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Coupling textural and stable-isotope variations in fluvial stromatolites:Comparison of Pleistocene and recent records in NE Spain

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2019年第2期8卷 150-169页

作者： C.Arenas M.C.Osácar.l.Auqué C.Sancho Department of Earth Sciences University of Zaragoza Geotransfer Group and Institute for Research on Environmental Sciences of Aragón(IUCA)

Textural and stable isotopic features of two middle Pleistocene fluvial stromatolite profiles are compared to a recent stromatolite,both formed in the River Piedra system(NE Spain),to test the reliability of climatic,hydrologic and depositional information derived from ancient *** Pleistocene stromatolites formed in a multi-domed,highly-inclined *** recent stromatolite also formed in a highly-inclined cascade of the River Piedra,the sedimentary conditions of which were periodically examined between the years 2000 and *** Pleistocene stromatolites are formed of an alternation of 1) thin large-crystal laminae(type A),with elongated crystals up to 1 mm long,and 2) thick small-crystal laminae(type B),consisting of cyanobacterial fan-and bushshaped *** textural and isotopic comparison with the recent stromatolite shows that each A–B couplet corresponds to one *** type-A laminae are comparable to the macrocrystalline laminae that occur in the cool-period deposits of the recent stromatolite,and the type-B laminae are comparable to the warm-period deposits of the recent *** temperatures(Tw),calculated from δ^(18)O_(calcite) and present measures of δ^(18)O_(water),were similar in the Pleistocene and recent specimens,and close to the measured river ***,the Pleistocene stromatolites formed not far from isotopic equilibrium,as did the recent *** Pleistocene δ^(18) O_(calcite) biannual oscillation is wider in amplitude than in the recent stromatolite,which suggests larger differences in Tw through the year in the Pleistocene than at *** Pleistocene δ^(13)C_(calcite) does not show any pattern;and the values are slightly higher than the recent *** co-evolution of δ^(18)O and δ^(13)C is parallel in the Pleistocene stromatolites,matching the recent stromatolite *** results and their comparison with other ancient examples prove that textural and isotopic features in ancient stromatolites

关键词： Tufa Recent and ancient stromatolites Stable isotopes Biotic and abiotic laminae Intra-annual and inter-annual water temperature variations

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Proton probing of laser-driven EM pulses travelling inhelical coils

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High Power laser Science and Engineering 2017年第1期5卷 20-24页

作者： H.Ahmed S.kar.A.l.Giesecke D.Doria G.Nersisyan O.Willi C.l.S.lewis M.Borghesi Centre for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen's University of BelfastBT7 INNUK Institut fiir laser-und Plasmaphysik Heinrich-Heine-UniversitatDiisseldorfGermany

The ultrafast charge dynamics following the interaction of an ultra-intense laser pulse with a foil target leads to the launch of an ultra-short, intense electromagnetic(EM) pulse along a wire connected to the target. Due to the strong electric field(of the order of GV m^(-1)) associated to such laser-driven EM pulses, these can be exploited in a travelling-wave helical geometry for controlling and optimizing the parameters of laser accelerated proton beams. The propagation of the EM pulse along a helical path was studied by employing a proton probing technique. The pulse-carrying coil was probed along two orthogonal directions, transverse and parallel to the coil axis. The temporal profile of the pulse obtained from the transverse probing of the coil is in agreement with the previous measurements obtained in a planar geometry. The data obtained from the longitudinal probing of the coil shows a clear evidence of an energy dependent reduction of the proton beam divergence, which underpins the mechanism behind selective guiding of laser-driven ions by the helical coil targets.

关键词： acceleration EM pulse ion laser proton proton probing

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AAV8 transduction capacity is reduced by prior exposure to endosome-like pH conditions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第5期16卷 851-855页

作者： Jeffrey Alowell kar.Men Mah John lBixby Vance Plemmon Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Department of Neurological Surgery University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Adeno-associated virus(AAV)is an essential instrument in the neuroscientist’s toolkit,which allows delivery of DNA to provide labeling with fluorescent proteins or genetic instructions to regulate gene *** the field of neural regeneration,the transduction of neurons enables the observation and regulation of axon growth and regeneration,and in the future will likely be a mechanism for delivering molecular therapies to promote sprouting and regeneration after central nervous system *** formulations of AAV preparations permit efficient viral transduction under physiologic conditions,but an improved understanding of the mechanistic limitations of AAV transduction may facilitate production of more resilient AAV strains for investigative and therapeutic *** studied AAV transduction in the context of prior exposure of AAV serotype 8(AAV8)to environmental pH within the range encountered during endosomal endocytosis(pH 7.4 to pH 4.4),during which low pH-triggered structural and autoproteolytic changes to the viral capsid are believed to be necessary for endosome escape and virus *** to the fundamental nature of these processes,we hypothesized that premature exposure of AAV8 particles to acidic pH would decrease viral transduction of HT1080 cells in vitro,as measured by fluorescent reporter gene expression using high-content imaging *** found that increasingly acidic incubation conditions were associated with concomitant reductions in transduction efficiency,and that quantitative levels of reporter gene expression in transduced cells were similarly *** biggest decrease in transduction occurred between pH 7.4 and pH 6.4,suggesting the possible co-occurrence of a pH-associated event and viral inactivation within that *** together,these findings indicate that exposure of AAV8 to acidic pH for as little as 1 hour is deleterious to transduction *** studies are necessary to understand the pH-associated

关键词： adeno-associated virus autolytic capsid low pH protease proteolytic temperature trafficking transduction viral inactivation

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Mental health promotion for elderly populations in World Health Organization South-East Asia Region:Needs and resource gaps

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第1期12卷 117-127页

作者： Nisha Mani Pandey Rakesh Kumar Tripathi Sujita Kumar kar.K l Vidya Nitika Singh Department of Geriatric Mental Health King George's Medical UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Psychiatry King George's Medical UniversityLucknow 226003Uttar PradeshIndia

The accelerated population growth of the elderly(individuals aged 60 years or more)across the globe has many indications,including changes in demography,health,the psycho-social milieu,and economic *** transition has given rise to varied challenges;significant changes have been observed in regard to developing strategies for health care systems across the *** World Health Organization(WHO)is also engaging in initiatives and mediating ***,advocacy is being conducted regarding a shift toward the salutogenic model from the pathogenic *** concept behind this move was to shift from disablement to enablement and from illness to wellness,with the notion of mental health promotion(MHP)being *** article attempts to discuss the MHP of elderly individuals,with special reference to the need to disseminate knowledge and awareness in the community by utilizing the resources of the health sector available in the WHO South-East Asia Region *** have tried to present the current knowledge gap by exploring the existing infrastructure,human resources,and financial *** is much to do to promote the mental health of the elderly,but inadequate facilities are *** on available resources,a roadmap for MHP in elderly individuals is discussed.

关键词： Mental health promotion Elderly Mental healthcare needs Resource gaps World health organization

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Development and validation of multicentre study on novel Artificial Intelligence-based cardiovascular Risk Score(AICVD)

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S01期12卷 20-33页

作者： Shiv Kumar Jalepalli Prashant Gupta Andre l A J Dekker Inigo Bermejo Sujoy kar Apollo Hospitals HyderabadTelanganaIndia Azure Microsoft Research IndiaBengaluruIndia Department of Radiation Oncology(Maastro) Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtNetherlands

Objective cardiovascular diseases(CVD)are one of the most prevalent diseases in India amounting for nearly 30%of total deaths.A dearth of research on CVD risk scores in Indian population,limited performance of conventional risk scores and inability to reproduce the initial accuracies in randomised clinical trials has led to this study on large-scale patient *** objective is to develop an Artificial Intelligence-based Risk Score(AICVD)to predict CVD event(eg,acute myocardial infarction/acute coronary syndrome)in the next 10 years and compare the model with the Framingham Heart Risk Score(FHRS)and *** Our study included 31599 participants aged 18–91 years from 2009 to 2018 in six Apollo Hospitals in India.A multistep risk factors selection process using Spearman correlation coefficient and propensity score matching yielded 21 risk factors.A deep learning hazards model was built on risk factors to predict event occurrence(classification)and time to event(hazards model)using multilayered neural ***,the model was validated with independent retrospective cohorts of participants from India and the Netherlands and compared with FHRS and *** The deep learning hazards model had a good performance(area under the curve(AUC)0.853).Validation and comparative results showed AUCs between 0.84 and 0.92 with better positive likelihood ratio(AICVD−6.16 to FHRS−2.24 and QRisk3−1.16)and accuracy(AICVD−80.15%to FHRS 59.71%and QRisk351.57%).In the Netherlands cohort,AICVD also outperformed the Framingham Heart Risk Model(AUC−0.737 vs 0.707).Conclusions This study concludes that the novel AI-based CVD Risk Score has a higher predictive performance for cardiac events than conventional risk scores in Indian population.

关键词： AICVD cardiovascular acute

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Bioactive polyphenolic compounds, water-soluble vitamins, in vitro anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and free radical scavenging properties of underutilized alternate crop Amaranthus spinosus l. from Gangetic plain of West Bengal

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Food Bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 799-813页

作者： Agnideepa kar.Soumen Bhattacharjee Plant Physiology&Biochemistry Research laboratory UGC Centre for Advanced StudyDepartment of BotanyThe University of BurdwanBurdwanWest BengalIndia UGC Centre for Advanced Study Department of BotanyThe University of BurdwanBurdwanWest BengalIndia

Studies associated with validation of folklore and ethnomedicinal claim of utilization of different plant parts of ‘ spiny amaranth’ (Amaranthus spinosus l.) against degenerative diseases with chemical data, particularly the bioactive polyphenolic compounds and associated anti-degenerative properties are scanty and is the purpose of the present investigations. RP-HPlC coupled photodiode assay was employed for the quantification of twenty-one health promoting bioactive polyphenolic antioxidants derived from phenylpropanoid pathway from different plant parts of Amaranthus spinosus l. for validating organoleptic traditional claims as well as current trends in practice of this underutilized medicinal herb. Further, important water-soluble vitamins [vitamin B1, B2, B3, B6, B9] present in different plant parts were extracted and estimated through RP-HPlC for validating the claim of their functional food properties. The antioxidant-based functional food property of different plant parts of Amaranthus spinosus were corroborated from the data of in vitro free radical scavenging, metal-chelating, reducing, superoxide radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging, anti-protein coagulation, anti-lipid peroxidation and antidiabetic properties. When compared, a positive correlation in accumulation of polyphenolic compounds and water-soluble vitamins tested with antioxidant attributes were noticed for different plant parts, strongly substantiating their phytonutrient properties. Taken as a whole, the present work provides data on organ-specific bioavailability of bioactive polyphenolic antioxidant compounds, water soluble B- vitamins and their functional attributes for validating traditional claims as well as existing trends in consumption of this underutilized medicinal vegetable as low-cost natural antioxidant supplement and functional food, which may encourage their effective exploration and utilization.

关键词： Spiny amaranth Bioactive polyphenolic compounds B-Vitamins Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties Ethnomedicinal use Functional food

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From Animal to Human: Interspecies Analysis Provides a Novel Way of Ascertaining and Fighting COVID-19

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The Innovation 2020年第2期1卷 47-48页

作者： Supratik kar.Jerzy leszczynski Interdisciplinary Center for Nanotoxicity Department of ChemistryPhysics and Atmospheric SciencesJackson State UniversityJacksonMS 39217USA

There is a strong risk of mutations in the genome sequence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)in ***,a possibility of zoonotic transfer of a much stronger form of the present virus from animal to human is also very feasible in the near ***,recent incidents of SARS-CoV-2 infection in animals need to be studied very carefully to protect against any future trans*** analysis from animal to human or vice versa is the tool of choice at the present time for understanding zoonotic transfer and improving/accelerated drug discovery for COVID-19.

关键词： acute respiratory Animal

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Surface-tailoring chlorine resistant materials and strategies for polyamide thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022年第5期16卷 564-591页

作者： Pei Sean Goh kar.Chun Wong Tuck Whye Wong Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre(AMTEC) School of Chemical and Energy EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 Johor BahruMalaysia

Polyamide thin film composite membranes have dominated current reverse osmosis market on account of their excellent separation performances compared to the integrally skinned *** their very promising separation performance,chlorine-induced degradation resulted from the susceptibility of polyamide toward chlorine attack has been regarded as the Achilles’s heel of polyamide thin film *** free chlorine species present during chlorine treatment can impair membrane performance through chlorination and depolymerization of the polyamide selective *** material point of view,a chemically stable membrane is crucial for the sustainable application of membrane separation process as it warrants a longer membrane lifespan and reduces the cost involved in membrane *** strategies,particularly those involved membrane material optimization and surface modifications,have been established to address this *** review discusses membrane degradation by free chlorine attack and its correlation with the surface chemistry of *** advancement in the development of chlorine resistant polyamide thin film composite membranes is reviewed based on the state-of-the-art surface modifications and tailoring approaches which include the in situ and postfabrication membrane modifications using a broad range of functional *** challenges and future directions in this field are also highlighted.

关键词： reverse osmosis polyamide thin film composite membranes chlorine resistance surface modification

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Management of critically ill patients with type 2 diabetes:The need for personalised therapy

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World Journal of Diabetes 2015年第5期6卷 693-706页

作者： Palash kar.kar.n l Jones Michael Horowitz Adam M Deane Discipline of Acute care Medicine Level 5Eleanor Harrald BuildingUniversity of Adelaide Intensive care Unit Level 4Emergency Services BuildingRoyal Adelaide Hospital Centre for Research Excellence University of Adelaide Discipline of Medicine Level 6Eleanor Harrald BuildingUniversity of Adelaide

Critical illness in patients with pre-existing diabetes frequently causes deterioration in glycaemic *** the prevalence of diabetes in patients admitted to hospital and intensive care units,the ideal management of hyperglycaemia in these groups is *** are data that suggest that acute hyperglycaemia in critically ill patients without diabetes is associated with increased mortality and *** insulin to keep blood glucose concentrations l/l is accepted as standard of care in this ***,preliminary data have recently been reported that suggest that chronic hyperglycaemia may result in conditioning,which protects these patients against damage mediated by acute ***,acute glucose-lowering to l/l in patients with diabetes with inadequate glycaemic control prior to their critical illness appears to have the capacity to cause *** review focuses on glycaemic control in critically ill patients with type 2 diabetes,the potential for harm from glucose-lowering and the rationale for personalised therapy.

关键词： Diabetes Critically ill Intensive care Management Personalised therapy

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Discovery of new MAX-phase-like layered ternary carbide V_(8)P_(6)C:Crystal structure,thermal expansion,and elastic properties

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第7期174卷 55-62页

作者： H.X.Chen l.Sheng Z.l.Zhang X.C.Wen D.l.Yang X.Y.Ye P.Q.Dai School of Materials Science and Engineering Fujian University of TechnologyFuzhou 350118China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100049China Fujian Provincial Key laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing and Application Fuzhou 350118China State Key laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou 350002China

Due to the laminated structure,MAX phases and MAX-phase-like compounds possess outstanding dam-age tolerance capability with good thermal/electrical conductivity and other charming functional prop-erties,showing a bright future for structural-functional ***,a new MAX-phase-like ternary car-bide V_(8)P_(6)C with layered characteristics was *** to the alternate stacking of hexagonal-arranged M/A/X atom layers in MAX phases,V_(8)P_(6)C has a layered structure formed by a repeated stacking of the slabs consisting of V_(6)C-octahedrons and VP 6-distorted-octahedrons in three-atomic layers *** thermal expansion anisotropy was revealed,with the thermal expansion coefficients(TECs)along a-axis,c-axis,and the average value,equal toα_(a)=8.55(5)μK^(−1),α_(c)=10.23(5)μK^(−1),andα_(l)=9.14(5)μK^(−1),*** dilation along the c-axis was mainly dominated by out-plane V-P bonds be-tween layered *** to the pressure-dependent lattice parameters,the polycrystalline bulk modulus(B_(0)=185(9)GPa)and high compressibility anisotropy factor(B_(a)/B_(c)=1.64)was ***-while,the second-order elastic constants were calculated,and the elastic moduli,E=303 GPa,B=198 GPa,G=122 GPa,andν=0.246,were *** the weak connection between layer slabs by out-plane V1-P bond was revealed by the bond stiffness model,with a bond stiffness close to the M-A bond in MAX ***,good damage tolerance capability was predicted according to Paugh’s ratio(G/B=0.616)and Cauchy pressure(P_(a)=0 GPa,P_(c)=-7.5 GPa),even better than those of typical MAX *** discovery of V_(8)P_(6)C provides a new member of MAX-phase-like damage-tolerant ceramic with relatively low density,moderate thermal expansion,and anisotropic compressibility,and the unique lay-ered structure is inspiring for exploring new layered ternary ceramics.

关键词： New ternary carbide MAX phase Thermal expansion Elastic constants Anisotropy

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