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Tomato mottle mosaic virus: Characterization, resistance gene effectiveness, and quintuplex RT-PCR detection system

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第9期21卷 2641-2651页

作者： carlos kwesi tettey YAN Zhi-yong MA Hua-yu ZHAO Mei-sheng GENG Chao TIAN Yan-ping LI Xiang-dong Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Plant ProtectionShandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018P.R.China

Tomato mottle mosaic virus(ToMMV), an economically important species of the genus Tobamovirus, causes significant loss in yield and quality of tomato fruits. Here, we identified the Shandong isolate of ToMMV(ToMMV-SD) collected from symptomatic tomato fruits in Weifang, Shandong Province of China. ToMMV-SD caused symptoms such as severe mosaic, mottling, and necrosis of tomato leaves, yellow spot and necrotic lesions on tomato fruits. The obtained full genome of ToMMV-SD was 6 399 nucleotides(accession number MW373515) and had the highest identity of 99.5% with that of isolate SC13-051 from the United States of America at the genomic level. The infectious clone of ToMMV-SD was constructed and induced clear mosaic and necrotic symptoms onto Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Several commercial tomato cultivars, harboring Tm-2~2 resistance gene, and pepper cultivars, containing L resistance gene, were susceptible to ToMMV-SD. Plants of Solanum melongena(eggplant) and Brassica pekinensis(napa cabbage) showed mottling symptoms, while N. tabacum cv. Zhongyan 100 displayed latent infection. ToMMV-SD did not infect plants of N. tabacum cv. Xanthi NN, Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis(bok choy), Raphanus sativus(radish), Vigna unguiculata cv. Yuanzhong 28-2(cowpea), or Tm-2~2 transgenic N. benthamiana. A quintuplex RT-PCR system differentiated ToMMV from tomato mosaic virus, tomato brown rugose fruit virus, tobacco mosaic virus, and tomato spotted wilt virus, with the threshold amount of 0.02 pg. These results highlight the threat posed by ToMMV to tomato and pepper cultivation and offer an efficient detection system for the simultaneous detection of four tobamoviruses and tomato spotted wilt virus infecting tomato plants in the field.

关键词： host range multiplex RT-PCR resistance genes symptom Tobamovirus tomato mottle mosaic virus

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Burn Management at the 37 Military Hospital—A Tertiary Hospital in Accra, Ghana

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Modern Plastic Surgery 2022年第1期12卷 1-12页

作者： kwesi Okumanin Nsaful Edward Asumanu Yaa Konadu Asante-Mante Jeffery Eduku Mozu Jennifer Maame Efua Owusu Emmanuel Yaw Botchway Amma Gyamfuawaa Afriyie Stephen Mawuli Dei Edmund tettey Nartey Richard Osei Boateng Plastics and Burn Centre 37 Military Hospital Accra Ghana General Surgery Unit 37 Military Hospital Accra Ghana Statistics and Data Analysis Department Korle Bu Teaching Hospital Accra Ghana Records and Data Collection Division 37 Military Hospital Accra Ghana

Burn injuries have been and remain a very significant source of mortality and morbidity in low- and middle-income countries. As a country in this category, Ghana, is not exempted. Ghana has a population of 31 Million with only 21 Plastic Reconstructive and Burn surgeons. Moreover, the country can boast of only 3 major Burn centres. This notwithstanding the country in particular and Africa, in general, carries an extraordinary burden of Burn injuries with devastating consequences. Burn data from the 37 Military Hospital were analyzed from March 2018 to September 2019—a period of 18 months. In all, 217 burn cases were seen representing about 2.1% of all trauma and surgical cases. Our burn data analyzed the peculiarities of epidemiology, types of burn, the pattern of injuries, and the outcome of burn care at the 37 Military Hospital. Flame is emerging as the predominant cause of burns, most frequently occurring from the use of Liquid Petroleum Gas. In the pediatric population, however, the most frequent cause of burns is hot water burns. The mortality rate among the burn population was 1.8% (4 mortalities). This paper aims to point out management methods adopted by our unit which helped to improve burn outcomes and to reduce mortality.

关键词： Burns Wound Healing Wound Dressing Burn Blisters Antibiotics

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