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Production of the Cancer-Preventive Glucoraphanin in Tobacco

Molecular Plant 2010年第4期3卷 751-759页

作者： Michael Dalgaard Mikkelsen carl erik olsen Barbara Ann Halkier University of Copenhagen Faculty of Life Sciences Department of Plant Biology Plant Biochemistry Laboratory VKR Research Centre for Pro-Active Plants 40 Thorvaldsensvej DK-1871 Frederiksberg C Copenhagen Denmark University of Copenhagen Faculty of Life Sciences Department of Basic Sciences and Environment/Bioorganic Chemistry 40 Thorvaldsensvej DK-1871 Frederiksberg C Copenhagen Denmark

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated reduced risk of developing cancer upon consumption of diets rich in cruciferous vegetables. This chemoprevention has been largely attributed to the presence of the natural products glu- cosinolates, particularly the methionine-derived glucoraphanin from broccoli. Improved nutrition by functional foods or health-promoting dietary supplements is an attractive means for prevention of lifestyle-based diseases. Towards this goal, we have engineered the glucoraphanin pathway into tobacco. First, we engineered elongation of the side chain of methionine to produce the key intermediate dihomo-methionine. This process is catalyzed through two cycles in a chain-elongation pathway that takes place partly in the cytosol and partly in the chloroplast. Second, by coupling the five enzymes of the chain-elongation pathway to eight enzymes of the glucosinolate pathway, we show production of glucoraphanin together with other glucosinolates derived from chain-elongated isoleucine and/or leucine. The conver- sion of methionine to glucoraphanin is obtained via 14 intermediates. Demonstrating the production of the high-value glucoraphanin in a heterologous host has great potential in the food and medicinal industry as a means to generate a stable, rich source of glucoraphanin for the benefit of human health.

关键词： Compartmentation secondary metabolism/natural products Agrobacterium Arabidopsis tobacco glucosinolates metabolic engineering.

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Metabolomic, Transcriptional, Hormonal, and Signaling Cross-Talk in Superroot2

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Molecular Plant 2010年第1期3卷 192-211页

作者： Marc Morant Claus Ekstrom Peter Ulvskov Charlotte Kristensen Mats Rudemo carl erik olsen Jorgen Hansen Kirsten Jorgensena Bodil Jorgensen Birger Lindberg Moilera Soren Bak Plant Biochemistry Laboratory Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology University of Copenhagen 40 Thorvaldsensvej DK-1871 FrederiksbergC Copenhagen Denmark Center for Molecular Plant Physiology University of Copenhagen. DK-1871 Frederiksberg C Copenhagen Denmark Department of Natural Sciences University of Copenhagen DK-1871 Frederiksberg C Copenhagen Denmark VKR research centre 'Pro-Active Plants' Plant Biochemistry Laboratory Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology University of Copenhagen DK-1871 Frederiksberg C Copenhagen Denmark Evolva A/S Bulowsvej 25 DK-1870 Frederiksberg C Copenhagen Denmark Center for Applied Bioinformatics at LIFE University of Copenhagen 40 Thorvaldsensvej DK-1871 Frederiksberg C Copenhagen Denmark

Auxin homeostasis is pivotal for normal plant growth and development. The superroot2 （sur2） mutant was initially isolated in a forward genetic screen for auxin overproducers, and SUR2 was suggested to control auxin conju- gation and thereby regulate auxin homeostasis. However, the phenotype was not uniform and could not be described as a pure high auxin phenotype, indicating that knockout of CYP83B1 has multiple effects. Subsequently, SUR2 was identified as CYP83B1, a cytochrome P450 positioned at the metabolic branch point between auxin and indole glucosinolate metabolism. To investigate concomitant global alterations triggered by knockout of CYP83B1 and the countermeasures chosen by the mutant to cope with hormonal and metabolic imbalances, 10-day-old mutant seedlings were characterized with respect to their transcriptome and metabolome profiles. Here, we report a global analysis of the sur2 mutant by the use of a combined transcriptomic and metabolomic approach revealing pronounced effects on several metabolic grids including the intersection between secondary metabolism, cell wall turnover, hormone metabolism, and stress responses. Metabolic and transcriptional cross-talks in sur2 were found to be regulated by complex interactions between both positively and negatively acting transcription factors. The complex phenotype of sur2 may thus not only be assigned to elevated levels of auxin, but also to ethylene and abscisic acid responses as well as drought responses in the absence of a water deficiency. The delicate balance between these signals explains why minute changes in growth conditions may result in the non-uniform phenotype. The large phenotypic variation observed between and within the different surveys may be reconciled by the complex and intricate hormonal balances in sur2 seedlings decoded in this study.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress hormonal regulation metabolomics secondary metabolism/natural products transcriptome analysis development.

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The Metabolic Response of Arabidopsis Roots to Oxidative Stress is Distinct from that of Heterotrophic Cells in Culture and Highlights a Complex Relationship between the Levels of Transcripts, Metabolites, and Flux

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Molecular Plant 2009年第3期2卷 390-406页

作者： Martin Lehmann Markus Schwarzlander Toshihiro Obata Supaart Sirikantaramas Meike Burow carl erik olsen Takayuki Tohge Mark D. Fricker Birger Lindberg Moiler Alisdair R. Fernie Lee J. Sweetlove Miriam Laxa Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology Am M0hlenberg 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Department of Plant Sciences University of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3RB UK Plant Biochemistry Laboratory Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology and VKR Research Centre for Pro-Active Plants University of Copenhagen 40 Thorvaldsensvei DK-1871 Frederiksberg C Copenhagen Denmark

Metabolic adjustments are a significant, but poorly understood, part of the response of plants to oxidative stress. In a previous study （Baxter et al., 2007）, the metabolic response of Arabidopsis cells in culture to induction of oxidative stress by menadione was characterized. An emergency survival strategy was uncovered in which anabolic primary metabolism was largely down-regulated in favour of catabolic and antioxidant metabolism. The response in whole plant tissues may be different and we have therefore investigated the response of Arabidopsis roots to menadione treatment, analyzing the transcriptome, metabolome and key metabolic fluxes with focus on primary as well as secondary metabolism. Using a redox-sensitive GFP, it was also shown that menadione causes redox perturbation, not just in the mitochondrion, but also in the cytosol and plastids of roots. In the first 30 min of treatment, the response was similar to the cell culture： there was a decrease in metabolites of the TCA cycle and amino acid biosynthesis and the transcriptomic response was dominated by up-regulation of DNA regulatory proteins. After 2 and 6 h of treatment, the response of the roots was different to the cell culture. Metabolite levels did not remain depressed, but instead recovered and, in the case of pyruvate, some amino acids and aliphatic glucosinolates showed a steady increase above control levels. However, no major changes in fluxes of central carbon metabolism were observed and metabolic transcripts changed largely independently of the corresponding metabolites. Together, the results suggest that root tissues can recover metabolic activity after oxidative inhibition and highlight potentially important roles for glycolysis and the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway.

关键词： Carbon metabolism oxidative and photo oxidative stress secondary metabolism phenylpropanoids and phenolics root biology Arabidopsis.

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Tethered Lipids from Thapsia garganica

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天然产物研究与开发 2004年第5期16卷 447-447页

作者： olsen carl erik Christensen S.Brgger Department of Natural Sciences Royal VeterinaryAgricultural University Bülowsvej 17 DK-1870 Frederiksberg C Denmark

The two macrocyclic lipids 2-hydroxymethyl-1,4-dioxacycloicosane-5,20-dione(1)and 3-hydroxy-1,5-dioxacyclohenicosane-6,21-dione(2)have been isolated from the fruits of Thapsia garganica. Tethered lipids are unpreceden... 详细信息

关键词：脂类植物生物化学分子式 Thapsia garganica

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瑞典北部重工业区的能源效率和系统集成

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宁波节能 2012年第6期 30-31页

作者： carl-erik Grip 吕勒奥理工大学

在瑞典的工业能源消耗产业中,造纸业和钢铁冶炼是最大能源消费大户。造纸业、钢铁冶炼和化工业这三大行业的能源消费量占总消费量的70%以上。瑞典的能源生产和能源消费存在一个特点,北部生产、南部消费。这是由于瑞典人口主要集中在南部... 详细信息

在瑞典的工业能源消耗产业中,造纸业和钢铁冶炼是最大能源消费大户。造纸业、钢铁冶炼和化工业这三大行业的能源消费量占总消费量的70%以上。瑞典的能源生产和能源消费存在一个特点,北部生产、南部消费。这是由于瑞典人口主要集中在南部,所以能源消费在南部;而瑞典的很多能源公司在北部。为有效克服能源消费的不均匀性,政府尝试了多种可能的政策方法,也提出了对几个重点领域进行集成和改革。

关键词：能源效率能源消费工业能源消耗系统集成重工业区钢铁冶炼不均匀性投资决策购买量吕勒奥

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乡村旅游与小城镇发展

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旅游学刊 2011年第12期26卷 5-7页

作者： erik Holm-Petersen Grontmijl carl Bro咨询集团丹麦格洛斯楚普

在全世界，旅游业是发展最快的经济产业。本文探讨“乡村旅游”的本质及其对小城镇发展的作用。

关键词：小城镇发展乡村旅游城乡统筹旅游发展中国经济产业旅游业

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高血压合并微量白蛋白尿及非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病患者双重阻断肾素-血管紧张素系统的随机对照研究:candesartan和lisinopril对微量白蛋白尿的作用

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英国医学杂志中文版 2001年第4期4卷 190-195页

作者： carl erik Mogensen Steen Neldam Ilkka Tikkanen Shmuel Oren Reuven Viskoper Richard W Watts Mark E Cooper 钟建泳 Department of Medicine MKommune hospitaletUniversity Hospital Helsinki University Hospital Clinic of Internal Diseases Barzilai Medical Centre Department of Medicine University of Melbourne(RepatriationCampus)

目的 :对存在微量白蛋白尿、高血压的 2型糖尿病患者 ,评估和比较candesartan、lisinopril或两者合用后 ,对血压、尿白蛋白排泄的影响。设计 :前瞻性、随机、平行组、双盲研究。先使用 4周的安慰剂 ,再以candesartan或lisinopril单独治... 详细信息

目的 :对存在微量白蛋白尿、高血压的 2型糖尿病患者 ,评估和比较candesartan、lisinopril或两者合用后 ,对血压、尿白蛋白排泄的影响。设计 :前瞻性、随机、平行组、双盲研究。先使用 4周的安慰剂 ,再以candesartan或lisinopril单独治疗 12周 ,随后再单独或两者合用治疗 12周。参与单位 :有 4个国家的三级医院和基本医疗中心参与了此项研究 (共 37个中心 )。研究对象 :共 199例患者 ,年龄 30～ 75岁。干预方法 :candesartan每日 1次 ,16mg ;lisinopril每日 1次 ,2 0mg。主要结局的测量指标 :血压和尿白蛋白肌酐比。结果 :第 12周时 ,candesartan组和lisinopril组舒张压降低的平均值 (95 %可信区间 )分别为 9 5mmHg(7 7mmHg～ 11 2mmHg ,P <0 0 0 1)及 9 7mmHg(7 9mmHg～ 11 5mmHg ,P <0 0 0 1) ,尿白蛋白肌酐比的降低值分别为 30 % (15 %～ 4 2 % ,P<0 0 0 1)及 4 6 % (35 %～ 5 6 % ,P <0 0 0 1)。第 2 4周时 ,联合用药组舒张压降低的平均值 (16 3mmHg,13 6mmHg～ 18 9mmHg,P <0 0 0 1)明显高于candesartan组 (10 4mmHg,7 7mmHg～ 13 1mmHg,P <0 0 0 1)或lisinopril组 (10 7mmHg,8 0mmHg～ 13 5mmHg ,P <0 0 0 1)。尿白蛋白肌酐比降低的平均值 (5 0 % ,36 %～ 6 1% ,P <0 0 0 1)

关键词：高血压 2型糖尿病微量白蛋白尿肾素-血管紧张素系统药物不良反应

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瑞典轧钢厂节能潜力的模型分析

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世界钢铁 2014年第4期14卷 67-72页

作者： Chuan Wang Andreas Johnsson Jan-Olov Wikstrm Bjrn Asp Jan Dahl carl-erik Grip Jonas Engdahl Tomas Hirsch 瑞典国家冶金研究院瑞典吕勒奥理工大学

一种过程集成方法被广泛应用于瑞典钢铁的博伦厄公司(SSAB Borlnge),以研究其在节能方面的潜力。同时,开发出一个名为ReMIND的基于混合整数线性规划法(MILP)和图形界面公式编辑器的最优模型。这个模型是基于对主要生产单元、原料、燃... 详细信息

一种过程集成方法被广泛应用于瑞典钢铁的博伦厄公司(SSAB Borlnge),以研究其在节能方面的潜力。同时,开发出一个名为ReMIND的基于混合整数线性规划法(MILP)和图形界面公式编辑器的最优模型。这个模型是基于对主要生产单元、原料、燃料以及辅助系统如蒸汽和热水网进行质量与能量平衡而得出的,且采用实际生产数据进行了验证。模拟的主要流程包括两台加热炉、热轧机、酸洗线、冷轧机、退火(连续退火作业线和钟式炉)、金属镀层生产线以及一条涂装生产线。工厂中主要的能耗来自于两台加热炉,其燃料消耗量占总量的80%。关于回收两台加热炉废气显热来产生电能的预研究已经完成,结果表明,虽然采用现有技术(有机朗肯循环工艺)是可行的,但还需要进行深层次分析。因此,将上述方法和其他方法一起编入模型中,以降低能源消耗以及氮氧化物和二氧化碳排放,例如采用以液化石油气为燃料的加热炉新型燃烧器、改变燃油类型以及在以石油为燃料的加热炉中安装氧喷枪。目前已得出不同情况下节能潜力、减排和经济可行性的模拟结果,同时对模型得到的最佳可行方案进行了深入讨论。

关键词：过程集成最优化节能废热利用有机朗肯循环(ORC)

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Systematics of the avian family Alaudidae using multilocus and genomic data

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 137-152页

作者： Per Alstrom Zeinolabedin Mohammadi erik D.Enbody Martin Irestedt Derek Engelbrecht Pierre-Andre Crochet Alban Guillaumet Loïs Rancilhac B.Irene Tieleman Urban Olsson Paul F.Donald Martin Stervander Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and GeneticsEvolutionary Biology CentreUppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18DSE-75236UppsalaSweden Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Department of Biology Faculty of SciencesGolestan UniversityGorganGolestanIran Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Uppsala University75123UppsalaSweden Department of Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaSanta Cruz95060Santa CruzCAUSA Department of Bioinformatics and Genetics Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryP.O.Box 50007SE-10405StockholmSweden Department of Biodiversity University of LimpopoPrivate Bag X1106Sovenga0727South Africa CEFE CNRSUniv MontpellierEPHEIRDMontpellierFrance Department of Biological&Environmental Sciences Troy UniversityTroyAL36082USA Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of GroningenNijenborgh 79747 AGGroningenthe Netherlands Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of GothenburgP.O.Box 463SE-40530GothenburgSweden Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre P.O.Box 461SE-40530GothenburgSweden BirdLife International The David Attenborough BuildingPembroke StCambridgeCB23QZUK Department of Zoology University of CambridgeDowning StreetCambridgeCB23EJUK Bird Group Natural History MuseumAkeman StreetTringHertfordshireHP236APUnited Kingdom

The family Alaudidae,larks,comprises 93-100 species(depending on taxonomy)that are widely distributed across Africa and Eurasia,with single species extending their ranges to North and northernmost South America and Australia.A decade-old molecular phylogeny,comprising~80%of the species,revealed multiple cases of parallel evolution and large variation in rates of morphological evolution,which had misled taxonomists into creating many non-monophyletic ***,we reconstruct the phylogeny of the larks,using a dataset covering one mitochondrial and 16 nuclear loci and comprising all except one of the currently recognised species as well as several recently proposed new species(in total 133 taxa;not all loci available for all species).We provide additional support using genome-wide markers to infer a genus-level phylogeny based on near-complete generic sampling(in total 51 samples of 44 taxa across 40 species).Our results confirm the previous findings of rampant morphological convergence and divergence,and reveal new cases of paraphyletic *** propose a new subfamily classification,and also that the genus Mirafra is divided into four genera to produce a more balanced generic classification of the *** study supports recently proposed species splits as well as some recent lumps,while also questioning some of the *** comprehensive phylogeny will form an important basis for future studies,such as comparative studies of lark natural history,ecology,evolution and conservation.

关键词： Phylogeny Phylogenomics Multispecies coalescent Lark Paraphyly Taxonomy Subfamily description

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主动脉缩窄切除后的高血压

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天津医药 1964年第2期 112-112页

作者： carl J.lngomar erik Terslev 陈玉崑

主动脉缩窄切除后,有时血压反而上升,超过术前水平,Lepere 氏(1957)名之为“反应性高血压”,可能引致严重的合并症,Lepere 氏有2例因发生蜘蛛膜下腔出血和动脉瘤破裂而死亡。本文报告33例(2月—13岁)主动脉缩窄术后病例,其中5例发生反... 详细信息

主动脉缩窄切除后,有时血压反而上升,超过术前水平,Lepere 氏(1957)名之为“反应性高血压”,可能引致严重的合并症,Lepere 氏有2例因发生蜘蛛膜下腔出血和动脉瘤破裂而死亡。本文报告33例(2月—13岁)主动脉缩窄术后病例,其中5例发生反应性高血压。反应性高血压之病因不明,可能由于(1)主动脉缩窄手术后肾上腺素的分泌较其他手术者为多。(2)肾脏局部缺血。本文5例反应性高血压患者,均在六岁

关键词：高血压反应性降压治疗主动脉阻断

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