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基于有源像元敏感器(APS)的星跟踪器

控制工程（北京） 2003年第1期 46-53页

作者： carl Christian Liebe Edwin W.dennison 郑克隆

大多数三轴稳定卫星采用基于电荷耦合器件CCd的星跟踪器提供可靠的姿态测量数据。在观测几颗恒星位置的基础上计算出卫星姿态角而这些恒星可在CCd摄取的天空图像上定位与识别。一种新的光敏成像阵列--有源像元敏感器(APS)已经作为CCd器... 详细信息

大多数三轴稳定卫星采用基于电荷耦合器件CCd的星跟踪器提供可靠的姿态测量数据。在观测几颗恒星位置的基础上计算出卫星姿态角而这些恒星可在CCd摄取的天空图像上定位与识别。一种新的光敏成像阵列--有源像元敏感器(APS)已经作为CCd器件很有潜力的替代品而崭露头角。APS芯片利用现有的CMOS(互补型金氧半导体晶体管)生产设备制造,其工艺较之CCd工艺有许多优点,这些优点包括:功耗低,动态范围宽,光晕阈值高,可对单个像元进行读出操作,可用3.3V或5V单电源供电,能在芯片上集成定时、控制、取窗、模数转换(A/d)以及求矩心操作等功能。但是由于像元的光敏特性不均匀,APS是否适合做星跟踪器的成像器件使用还不得而知。本文介绍在星跟踪器上使用256×256像素APS芯片的测试结果。在实验室条件下已经利用光子传递曲线确定一个系统的读出噪声为7个电子(对光电门电路类型),而一个APS像元在满势阱状态大约有450,000个电子。对一颗0等星,采用天文观测方法测得APS的灵敏度为13,600e^-/(s·mm^2)。APS的矩心确定精度大约为1/10像元,动态范围优于9个星等。这些测量结果使我们得到结论:对于CCd星跟踪器来说,APS是一个很有潜力的替代者。

关键词：有源像元敏感器星跟踪器电荷耦合器件 CCd 卫星姿态

Last line therapy with sorafenib in colorectal cancer: A retrospective analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第23期22卷 5400-5405页

作者： Ksenia Martchenko Irene Schmidtmann Thomas Thomaidis Verena Thole Peter R Galle Marc Becker Markus Mohler Thomas C Wehler carl C Schimanski department of Internal Medicine Marienhospital 64285 Darmstadt Germany Institute of Medical Biostatistics Epidemiology and Informatics Johannes Gutenberg University Hospital of Mainz 55131 Mainz Germany First department of Internal Medicine Johannes Gutenberg University Hospital of Mainz 55131 Mainz Germany department of Internal Medicine Katholische Kliniken Mainz 55131 Mainz Germany Institute of Pathology Saarland University Medical Center 66421 Homburg Germany Third department of Internal Medicine Johannes Gutenberg University Hospital of Mainz 55131 Mainz Germany

AIM: To analyze the efficacy of last line sorafenib treatment in colorectal cancer patients. METHOdS: All patients receiving chemotherapy for colorectal cancer in the outpatient clinic of the University of Mainz since 2006 were retrospectively analyzed for last line sorafenib exposure. Charts of identified patients were analyzed for clinic-pathological parameters, like data on gender, age, date of initial diagnosis, UICC stage, number and kind of the pretherapies, therapy start and end of sorafenib, sorafenib mediated treatment cessation, side effects, response rates, time to progression and overall survival. RESULTS: Ten patients with a median of 3.0 prior chemotherapy lines had received a last line sorafenib therapy either alone(10%) or in combination with 5-fluorouracil derivates(90%). All patients suffered from colorectal cancer stage UICC 4 and were routinely seen in 2-wk intervals in the oncology outpatient clinic. Median duration of treatment was 142.0 d. At 8 wk 80% of patients showed stable disease but we did not observe any remissions. Median time to progression was 140.5 d(4.7 mo), while median overall survival reached 176.5 d. One patient ceased treatment due to side effects. Reason for treatment stop was bleeding complication in one case and non-specified sorafenib intolerance in another case. due to the retrospective approach we did not further quantify side ***: This retrospective analysis encourages further investigation of sorafenib in colorectal cancer last line therapy.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Sorafenib Regorafenib Chemotherapy Last line

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武汉市青少年吸烟影响因素的路径分析

中国公共卫生 2006年第10期22卷 1171-1172页

作者：周敦金龚洁曾晶 Qian Guo 夏江 Ping Sun 柳春红 Chihping Chou carl Anderson Johnson 湖北省武汉市疾病预防控制中心 430022 美国南加尼福利亚大学医学院疾病预防和健康促进研究所

目的研究青少年吸烟的危险因素及其对吸烟的影响。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,从武汉市3个城区中抽取普通和职业高中的高一和高二学生共1 168人,1 077人完成了调查问卷。采用探索性因子分析和路径分析方法进行分析。结果过去30 d... 详细信息

目的研究青少年吸烟的危险因素及其对吸烟的影响。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,从武汉市3个城区中抽取普通和职业高中的高一和高二学生共1 168人,1 077人完成了调查问卷。采用探索性因子分析和路径分析方法进行分析。结果过去30 d的吸烟率为10.3%,其中男生为21.0%,女生为1.8%,30 d平均吸烟量为91.3支。结果显示,影响青少年吸烟量的直接因素有4个:饮酒、社会规范、初始吸烟年龄和吸烟朋友数,其他因素都是通过这几个因素间接影响青少年吸烟量。影响吸烟的前4位因素标准回归系数估计值为饮酒(0.354 3)、朋友吸烟(0.305 0)、性别(0.182 0)、多动(0.127 5)。结论今后干预措施应着重考虑预防青少年饮酒、减少吸烟朋友数以及改变青少年对吸烟社会规范的认识,重点人群为男生和具有多动特质的儿童。

关键词：青少年吸烟量路径分析

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3-d地震中相干噪声的压制方法

国外油气勘探 1999年第5期11卷 607-615页

作者： carl J.Regone 王锡文彭汉民陈君王同垂原油田地调处计算中心

在反射地震学中,强相干噪声通常使资料质量变得很差。这些噪声可分为三类:直达波、环境噪声、散射波。直达波至直接从炮点传播到接收点。由于它的波至时间只取决于炮检距和传播速度,因此在2-d和3-d地震中都可以采用叠加组合、偏移组合... 详细信息

在反射地震学中,强相干噪声通常使资料质量变得很差。这些噪声可分为三类:直达波、环境噪声、散射波。直达波至直接从炮点传播到接收点。由于它的波至时间只取决于炮检距和传播速度,因此在2-d和3-d地震中都可以采用叠加组合、偏移组合和各种相干滤波方法来有效地压制它。值得注意的是要成功地压制直达波噪声,要求我们使用恰当的空间采样。

关键词：三维地震勘探噪声地震勘探地震资料噪声压制

TROPICAL CYCLONE PREdICTION ON SUBSEASONAL TIME-SCALES

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2019年第3期8卷 150-165页

作者： Suzana J.Camargo Joanne Camp Russell L.Elsberry Paul A.Gregory Philip J.Klotzbach carl J.Schreck III Adam H.Sobel Michael J.Ventrice Frédéric Vitart Zhuo Wang Matthew C.Wheeler Munehiko Yamaguchi and Ruifen Zhan Lamont-doherty Earth Observatory Columbia UniversityPalisadesNYUSA Met Office ExeterUnited Kingdom department of Meteorology Naval Postgraduate SchoolMontereyCA and TraumaHealthand Hazards CenterUniversity of Colorado-Colorado SpringsColorado SpringsCOUSA Bureau of Meteorology MelbourneVictoriaAustralia department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites-North Carolina(CICS-NC) North Carolina State UniversityAshevilleNCUSA department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics and department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Weather Company/IBM AndoverMAUSA European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ReadingUnited Kingdom department of Atmospheric Sciences University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampagneILUSA Meteorological Research Institute Japan Meteorological AgencyTsukubaIbarikiJapan Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration ShanghaiChina

Here we discuss recent progress in understanding tropical cyclone(TC)subseasonal variability and its *** has been a concerted effort to understand the sources of predictability at subseasonal time-scales,and this effort has continued to make progress in recent *** the Madden-Julian Oscillation(MJO),other modes of variability affect TCs at these time-scales,in particular various equatorial ***,TC activity is also modulated by extratropical processes via Rossby wave *** has also been progress in the ability of models to simulate the MJO and its modulation of TC *** efforts have created multi-model ensemble datasets,which have made it possible to evaluate the forecast skill of the MJO and TCs on subseasonal time-scales in multiple forecasting *** there is positive skill in some cases,there is strong dependence on the ensemble system considered,the basin examined,and whether the storms have extratropical influences or ***,the definition of skill differs among *** centers are currently issuing subseasonal TC forecasts using various techniques(statistical,statistical-dynamical and dynamical).There is also a strong interest in the private sector for forecasts with 3-4 weeks lead time.

关键词： tropical cyclones subseasonal forecasts hurricanes MJO

Antagonism of Transcription Factor MYC2 by EdS1/PAd4 Complexes Bolsters Salicylic Acid defense in Arabidopsis Effector-Triggered Immunity

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Molecular Plant 2018年第8期11卷 1053-1066页

作者： Haitao Cui Jingde Qiu Yue Zhou deepak d. Bhandari Chunhui Zhao Jaqueline Bautor Jane E. Parker department of Plant-Microbe Interactions Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research Carl-von-Linne Weg 10 50829 Cologne Germany department of Plant developmental Biology Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research 50829 Cologne Germany Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops Plant Immunity Center Fujian Agriculture University Fuzhou 350002 China These authors contributed equaily to this article.

In plant immunity, pathogen-activated intracellular nucleotide binding/leucine rich repeat （NLR） receptors mobilize disease resistance pathways, but the downstream signaling mechanisms remain obscure. Enhanced disease susceptibility 1 （EdS1） controls transcriptional reprogramming in resistance triggered by Toll-lnterleukinl-Receptor domain （TIR）-family NLRs （TNLs）. Transcriptional induction of the salicylic acid （SA） hormone defense sector provides one crucial barrier against biotrophic pathogens. Here, we present genetic and molecular evidence that in Arabidopsis an EdS1 complex with its partner PAd4 inhibits MYC2, a master regulator of SA-antagonizing jasmonic acid （JA） hormone pathways. In the TNL immune response, EdSl/PAd4 interference with MYC2 boosts the SA defense sector independently of EdS1-induced SA synthesis, thereby effectively blocking actions of a potent bacterial JA mimic, coronatine （COR）. We show that antagonism of MYC2 occurs after COR has been sensed inside the nucleus but before or coincident with MYC2 binding to a target promoter, pANAC019. The stable interaction of PAd4 with MYC2 in planta is competed by EdS1-PAd4 complexes. However, suppression of MYC2-promoted genes requires EdS1 together with PAd4, pointing to an essential EdS1-PAd4 heterodimer activity in MYC2 inhibition. Taken together, these results uncover an immune receptor signaling circuit that intersects with hormone pathway crosstalk to reduce bacterial pathogen growth.

关键词： NLR receptor stress hormone network Pseudomonas syringae AvrRps4 RRS1/RPS4 coi1

Intraprosthetic fixation techniques in the treatment of periprosthetic fractures: A biomechanical study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2012年第10期3卷 162-166页

作者： Stephan Brand Johannes Klotz Thomas Hassel Maximilian Petri carl Haasper Friedrich-Wilhelm Bach Christian Krettek Thomas Goesling department of Trauma Medical School Hannover (MHH) D-30625 Hannover Germany department of Material Sciences Leibniz University Hannover D-30625 Hannover Germany

AIM: To develop new fixation techniques for the treatment of periprosthetic fractures using intraprosthetic screw fixation with inserted threaded liners. METHOdS: A Vancouver B1 periprosthetic fracture was simulated in femur prosthesis constructs using sawbones and cemented regular straight hip stems. Fixation was then performed with either unicortical locked-screw plating using the less invasive stabilization system-plate or with intraprosthetic screw fixation using inserted liners. Two experimental groups were formed using either prostheses made of titanium alloy or prostheses made of cobalt chrome alloy. Fixation stability was compared in an axial load-to-failure model. drilling was performed using a specially invented prosthesis drill with constantly applied internal ***: The intraprosthetic fixation model with titanium prostheses was superior to the unicortical lockedscrew fixation in all tested devices. The intraprosthetic fixation model required 10 456 N ± 1892 N for failure and the unicortical locked-screw plating required 7649 N ± 653 N(P difference between the second experimental group and the control ***: Intraprosthetic screw anchorage with special threaded liners enhances the primary stability in treating periprosthetic fractures by internal fixation.

关键词： Periprosthetic fracture Less invasive stabilization system Plate fixation Intraprosthetic screw fixation Material science Biomechanical testing Axial load-to-failure

Injury patterns of seniors in traffic accidents: A technical and medical analysis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2012年第9期3卷 151-155页

作者： Stephan Brand dietmar Otte Christian Walter Mueller Maximilian Petri Philipp Haas Timo Stuebig Christian Krettek carl Haasper Accident Research Unit Trauma Department Medical School Hannover (MHH) D-30625 Hannover Germany

AIM:To investigate the actual injury situation of seniors in traffic accidents and to evaluate the different injury ***:Injury data,environmental circumstances and crash circumstances of accidents were collected shortly after the accident event at the *** these data,a technical and medical analysis was performed,including Injury Severity Score,Abbreviated Injury Scale and Maximum Abbreviated Injury *** method of data collection is named the German Indepth Accident Study and can be seen as ***:A total of 4430 injured seniors in traffic accidents were *** incidence of sustaining severe injuries to extremities,head and maxillofacial region was significantly higher in the group of elderly people compared to a younger age(Pdent-related injuries was higher in the group of seniors compared to other ***:Seniors are more likely to be involved in traffic injuries and to sustain serious to severe injuries compared to other groups.

关键词： Traffic accidents Seniors Head injury Injury severity score Abbreviated injury scale

LAMOST Experiment for Galactic Understanding and Exploration (LEGUE)——The survey's science plan

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第7期12卷 735-754页

作者： Li-Cai deng Heidi Jo Newberg Chao Liu Jeffrey L. carlin Timothy C. Beers Li Chen Hsu-Tai Lee carl J. Grillmair Puragra Guhathakurta] Zhan-Wen Han Jin-Liang Hou Sebastien Lepine Jing Li Xiao-Wei Liu Kai-Ke Pan J. A. Sellwood Bo Wang Hong-Chi Wang Fan Yang Brian Yanny Hao-Tong Zhang Yue-Yang Zhang Zheng Zheng Zi Zhu Key Lab for Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China licai@*** department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute 1108th Street Troy NY 12180 USA National Optical Astronomy Observatory Tucson AZ 85719 USA Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200030 China Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica EO. Box 23-141 Taipei 106 China University of Heidelberg Landessternwarte K6nigstuhl 12 D-69117 Heidelberg Germany Spitzer Science Center 1200 E. California Blvd. Pasadena CA 91125 USA department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of California Santa Cruz 1156 HighStreet Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA Yunnan Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650011 China American Museum of Natural History Central Park West at 79th Street New York NY 10024USA School of Physics and Electronic Information China West Normal University Nanchong637000 China ' department of Astronomy & Kavli Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Apache Point Observatory PO Box 59 Sunspot NM 88349 USA department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers University 136 Frelinghuysen RoadPiscataway NJ 08854-8019 USA Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Batavia IL 60510 USA department of Physics and Astronomy University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Nanjing 210008 China

We describe the current plans for a spectroscopic survey of millions of stars in the Milky Way galaxy using the Guo Shou Jing Telescope （GSJT, formerly calledthe Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope -- LAMOST）. The survey will obtain spectra for 2.5 million stars brighter than r 〈 19 during dark/grey time, and 5 million stars brighter than r 〈 17 or J 〈 16 on nights that are moonlit or have low transparency. The survey will begin in the fall of 2012, and will run for at least four years. The telescope＇s design constrains the optimal declination range for observations to 10~ 〈 di 〈 50~, and site conditions lead to an emphasis on stars in the direction of the Galactic anticenter. The survey is divided into three parts with different target selection strategies： disk, anticenter, and spheroid. The resulting dataset will be used to study the merger history of the Milky Way, the substructure and evolution of the disks, the nature of the first generation of stars through identification of the lowest metallicity stars, and star formation through study of open clusters and OB associations. detailed design of the LAMOST Experiment for Galactic Understanding and Exploration （LEGUE） survey will be completed in summer 2012, after a review of the results of the pilot survey.

关键词： techniques: spectroscopic -Galaxy: structure - Galaxy: evolution -Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics -- Galaxy: disk -- Galaxy: halo -- spectroscopy