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瑞典人群银屑病HLA-Cw病0602基因较染色体6p21.3上的PSORS1C3基因变异更具有相关性

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第6期1卷 37-37页

作者： Holm S.j. S' en L.M. 崔荣 MolecanchezF./carl' ular Dermatology L8:02 Karolinska University HospitalSE-171 76 StockholmSweden

The PSORS1 locus in the major histocompatibility complex region on chromosome 6p21.3 contains a major predisposing factor for psoriasis for which several candidate genes have been tested. The analyses are complicated by strong linkage disequilibrium in the region and the complex genetic background of psoriasis. In the search for an alternative to HLA-C we have identified a novel gene, PSORS1C3, and characterized it with regard to psoriasis. PSORSC3 is located approximately 7 kb centromeric to POU5F1. A putative protein of 58 amino acids was predicted and expression was detected in both normal and psoriasis skin. Sequencing of the coding region revealed a total of 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms. When comparing the frequencies of PSORS1C3 variants in a case- control material in the Swedish population,three single nucleotide polymorphisms displayed significant association with psoriasis. This association appeared to be HLA-Cw.0602- dependent due to linkage disequilibrium, thus HLA- C remains the strongest associating factor in the region.

关键词：银屑病 HLA-Cw PSORS1C3 基因选择变异基因多态现象相关因子均衡分析单核苷酸候选基因

Leflunomide可作为治疗严重异位性皮炎的新选择

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第1期1卷 8-8页

作者： Schmitt j. Wozel G. Pfeiffer C 张宪旗 Department of Dermatology Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus Technical University Dresden Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden Germany Dr.

Background: Based on the increasing knowledge of T cellmediated pathogenesis in atopic dermatitis (AD). systemic immunosuppressive drugs are increasingly applied. The chronic, relapsing course of severeADnecessitates a drug, both efficacious and safe in long term application. Leflunomide is a pyrimidine de novo synthesis inhibiting immunosuppressant exhibiting an extremely long in vivo half life of its active metabolite. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of leflunomide in long term treatment of AD. Methods: As a proof of principle, we treated two patients with severe AD, recalcitrant to different systemic treatment modalities, for 20 months with leflunomide (loading dose 100 mg daily during 3 days; maintenance dose 20 mg daily). At regular visits physical examination, eczema area and severity index (EASI), visual analogue scale (VAS) for itching, and laboratory findings were assessed with according adjustment of the leflunomide dose. Results: At the initiation of leflunomide therapy, both patients presented with almost erythrodermic AD (patient 1, EASI 40.0, VAS 10; patient 2, EASI 43.0, VAS 8). Partial remission was observed within 4 and 7 weeks, respectively, and maintained over 20 months (patient 1, median EASI 4.2, median VAS 2; patient 2, median EASI 8.4, median VAS 2) except for one episode of exacerbation in each case. In one patient, remissionwas stable even after cessation of drug dosing. Severe adverse eventswere ot observed. Conclusions: Leflunomide was efficient in the long term treatment of recalcitrant AD. Controlled studies will be necessary to evaluate the subset of severe AD patients benefitingmost from this drug.

关键词：异位性皮炎 Leflunomide 皮损消退免疫抑制剂细胞介导活性代谢产物红皮病体格检查药对不良反应

压力支持通气和双相气道正压通气通过肺血流重新分布从而提高氧合

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麻醉与镇痛 2012年第1期8卷 67-77页

作者： Alysson R. Carvalho, PhD Peter M. Spieth, MD Paolo Pelosi, MD, PhD Alessandro Beda, PhD Agnaldo j. Lopes, MD, DSc Boriana Neykova, MD Axel R. Heller, MD, PhD Thea Koch, MD, PhD Marcelo Gama de Abreu, MD, MSc, PhD, DEAA 王琦（翻译） Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus Dresden Germany University Augusto Motta Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Ambient Health and Safety University of Insubria Varese Italy Institute of Radiology University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus Technical University Dresden Dresden Germany

背景机械通气时保留自主呼吸（spontaneousbreathing，SB）可改善气体交换，主要是因为这种通气方式可使萎陷的肺复张。在保留SB的机械通气中，常选择压力支持通气（pressuresupportventilation，PSV）和双相气道正压通气（biphasicposi... 详细信息

背景机械通气时保留自主呼吸（spontaneousbreathing，SB）可改善气体交换，主要是因为这种通气方式可使萎陷的肺复张。在保留SB的机械通气中，常选择压力支持通气（pressuresupportventilation，PSV）和双相气道正压通气（biphasicpositiveairwaypressure，BIPAP）。但医师对这些辅助性机械通气方式改善肺功能的机制却不甚了解。我们评价了采用PSV和BIPAP改善氧合的机制。方法5头猪（25-29．3kg）于仰卧位行机械通气，并通过清除肺表面活性物质诱发其发生急性肺损伤（acutelung砸jury，Au）。状态稳定后，给予BIPAP通气，初期较低持续气道正压设置为5cmH2O，随后逐渐增加持续气道正压至维持潮气量在6-8ml／kg。减浅麻醉深度，当SB≥每分通气量的20％时，随机进行1小时的PSV或BIPAP＋SB通气。于呼气末行全胸螺旋式计算机体层扫描，并记录肺功能参数。静脉给予荧光微球体来记录肺血流（pulmonarybloodflow，PBF），并利用空间聚类分析来评估每种通气方式对PBF重新分布的影响。结果Au损伤肺功能并加大了下肺萎陷或不张组织的面积（P〈0．05）。和对照组比较，PSV和BIPAP＋SB的通气模式提高了氧合并减少了静脉血掺杂（P〈0．05）。尽管如此，我们观察到自主呼吸时下肺的不张肺组织或通气不良组织明显增加，而可正常通气的肺组织减少。观察到6例中有5例行PSV或sB＋BIPAP通气时PBF由下至上重新分布，肺通气也较好。结论在ALI模型中采用PSV或BIPAP＋SB行机械通气可改善氧合，减少静脉血掺杂的原因为PBF由下至上的重新分布，而不是因为下肺复张。

关键词：双相气道正压通气压力支持通气肺血流氧合 BIPAP通气保留自主呼吸持续气道正压肺功能参数

Ventilation practices in burn patients—an international prospective observational cohort study

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Burns & Trauma 2021年第1期9卷 47-57页

作者： Gerie j.Glas janneke Horn Markus W.Hollmann Benedikt Preckel Kirsten Colpaert Manu Malbrain Ary Serpa Neto Karim Asehnoune Marcello Gamma de Abreu Ignacio Martin-Loeches Paolo Pelosi Folke Sjoerg jan M.Binnekade Berry Cleffken Nicole P.juffermans Paul Knape Bert G.Loef David P.Mackie Perenlei Enkhbaatar Nadia Depetris Anders Perner Eva Herrero Lucia Cachafeiro Marc jeschke jeffrey Lipman Matthieu Legrand johannes Horter Athina Lavrentieva Alex Kazemi Anne Berit Guttormsen Frederik Huss Mark Kol Helen Wong Therese Starr Luc De Crop Wilson de Oliveira Filho joa Manoel Silva junior Cintia M.C.Grion Marjorie Burnett Frederik Mondrup Francois Ravat Mathieu Fontaine Renan Le Floch Mathieu jeanne Morgane Bacus Maite Chaussard Marcus Lehnhardt Bassem Daniel Mikhail jochen Gille Aidan Sharkey Nicole Trommel Auke C.Reidinga Nadine Vieleers Anna Tilsley Henning Onarheim Maria Teresa Bouza Alexander Agrifoglio Filip Fredén Tina Palmieri Lynda E.Painting Marcus j.Schultz LAMiNAR investigators Academic Medical Center University of AmsterdamAmsterdamAZ 1105The Netherlands Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Therapy Medical University of Lublin Aleje Racklawickie 1–20-059 Lublin–Poland AZ jAN PALFIjN GENT Watersportlaan 5–9000 Gent–Belgium ABC Medical School SaPauloBangúSP 5001Brazil Service d’Anesthésie Réanimation Chirurgicale Nantes 44093France University Hospital carl Gustav Carus Dresden 01307Germany St james University Hospital Dublin D08 NHY1Ireland University of Genoa GenoaGE 16128Italy Linkoing University Hospital Linkoing 58185Sweden Maasstad Hospital RotterdamDZ 3079The Netherlands Red Cross Hospital BeverwijkLE 1942The Netherlands Martini Hospital GroningenNT 9728The Netherlands University of Texas Medical Branch GalvestonTX 77555USA Turin CTO Burn Center TurinTO 10126Italy Rigshospitalet Copenhagen 2100Denmark La Paz University Hospital Madrid 28046Spain Ross Tilley Burn Centre Sunnybrook Health Sciences CentreToronto M4N 3M5Canada Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Queensland UniversityHerstonQLD 4029Australia Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre.Monash University MelbourneVIC 3004Australia GH St-Louis-Lariboisière APHPParis 75010France BG Klinik Ludwigshafen Ludwigshafen 67071Germany Papanikoalou Hospital Thessaloniki 54621Greece Middlemore Hospital OtahuhuAuckland 2025New Zealand Haukeland University Hospital Bergen 5021Norway Uppsala University Hospital Uppsala 75185Sweden Concord Repatriation General Hospital NSW University of SydneyConcord 2139Australia Ziekenhuis Netwerk Antwerpen-Stuivenberg Antwerpen 2060Belgium Universidade de Sao Paulo Sao Paulo 01246-903Brazil Universidade Estadual de Londrina Londrina 86057-970Brazil Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre Toronto M4N 3M5Canada CHU Lyon St Luc Lyon 69007France CHU Nantes Service dánesthesie reanimation chirugicale Nantes 44093France Hopital Roger Salengro CHRU LilleLille 59037France Saint-Louis Hospital Paris 75010France BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil Bo

Background:It is unknown whether lung-protective ventilation is applied in burn patients and whether they benefit from *** study aimed to determine ventilation practices in burn intensive care units(ICUs)and investigate the association between lung-protective ventilation and the number of ventilator-free days and alive at day 28(VFD-28).Methods:This is an international prospective observational cohort study including adult burn patients requiring mechanical *** tidal volume(V_(T))was defined as V_(T)≤8 mL/kg predicted body weight(PBW).Levels of positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP)and maximum airway pressures were *** association between V_(T) and VFD-28 was analyzed using a competing risk *** settings were presented for all patients,focusing on the first day of *** also compared ventilation settings between patients with and without inhalation ***:A total of 160 patients from 28 ICUs in 16 countries were *** V_(T) was used in 74%of patients,median V_(T) size was 7.3[interquartile range(IQR)6.2–8.3]mL/kg PBW and did not differ between patients with and without inhalation trauma(p=0.58).Median VFD-28 was 17(IQR 0–26),without a difference between ventilation with low or high V_(T)(p=0.98).All patients were ventilated with PEEP levels≥5 cmH_(2)O;80%of patients had maximum airway pressuresjority of burn patients,irrespective of the presence of inhalation *** of low V_(T) was not associated with a reduction in *** registration:*** *** of registration:9 December 2014.

关键词： Mechanical ventilation Inhalation trauma Lung-protective Critical care

对慢性丙型肝炎无应答患者每日用组合干扰素加利巴韦林治疗:一项随机、开放标记的先导研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第5期2卷 52-52页

作者： Cornberg M. Hadem j. Herrmann E. M.P. Manns 刘丽娜 Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Endocrinology Medizinische Hochschule Hannover Carl- Neuberg-Str. 1 D-30625 Hannover Germany

Background/Aims: Therapeutic options for hepatitis C nonresponder patients are limited. Methods: We initiated an open-label pilot study to investigate the efficacy of CIFN plus ribavirin on viral kinetics, sustained virological response (SVR), and histological response in hepatitis C non-responder patients. Seventy-seven patients were enrolled to receive CIFN given daily in combination with 1000/1200 mg ribavirin. An 8 week induction-dosing regimen of 18 μ g CIFN, followed by 9 μ g for 40 weeks was compared to 9 μ g CIFN for 48 weeks. 90% of patients were infected with HCV-genotype 1. Results: Overall, 82% of the patients demonstrated an early virological response, 65% had an end-of-treatment response, and the SVR was 30% . Interferon/ribavirin non-responders demonstrated a SVR of 22% . Induction-dosing resulted in a greater first-phase HCV-RNA decay that, however, did not translate to better SVRs, presumably due to more dose modifications. High ALT, younger age, and second-phase viral kinetics were associated with SVR. Only sustained responders and relapse patients showed an improved liver histology. Conclusions: Daily dosing of CIFN plus ribavirin may be a promising concept for selected non-responder patients before considering therapies which are anti-viral but not curative. However,motivation and compliance are requisites and a CIFN induction is not required.

关键词：慢性丙型肝炎组合干扰素利巴韦林无应答患者治疗持续病毒学应答病毒动力学随机丙型肝炎病毒

T1-mapping评价小鼠缺血性急性肾损伤及慢性肾病的预测

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国际医学放射学杂志 2014年第6期 599-599页

作者： K.Hueper M.Peperhove S.Rong j.Gerstenberg M.Mengel M.Meier 石彦姝 Department of Radiology Hannover Medical SchoolCarl-Neuberg-Str.130625 HannoverGermany

摘要目的探索T1-mapping是否可以用于评估小鼠急性肾损伤(AKI)以及预测慢性肾病(CKD)。方法夹住小鼠右肾蒂35 min诱发C57B1/6N小鼠中度急性肾损伤(n=26),夹

关键词：肾损伤重度慢性肾病 T1-mapping 小家鼠小鼠

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开放教育:一个有待进一步研究的领域

中国远程教育 2021年第2期 46-58,77页

作者： [德]奥拉夫·扎瓦克奇-里克特 [加]黛安·康拉德阿拉斯·博兹库尔特坚吉兹·哈坎·艾登斯韦尼亚·贝登利耶郑仁星约阿希姆·斯图特乔治·韦利特西亚诺斯丽莎·玛丽·布拉斯科梅丽莎·邦德安德里亚·布朗斯艾丽莎·布鲁恩卡莱娜·多尔西马可·卡尔兹迈克尔·克雷斯亚萨尔·孔达奇维多利亚·马林克斯汀·梅伯格沃尔夫冈·穆斯肯斯索姆·奈杜阿德南·卡尤姆詹妮弗·罗伯茨艾伯特·桑格拉弗兰克·森约·洛各洛帕特丽夏·j.斯莱格·范·特伦肖俊洪(译) 德国奥尔登堡大学开放教育研究中心COER团队德国奥尔登堡卡尔·冯·奥西茨基大学土耳其阿纳多卢大学德国埃尔朗根-纽伦堡弗里德里希·亚历山大大学日本国际基督教大学加拿大皇家大学欧洲远程E-Learning网络协会英国伦敦大学学院德国海德堡教育大学杜伊斯堡-埃森大学中东技术大学德国汉堡大学斐济南太平洋大学美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学南非大学西班牙加泰罗尼亚奥贝塔大学美国东卡罗来纳州立大学中国汕头开放大学不详

本文阐述高等教育背景下开放教育的内容。文章首先介绍开放教育的起源及其理论基础,随后根据远程开放学习研究的宏观、中观和微观层次框架讨论远程开放学习、开放教育实践、开放学术、开放教育资源、慕课、先前学习认定、学习者特征和... 详细信息

本文阐述高等教育背景下开放教育的内容。文章首先介绍开放教育的起源及其理论基础,随后根据远程开放学习研究的宏观、中观和微观层次框架讨论远程开放学习、开放教育实践、开放学术、开放教育资源、慕课、先前学习认定、学习者特征和开放教育国际化等主题的内容。最后从宏观、中观和微观层面提出今后的研究方向。

关键词：开放教育开放学习远程教育灵活学习在线学习开放教育资源国际化