *** keeping the pasture for the next two years(M/Ur-Ur-Ur).Results indicated that MBA was affected by the inclusion of Urochloa intercropping and by rotation with *** under a longer residence time with Urochloa in the field had higherβ-glucosidase activity and soil basal respiration,indicating a greater microbial *** was less affected than MBA by the investigated cropping *** changed only in the continuous pasture systems,which were enriched in arbuscular mycorrhyzal fungi(AMF).Additionally,the continuous pasture systems had lower microbial stress ratios than the other agricultural *** sum,our study showed that utilization of Urochloa *** longer periods in no-till agricultural practices contributes to increase microbial activity,AMF abundance and decrease microbial stress *** changes are primarily beneficial for soil health.

关键词： crop-pasture integration crop rotation no-tillage soil health microbial ecology

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