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Liver fibrosis and tissue architectural change measurement using fractal-rectified metrics and Hurst's exponent

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第14期12卷 2187-2194页

作者： Nicola Dioguardi Fabio Grizzi Barbara Franceschini Paola Bossi carlo russo Laboratori di Medicina Quantitativa Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS RozzanoMilanand "Michele Rodriguez" FoundationInstitute for Quantitative Methods in MedicineMilanItaly Department of Pathology Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS RozzanoMilanItaly

AIM： To provide the accurate alternative metrical means of monitoring the effects of new antiviral drugs on the reversal of newly formed collagen. METHODS： Digitized histological biopsy sections taken from 209 patients with chronic C virus hepatitis with different grade of fibrosis or cirrhosis, were measured by means of a new, rapid, user-friendly, fully computeraided method based on the international system meter rectified using fractal principles. RESULTS： The following were described： geometric perimeter, area and wrinkledness of fibrosis; the collation of the Knodell, Sheuer, Ishak and METAVIR scores with fractal-rectified metric measurements; the meaning of the physical composition of fibrosis in relation to the magnitude of collagen islets; the intra- and inter-biopsy sample variability of these parameters; the ＂staging＂ of biopsy sections indicating the pathway covered by fibrosis formation towards its maximum known value; the quantitative liver tissue architectural changes with the Hurst exponent. CONCLUSION： Our model provides the first metrical evaluations of the geometric properties of fibrosis and the quantitative architectural changes of the liver tissue. The representativeness of histological sections of the whole liver is also discussed in the light of the results obtained with the Hurst coefficient.

关键词： Liver Fibrosis Cirrhosis Staging Image analysis Fractals

Vascular architecture:is it a helpful histopathological biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma?

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2007年第4期8卷 217-220页

作者： GRIZZI Fabio FRANCESCHINI Barbara FIAMENGO Barbara russo carlo DIOGUARDI Nicola Laboratories of Quantitative Medicine Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS20089 RozzanoMilanItaly Department of Pathology Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS20089 RozzanoMilanItaly

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) remains one of the major public health problems throughout the *** originally associated with tumorigenic processes,liver angiogenesis has also been observed in the context of different liver in-flammatory,fibrotic,and ischemic *** we investigate the fractal dimension as a quantitator of non-Euclidean two-dimensional vascular geometry in a series of paired specimens of primary HCC and surrounding non-tumoral tissue,and discuss why this parameter might provide additional information regarding cancer *** application of fractal geometry to the measurement of liver vascularity and the availability of a computer-aided quantitative method can eliminate errors in visual interpretation,and make it possible to obtain closer-to-reality numerals that are compulsory for any measurement process.

关键词： Liver Angiogenesis Cancer Fractals Geometry Biomarkers

Sampling variability of computer-aided fractal-corrected measures of liver fibrosis in needle biopsy specimens

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第47期12卷 7660-7665页

作者： Fabio Grizzi carlo russo Barbara Franceschini Mariagrazia Di Rocco Valter Torri Emanuela Morenghi Luigi Rainiero Fassati Nicola Dioguardi Laboralori di Medicina Quanlitativa Islituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS Rozzano Milan Italy Department of Pathology Istituto ClinicoHumanitas IRCCS Rozzano Milan Italy Laboratory of Clinical Research in Oncology Mario Negri Institute of Pharmacological Research Milan Italy Clinical Research Office Istituto ClinicoHumanitas IRCCS Rozzano Milan Italy Department of General Surgery and Transplantation Ospedale Maggiore IRCCS Milan Italy

AIM： TO assess the sampling variability of computeraided, fractal-corrected measures of fibrosis in liver biopsies. METHODS： Samples were derived from six to eight different parts of livers removed from 12 patients with clinically and histologically proven cirrhosis undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation. Sirius red-stained sections with a thickness of 2 μm were digitized using a computer-aided image analysis system that automatically measures the surface of fibrosis, as well as its outline perimeter, fractal surface and outline dimensions, wrinldedness, and Hurst coefficient. RESULTS： We found a high degree of inter-sample variability in the measurements of the surface [coefficient of variation （CV） = 43% ± 13%] and wrinkledness （CV = 28% ± 9%） of fibrosis, but the inter-sample variability of Hurst＇s exponent was low （CV = 14% ± 2%）. CONCLUSION： This study suggests that Hurst＇s exponent might be used in clinical practice as the best histological estimate of fibrosis in the whole organ, and evidences the fact that biopsy sections, which are fundamental for the qualitative diagnosis of chronic hepatitis, play a key role in the quantitative estimate of architectural changes in liver tissue.

关键词： Cirrhosis Hepatitis C virus Inter-sample variability Extra-cellular matrix Image analysis

The promise of neuroprotection by dietary restriction in glaucoma

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 45-47页

作者： Rossella russo carlo Nucci Annagrazia Adornetto Preclinical and Translational Pharmacology Department of PharmacyHealth and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of CalabriaRendeItaly Ophthalmology Unit Department of Experimental MedicineUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRomeItaly

Glaucoma,a progressive age-related optic neuropathy characterized by the death of retinal ganglion cells,is the most common neurodegenerative cause of irreversible blindness *** therapeutic management of glaucoma,which is limited to lowering intraocular pressure,is still a challenge since visual loss progresses in a significant percentage of treated *** dietary regimens have received considerable attention as adjuvant strategy for attenuating or delaying the progression of neurodegenerative *** we discuss the literature exploring the effects of modified eating patterns on retinal aging and resistance to stressor stimuli.

关键词： aging caloric restriction fasting glaucoma neurodegeneration retina retinal ganglion cells

Colonoscopic evaluation of hematochezia in low and average risk patients for colorectal cancer:A prospective study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第45期12卷 7304-7308页

作者： Puglisi carlo russo Francesco Paolo Barbera Carmelo Incarbone Salvatore Aprile Giuseppe Bonanno Giacomo russo Antonio Cattedra di Gastroenterologia Università di Catania Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico-Catania Italy

AIM: To relate the endoscopic findings in patients with hematochezia with regard to age in “low and average risk” for colorectal cancer (CRC) and to localize signifi cant lesions in order to identify patients who need sigmoidoscopy or total colonoscopy. METHODS: This prospective study was performed in an open access GI endoscopy unit. Out of 4322 consecutive patients undergoing colonoscopy, 918 reported hema- tochezia. The fi nal study group comprized 180 patients aged below 45 and 237 over 45. Main exclusion criteria were a 1st-degree family history of colorectal carcinoma, patients reporting blood mixed with stools and/or pro- gressive colonic symptoms, or patients who had under- gone colon surgery for neoplastic lesions. RESULTS: Total colonoscopy could be performed in 96% of patients. Abnormal findings were observed in 34.3% of the younger and in 65.7% of the older ones. Findings were the presence of polyps in the distal colon (n = 2) and IBD in the proximal colon (n = 29) in the group of the younger patients, and polyps (n = 15), IBD (n = 13), and carcinoma (n = 6, 4 of the lesions were located proximal to the splenic flexure) in the elderly. Our f indings suggest that the diagnostic potential of total colonoscopy in patients younger than 45 referring scant hematochezia, is not mandatory. By exploring only the distal tract of the colon we have misdiagnosed two cases of IBD located in the ascending colon. In this group of patients additional risk factors must be identifi ed before performing a total colonoscopy. Regarding the patients older than 45 yr, the exploration of the distal colon would have led to our overlooking a carcinoma, two neoplastic polyps and one IBD located in the proximal colon. CONCLUSION: Young patients with scant hematochezia but without risk factors for neoplasia do not need a totalcolonoscopy, whereas is mandatory performing a total colonoscopy in older patients even in the presence of anal pathology.

关键词： Hematochezia Colonoscopy Neoplasia Colonic neoplasia

Functional correlates of skull shape in Chiroptera:feeding and echolocation adaptations

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第3期17卷 430-442页

作者： Giada GIACOMINI Anthony HERREL Gloriana CHAVERRI Richard P.BROWN Danilo russo Dino SCARAVELLI carlo MELORO Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology School of Biological and Environmental SciencesLiverpool John Moores UniversityUK Département d’Ecologie et de Gestion de Paris C.N.R.S/M.N.H.N.ParisFrance Recinto de Golfito Universidad de Costa RicaGolfitoCosta Rica Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute BalboaAncónRepública de Panamá Wildlife Research Unit Dipartimento di AgrariaUniversitàdegli Studi di Napoli Federico IIPorticiItaly School of Biological Sciences Life Sciences BuildingUniversity of BristolBristolUK Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences University of BolognaOzzano dell’EmiliaItaly

Morphological,functional,and behavioral adaptations of bats are among the most diverse within mammals.A strong association between bat skull morphology and feeding behavior has been suggested ***,morphological variation related to other drivers of adaptation,in particular echolocation,remains *** assessed variation in skull morphology with respect to ecology(diet and emission type)and function(bite force,masticatory muscles and echolocation characteristics)using geometric morphometrics and comparative *** study suggests that variation in skull shape of 10 bat families is the result of adaptations to broad dietary categories and sound emission types(oral or nasal).Skull shape correlates with echolocation parameters only in a subsample of insectivorous species,possibly because they(almost)entirely rely on this sensory system for locating and capturing *** emitting low frequencies are characterized by a ventrally tilted rostrum,a trait not associated with feeding *** result questions the validity of a trade-off between feeding and echolocation *** study advances understanding of the relationship between skull morphology and specific features of echolocation and suggests that evolutionary constraints due to echolocation may differ between different groups within the Chiroptera.

关键词： diet echolocation functional morphology geometric morphometrics macroevolution

A mutation in the ZNF687 gene that is responsible for the severe form of Paget's disease of bone causes severely altered bone remodeling and promotes hepatocellular carcinoma onset in a knock-in mouse model

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Bone Research 2023年第1期11卷 201-214页

作者： Sharon russo Federica Scotto di carlo Antonio Maurizi Giorgio Fortunato Anna Teti Danilo Licastro Carmine Settembre Tommaso Mello Fernando Gianfrancesco Institute of Genetics and Biophysics“Adriano Buzzati-Traverso” National Research Council of ItalyNaplesItaly Department of Environmental Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies(DiSTABiF)University of Campania Luigi VanvitelliCasertaItaly Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences University of L’AquilaL’AquilaItaly AREA Science Park PadricianoTriesteItaly Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine(TIGEM) PozzuoliItaly Gastroenterology Unit Department of Experimental and Clinical Biochemical Sciences“Mario Serio”University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly IRCCS INM Neuromed PozzilliISItaly

Paget’s disease(PDB)is a late-onset bone remodeling disorder with a broad spectrum of symptoms and *** of the most aggressive forms is caused by the P937R mutation in the ZNF687 *** the genetic involvement of ZNF687 in PDB has been extensively studied,the molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain ***,we describe the first Zfp687 knock-in mouse model and demonstrate that the mutation recapitulates the PDB phenotype,resulting in severely altered bone *** microcomputed tomography analysis,we observed that 8-month-old mutant mice showed a mainly osteolytic phase,with a significant decrease in the trabecular bone volume affecting the femurs and the ***,osteoblast activity was deregulated,producing disorganized ***,this phenotype became pervasive in 16-month-old mice,where osteoblast function overtook bone resorption,as highlighted by the presence of woven bone in histological analyses,consistent with the PDB ***,we detected osteophytes and intervertebral disc degeneration,outlining for the first time the link between osteoarthritis and PDB in a PDB mouse *** sequencing of wild-type and Zfp687 knockout RAW264.7 cells identified a set of genes involved in osteoclastogenesis potentially regulated by Zfp687,e.g.,Tspan7,Cpe,Vegfc,and Ggt1,confirming its role in this ***,in this mouse model,the mutation was also associated with a high penetrance of hepatocellular ***,this study established an essential role of Zfp687 in the regulation of bone remodeling,offering the potential to therapeutically treat PDB,and underlines the oncogenic potential of ZNF687.

关键词： RAW264.7 Paget remodeling

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第12期28卷 1226-1238页

作者： Nadia Marascio Salvatore Rotundo Angela Quirino Giovanni Matera Maria Carla Liberto Chiara Costa Alessandro russo Enrico Maria Trecarichi carlo Torti Department of Health Sciences Unit of MicrobiologyUniversity“Magna Graecia”of CatanzaroCatanzaro 88100Italy Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Unit of Infectious and Tropical Diseases"Magna Graecia"University of CatanzaroCatanzaro 88100Italy

Hepatitis E virus(HEV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV)are both RNA viruses with a tropism for liver parenchyma but are also capable of extrahepatic *** E is usually a viral acute fecal-oral transmitted and self-limiting disease presenting with malaise,jaundice,nausea and ***,HEV causes a chronic infection in immunocompromised persons and severe fulminant hepatitis in pregnant *** HCV infection is typically asymptomatic for decades until chronic complications,such as cirrhosis and cancer,*** being two very different viruses in terms of phylogenetic and clinical presentations,HEV and HCV show many similarities regarding possible transmission through organ transplantation and blood transfusion,pathogenesis(production of antinuclear antibodies and cryoglobulins)and response to treatment with some direct-acting antiviral *** both HEV and HCV are well studied individually,there is a lack of knowledge about coinfection and its *** aim of this review is to analyze current literature by evaluating original articles and case reports and to hypothesize some interactions that can be useful for research and clinical practice.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis E virus Co-infection Genomic variability Extrahepatic diseases Vaccine

Electrophysiologic behaviour of a left sided accessory pathway with decremental (Mahaim-like) properties

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2012年第1期2卷 34-36页

作者： Marco Galeazzi Maurizio russo Sabina Ficili carlo Lavalle Claudio Pandozi Dipartimento Cardiovascolare Ospedale San Filippo Neri Rome Italy

The observation of a left sided accessory pathway with decremental properties is rare. We describe the behaviour of one of these pathways which was characterized by the presence of retrograde conduction (not previousl... 详细信息

关键词： Accessory Pathway Decremental Properties