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starburst amacrine cells,involved in visual motion perception,lose their synaptic input from dopaminergic amacrine cells and degenerate in Parkinson’s disease patients

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 638-653页

作者： Xavier sánchez-sáez† Isabel Ortuño-Lizarán† carla sánchez-castillo Pedro Lax Nicolás Cuenca Department of Physiology Genetics and MicrobiologyUniversity of AlicanteSan Vicente del RaspeigSpain Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedi-cal Research(IsABIAL) AlicanteSpain Ramón Margalef Institute University of AlicanteSan Vicente del RaspeigSpain.

Background The main clinical symptoms characteristic of Parkinson’s disease(PD)are bradykinesia,tremor,and other motor ***,non-motor symptoms,such as visual disturbances,can be identified at early stages of the *** of these symptoms is the impairment of visual motion ***,we sought to determine if the starburst amacrine cells,which are the main cellular type involved in motion direction selectivity,are degenerated in PD and if the dopaminergic system is related to this *** Human eyes from control(n=10)and PD(n=9)donors were available for this *** immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy,we quantified starburst amacrine cell density(choline acetyltransferase[ChAT]-positive cells)and the relationship between these cells and dopaminergic amacrine cells(tyrosine hydroxylase-positive cells and vesicular monoamine transporter-2-positive presynapses)in cross-sections and wholemount *** First,we found two different ChAT amacrine populations in the human retina that presented different ChAT immunoreactivity intensity and different expression of calcium-binding *** populations are affected in PD and their density is reduced compared to ***,we report,for the first time,synaptic contacts between dopaminergic amacrine cells and ChAT-positive cells in the human *** found that,in PD retinas,there is a reduction of the dopaminergic synaptic contacts into ChAT *** Taken together,this work indicates degeneration of starburst amacrine cells in PD related to dopaminergic degeneration and that dopaminergic amacrine cells could modulate the function of starburst amacrine *** motion perception circuitries are affected in PD,their assessment using visual tests could provide new insights into the diagnosis of PD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Retinal neurodegeneration Human retina ChAT amacrine cells Dopaminergic amacrine cells

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Correction:starburst amacrine cells,involved in visual motion perception,lose their synaptic input from dopaminergic amacrine cells and degenerate in Parkinson’s disease patients

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 574-574页

作者： Xavier sánchez-sáez† Isabel Ortuño-Lizarán† carla sánchez-castillo Pedro Lax Nicolás Cuenca Department of Physiology Genetics and MicrobiologyUniversity of AlicanteSan Vicente del RaspeigSpain Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research(IsABIAL) AlicanteSpain Ramón Margalef Institute University of AlicanteSan Vicente del RaspeigSpain

Correction:Translational Neurodegeneration(2023)12:17(2023)https://***/10.1186/s40035-023-00348-y Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported an error in the article *** publication of the original article[1],the authors reported an error in the article title.“Lose”was mistakenly typed as“loose”in the original *** correct title should read:starburst amacrine cells,involved in visual motion perception,lose their synaptic input from dopaminergic amacrine cells and degenerate in Parkinson’s disease patients.

关键词： degenerate motion loose

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Temporal and spatial differences in human activities performed in Urban Green spaces of Vilnius(Lithuania)

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Geography and sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 302-317页

作者： Luís Valença Pinto carla sofia santos Ferreira Paulo Pereira Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and society(CERNAs) Polytechnic Institute of CoimbraBencanta3045-601 CoimbraPortugal Environmental Management Laboratory Mykolas Romeris UniversityVilniusLithuania Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra Applied Research InstituteRua da MisericórdiaLagar dos Cortiços-S.Martinho do Bispo3045-093 CoimbraPortugal

Urban green spaces(UGs)are relevant to city well-being,as recognized by the United Nations’sustainable Development Goals(sDGs).However,few studies have studied the temporal use of *** work assessed the seasonal,weekly,and daily use of three urban green spaces(Vingis Park,Bernardino Garden,and Jomantas Park)in Vilnius(Lithuania).The study is based on an on-site observation-based survey,which recorded users’characteristics,activities,and weather conditions during summer and *** results showed that UGs’s seasonal,weekly,and daily use differed according to park and users’*** with a higher diversity of facilities had a high seasonal difference in the number of observed *** numbers were higher in the summer for activities with children,social activities,sports,and water activities than in the *** Park had the lowest variability in user *** variables were linked to changes in users’*** precipitation and lower temperature were associated with reducing the number of users and the diversity of registered *** of the stationary activities were observed during *** diversity of the observed activities was associated with the available facilities rather than the park *** distribution of stationary activities was spatially correlated with facility/equipment(benches,playgrounds,sports,and fitness equipment)and proximity to water *** results of this study are relevant for UGs design,planning,and management.

关键词： Urban parks seasonal differences Temporal use Time of day spatial distribution of UGs users

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Experimental Exclusion of Guanaco Grazing Increases Cover, Diversity, Land Function and Plant Recruitment in Patagonia

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1383-1401页

作者： carla Cepeda Gabriel Oliva Daniela Ferrante INTA Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Santa Cruz9400Rio GallegosArgentina Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral Santa Cruz9400Rio GallegosArgentina

semiarid Patagonia represents 25%of the rangeland area in Argentina,and sheep overgrazing has degraded about a third of it in the *** this century,depleted domestic stocks have mostly stabilized,but Guanaco populations have *** native camelids share habitat and diets with sheep,but their effect on vegetation is poorly understood and has long been *** set up an exclusion experiment in Monte León and Cañadón Vaca,a semiarid shrubland grassland in southern Patagonia,currently grazed only by *** baselines were studied in 2016 in twelve plots,and half of them were protected from guanaco ***-six plots were cleared to study *** was reassessed in 2021,and changes were evaluated using a paired *** protected plots,vegetation cover increased,bare soil diminished,and vegetated patches grew in size,but the density of the patch-interpatch arrangement did not ***,measured by richness and the shan-non-Wiener(sW)index,grew signiﬁ*** recycling increased,as did the stability and Inﬁltration Land Function indexes,although these last differences were not signiﬁ*** cover under guanaco grazing also increased,mainly due to the growth of dwarf shrubs,a typical tendency in sheep grazing-induced transitions in the *** patches under grazing fragmented,resulting in smaller patches and denser patch struc-tures,while diversity and land function indexes remained *** plants established in cleared plots without guanacos showed higher cover density and individual *** effects are similar to those observed in numerous experimental sheep *** grazing may thus prevent restoration and contribute to the generalized land degradation processes that overgrazing has been causing in Patagonia for over a century.

关键词： Rangelands herbivory biodiversity overgrazing carrying capacity fauna

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Investigating epithelial-neuronal signaling contribution in visceral pain through colon organoid-dorsal root ganglion neuron co-cultures

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1199-1200页

作者： Francesco Margiotia Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli Antonino Morabito carla Ghelardini Elena Lucarini Department of Neuroscience Psychology Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section University of Florence Department of Neuroscience Psychology Drug Research and Child Health-NEUROFARBA University of Florence 3. Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS

Abdominal pain is a common symptom associated with irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs), affecting about 20% of the global population(Grundy et al., 2019). Current pain therapies are poorly effective on visceral pain of intestinal origin and present several side effects, hence the need to identify novel molecular and cellular targets for drug development. The pathophysiology of visceral-abdominal pain,

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Combinatorial therapies for spinal cord injury repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1293-1308页

作者： carla s.sousa Andreia Monteiro António J.salgado Nuno A.silva Life and Health sciences Research Institute(ICVs) School of MedicineUniversity of MinhoCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal ICVs/3B’s Associate Lab PT Government Associated LabCampus de Gualtar-gualtarBragaPortugal

spinal cord injuries have profound detrimental effects on individuals, regardless of whether they are caused by trauma or non-traumatic events. The compromised regeneration of the spinal cord is primarily attributed to damaged neurons, inhibitory molecules, dysfunctional immune response, and glial scarring. Unfortunately, currently, there are no effective treatments available that can fully repair the spinal cord and improve functional outcomes. Nevertheless, numerous pre-clinical approaches have been studied for spinal cord injury recovery, including using biomaterials, cells, drugs, or technological-based strategies. Combinatorial treatments, which target various aspects of spinal cord injury pathophysiology, have been extensively tested in the last decade. These approaches aim to synergistically enhance repair processes by addressing various obstacles faced during spinal cord regeneration. Thus, this review intends to provide scientists and clinicians with an overview of pre-clinical combinatorial approaches that have been developed toward the solution of spinal cord regeneration as well as update the current knowledge about spinal cord injury pathophysiology with an emphasis on the current clinical management.

关键词： electric stimulation neural tissue regeneration neuroprotection polytherapy spinal cord injury

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Dietary xylo‑oligosaccharides and arabinoxylans improved growth efficiency by reducing gut epithelial cell turnover in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1325-1335页

作者： carla Castro shahram Niknafs Gemma Gonzalez‑Ortiz Xinle Tan Michael R.Bedford Eugeni Roura Centre for Nutrition and Food sciences Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia AB Vista MarlboroughWiltshire SN84ANUK

Background One of the main roles of the intestinal mucosa is to protect against environmental ***-mentation of xylo-oligosaccharides(XOs)is known to selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria and improve gut health and function in *** may have an impact on the integrity of the intestinal epithelia where cell turnover is critical to maintain the compatibility between the digestive and barrier *** aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of XOs and an arabinoxylan-rich fraction(AXRF)supplementation on gut func-tion and epithelial integrity in broiler *** A total of 128 broiler chickens(Ross 308)were assigned into one of two different dietary treatments for a period of 42 d:1)control diet consisting of a corn/soybean meal-based diet;or 2)a control diet supplemented with 0.5%XOs and 1%*** treatment was randomly distributed across 8 pens(n=8)with 8 chickens *** intake and body weight were recorded *** d 42,one male chicken per pen was selected based on aver-age weight and euthanized,jejunum samples were collected for proteomics *** Dietary XOs/AXRF supplementation improved feed efficiency(Psis was used to understand the mechanism of improved efficiency uncovering 346 dif-ferentially abundant proteins(DAP)(Padjsupplemented chickens compared to the non-supplemented *** the jejunum,the DAP translated into decreased ATP production indicating lower energy expenditure by the tissue(e.g.,inhibition of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways).In addition,DAP were associated with decreased epithelial cell differentiation,and migration by reducing the actin polymerization ***-ting the two main pathways together,XOs/AXRF supplementation may decrease around 19%the energy required for the maintenance of the gastrointestinal *** Dietary XOs/AXRF supplementation improved gr

关键词： Actin Arabinoxylans Broiler Cell turnover Energy metabolism Jejunum Xylo-oligosaccharides

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The use of Vis-NIR-sWIR spectroscopy in the prediction of soil available ions after application of rock powder

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2024年第1期11卷 26-44页

作者： Marlon Rodrigues Josiane carla Argenta Everson Cezar Glaucio Leboso Alemparte Abrantes dos santos ÖnderÖzal Amanda silveira Reis Marcos Rafael Nanni Department of Agronomy State University of MaringáColombo AvenueMaringá87020900Brazil Department of Plant and soil sciences Mississippi State UniversityMS 39762USA International Agricultural Research and Training Center Izmir 35660Turkey

some of the problems attributed to traditional laboratory analyses that limit the correct assessment of the nutrient contents in the soil are time requirements and high cost of the soil nutrient *** solve these problems,a study was carried out to evaluate the use of visible,near-infrared,and short-wave infrared(Vis-NIR-sWIR)spectroscopy in the prediction of soil available ions submitted to the application of rock *** study was carried out on an Arenosol in ParanavaíCity/***(rock powders)were arranged within a split-plot system designed in randomized blocks with four *** was cultivated for 14 months after the application of rock ***,96 soil samples were collected for measuring the pH and available ions P,K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),s-sO_(4)^(2-),si,Cu^(2+),Fe^(2+),Mn^(2+),and Zn^(2+)as well as spectral reading through a Vis-NIR-sWIR spectroradiometer to predict the soil chemical attributes through the partial least square regression(PLs)*** results showed that the elements K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),Cu^(2+),and Fe^(2+)could be predicted with a reasonable rightness degree(R^(2)_(p)>0.50,RPDp>1.40)from spectral ***,for the attributes pH,P,s-sO_(4)^(2-),si,Mn^(2+),and Zn^(2+),there were no satisfactory models(R^(2)_(p)s,the application of rock powder changed the spectral curves and,because of that,allows the building of PLs models to predict the elements K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),Cu^(2+),and Fe^(2+).Therefore,Vis-NIR-sWIR spectroscopy is a promising alternative to the routine analyses of soil fertility since it has advantages such as fast analytical speed,low cost,easy to operate,non-destructive,and environmentally friendly,because it does not use harmful chemicals.

关键词： Alternative inputs Available Ions Multivariate analysis soil spectroscopy

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Ultrasound,contrast-enhanced ultrasound and pyelonephritis:A narrative review

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World Journal of Nephrology 2024年第3期13卷 1-8页

作者： Andrea Boccatonda Roberta stupia carla serra Department of Medical and surgical sciences(DIMEC) University of BolognaBologna 40126Italy Department of General Medicine C Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of VeronaUniversity of VeronaVerona 37134Italy Department of Medical Liver Transplant Care General and University Hospital S.Orsola-MalpighiBologna 40138Italy

Acute pyelonephritis(APN)is a bacterial infection resulting in kidney inflammation,typically arising as a complication of an ascending urinary tract infection that ascends from the bladder to the *** diagnosis is generally based on clinical and laboratory *** guidelines recommend not performing diagnostic imaging unless a complicated APN is suspected or the infection affects high-risk patients such as the elderly,immunocompromised individuals,or ***-enhanced ultrasound(CEUs)is a valuable tool in both the diagnosis and follow-up of *** aids in distinguishing small simple nephritic involvement from abscess complications and monitoring their evolution over time during antibiotic *** its lack of ionizing radiation and nephrotoxicity,CEUs is a valid diagnostic modality for approaching and monitoring pyelonephritis,improving early identification and characterization of inflammatory *** review aims to summarize the main evidence on the use of ultrasound and CEUs in the diagnosis of APN and its follow-up.

关键词： Pyelonephritis Contrast-enhanced ultrasound Kidney Abscess Urinary infection

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Commentary on“synchronized activity of sensory neurons initiates cortical synchrony in a model of neuropathic pain”

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 728-728页

作者： Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli carla Ghelardini Department of Neuroscience PsychologyDrug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Section of Pharmacology and ToxicologyUniversity of Florence

In pat i e nt s,a s well as in animal mod e l s,hypersensitivity to external stimuli(hyperalgesia and allodynia)or spontaneous pain is often the first,and the most disabling,symptom of neuropathy(Davis et al.,2020).The increased activity of sensitive neurons drives pain development,making ion channel modulation a fundamental target for current pharmacotherapy as well as one of the most investigated by the R&D departments of pharmaceutical companies(Bennett et al.,2019).

关键词： companies pain ent

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