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Malicious Document Detection Based on GGE Visualization

Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1233-1254页

作者： Youhe Wang Yi sun yujie Li Chuanqi Zhou Henan Province Key Laboratory of Information Security Information Engineering UniversityZhengzhou450000China

With the development of anti-virus technology,malicious documents have gradually become the main pathway of Advanced Persistent Threat(APT)attacks,therefore,the development of effective malicious document classifiers has become particularly ***,detection methods based on document structure and behavioral features encounter challenges in feature engineering,these methods not only have limited accuracy,but also consume large resources,and usually can only detect documents in specific formats,which lacks versatility and *** address such problems,this paper proposes a novel malicious document detection method-visualizing documents as GGE images(Grayscale,Grayscale matrix,Entropy).The GGE method visualizes the original byte sequence of the malicious document as a grayscale image,the information entropy sequence of the document as an entropy image,and at the same time,the grayscale level co-occurrence matrix and the texture and spatial information stored in it are converted into grayscale matrix image,and fuses the three types of images to get the GGE color *** Convolutional Block Attention Module-EfficientNet-B0(CBAM-EfficientNet-B0)model is then used for classification,combining transfer learning and applying the pre-trained model on the ImageNet dataset to the feature extraction process of GGE *** shown in the experimental results,the GGE method has superior performance compared with other methods,which is suitable for detecting malicious documents in different formats,and achieves an accuracy of 99.44%and 97.39%on Portable Document Format(PDF)and office datasets,respectively,and consumes less time during the detection process,which can be effectively applied to the task of detecting malicious documents in real-time.

关键词： Malicious document visualization EfficientNet-B0 convolutional block attention module GGE image

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Revisiting Plateau-Rayleigh instability in inorganic synthetic chemistry

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Science China Materials 2025年

作者： yugang sun Department of Chemistry Temple University

Wetting-dewetting behavior is a universal phenomenon for fluids on solid surfaces,for instance,the liquid on spider silk and lotus leaves[1].Controlling the wetting-dewetting behavior of fluids in a predictable and generalizable manner is of broad interest in various applications,such as anti-corrosion,antifogging,medicine,oil-water separation,self-cleaning,and water harvesting[2].Specifically,in the one-dimensional （1D） system,it is usually known as the Plateau-Rayleigh （P-R） instability,which describes the volume-constant break-up of a continuous water cylinder into isolated droplets （Fig.1a）[3,4].

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Electrocatalytic nitrite reduction to ammonia on isolated bismuth alloyed ruthenium

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 369-376页

作者： Shiyao Shang Fuzhou Wang Zeyi sun Chaofan Qiang Ke Chu School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong University

Electrochemical reduction of NO2-to NH3（NO2-RR） is recognized as an appealing approach for achieving renewable NH3synthesis and waste ***,we report isolated Bi alloyed Ru （Bi1Ru） as an efficient NO2-RR *** calculations and in situ electrochemical measurements reveal the creation of Bi1-Ru dual sites which can remarkably promote NO2-activation and suppress proton adsorption,while accelerating the NO2-RR protonation energetics to render a high NO2--to-NH3conversion ***,Bi1Ru assembled in a flow cell delivers an NH3yield rate of 1901.4μmol h-1cm-2and an NH3-Faradaic efficiency of 94.3%at an industrial-level current density of 324.3 mA *** study offers new perspectives for designing and constructing p-block single-atom alloys as robust and high-current-density NO2-RR catalysts toward the ammonia electrosynthesis.

关键词： Ammonia

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RF Optimizer Model for Predicting Compressive Strength of Recycled Concrete

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 215-223页

作者： LIU Lin WANG Liuyan WANG Hui sun Huayue School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Shenyang UniversityShenyang 110000China

Traditional machine learning(ML)encounters the challenge of parameter adjustment when predicting the compressive strength of reclaimed *** address this issue,we introduce two optimized hybrid models:the Bayesian optimization model(B-RF)and the optimal model(Stacking model).These models are applied to a data set comprising 438 observations with five input variables,with the aim of predicting the compressive strength of reclaimed ***,we evaluate the performance of the optimized models in comparison to traditional machine learning models,such as support vector regression(SVR),decision tree(DT),and random forest(RF).The results reveal that the Stacking model exhibits superior predictive performance,with evaluation indices including R2=0.825,MAE=2.818 and MSE=14.265,surpassing the traditional ***,we also performed a characteristic importance analysis on the input variables,and we concluded that cement had the greatest influence on the compressive strength of reclaimed concrete,followed by ***,the Stacking model can be recommended as a compressive strength prediction tool to partially replace laboratory compressive strength testing,resulting in time and cost savings.

关键词： machine learning recycled concrete compressive strength

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Pan-TRK positive uterine sarcoma in immunohistochemistry without neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase gene fusions:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第2期13卷 39-49页

作者： Seungmee Lee yu-Ra Jeon Changmin Shin sun-Young Kwon Sojin Shin Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Keimyung University School of MedicineDaegu 42601South Korea Department of Pathology and Institute for Cancer Research Keimyung University School of MedicineDaegu 42601South Korea

BACKGROUND The classification of uterine sarcomas is based on distinctive morphological and immunophenotypic characteristics,increasingly supported by molecular genetic *** on neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase(NTRK)gene fusionpositive uterine sarcoma,potentially aggressive and morphologically similar to fibrosarcoma,are limited due to its recent ***-TRK immunohistochemistry(IHC)analysis serves as an effective screening tool with high sensitivity and specificity for NTRK-fusion *** SUMMARY We report a case of a malignant mesenchymal tumor originating from the uterine cervix,which was pan-TRK IHC-positive but lacked NTRK gene fusions,accompanied by a brief literature review.A 55-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and distension,exhibiting significant ascites and multiple solid pelvic *** examination revealed a tumor encompassing the uterine cervix,extending to the vagina and uterine corpus.A punch biopsy of the cervix indicated NTRK sarcoma with positive immunochemical pan-TRK ***,subsequent next generation sequencing revealed no NTRK gene fusion,leading to a diagnosis of poorly differentiated,advanced-stage *** The clinical significance of NTRK gene fusion lies in potential treatment with TRK inhibitors for positive *** such rare tumors is crucial due to the potential applicability of tropomyosin receptor kinase inhibitor treatment.

关键词： Uterine sarcoma Cervical sarcoma Neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase gene fusion Next generation sequencing Case report

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Inexact proximal gradient algorithm with random reshuffling for nonsmooth optimization

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 219-237页

作者： Xia JIANG Yanyan FANG Xianlin ZENG Jian sun Jie CHEN National Key Lab of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems School of AutomationBeijing Institute of Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center School of Electronic and Information Engineering Tongji University

Proximal gradient algorithms are popularly implemented to achieve convex optimization with nonsmooth regularization. Obtaining the exact solution of the proximal operator for nonsmooth regularization is challenging because errors exist in the computation of the gradient; consequently, the design and application of inexact proximal gradient algorithms have attracted considerable attention from researchers. This paper proposes computationally efficient basic and inexact proximal gradient descent algorithms with random reshuffling. The proposed stochastic algorithms take randomly reshuffled data to perform successive gradient descents and implement only one proximal operator after all data pass through. We prove the convergence results of the proposed proximal gradient algorithms under the sampling-without-replacement reshuffling *** computational errors exist in gradients and proximal operations, the proposed inexact proximal gradient algorithms can converge to an optimal solution neighborhood. Finally, we apply the proposed algorithms to compressed sensing and compare their efficiency with some popular algorithms.

关键词： proximal operator random reshuffling inexact computation compressed sensing nonsmooth optimization

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miRNA-21-5p is an important contributor to the promotion of injured peripheral nerve regeneration using hypoxia-pretreated bone marrow-derived neural crest cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 277-290页

作者： Meng Cong Jing-Jing Hu Yan yu Xiao-Li Li Xiao-Ting sun Li-Ting Wang Xia Wu Ling-Jie Zhu Xiao-Jia Yang Qian-Ru He Fei Ding Hai-Yan Shi School of Medicine Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education and Coinnovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Physiology Jiangsu Health Vocational CollegeNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

Our previous study found that rat bone marrow–derived neural crest cells(acting as Schwann cell progenitors)have the potential to promote long-distance nerve ***-based therapy can enhance peripheral nerve repair and regeneration through paracrine bioactive factors and intercellular ***,the complex contributions of various types of soluble cytokines and extracellular vesicle cargos to the secretome remain *** investigate the role of the secretome and extracellular vesicles in repairing damaged peripheral nerves,we collected conditioned culture medium from hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cells,and found that it significantly promoted the repair of sensory neurons damaged by oxygen-glucose *** mRNA expression of trophic factors was highly expressed in hypoxia-pretreated neural crest *** performed RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis and found that miR-21-5p was enriched in hypoxia-pretreated extracellular vesicles of neural crest ***,to further clarify the role of hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cell extracellular vesicles rich in miR-21-5p in axonal growth and regeneration of sensory neurons,we used a microfluidic axonal dissociation model of sensory neurons in vitro,and found that hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cell extracellular vesicles promoted axonal growth and regeneration of sensory neurons,which was greatly dependent on loaded ***,we constructed a miR-21-5p-loaded neural conduit to repair the sciatic nerve defect in rats and found that the motor and sensory functions of injured rat hind limb,as well as muscle tissue morphology of the hind limbs,were obviously *** findings suggest that hypoxia-pretreated neural crest extracellular vesicles are natural nanoparticles rich in ***-21-5p is one of the main contributors to promoting nerve regeneration by the neural crest cell *** helps to explain the mechanism of action of the secretome and e

关键词： axotomy cell-free therapy conditioned medium extracellular vesicles hypoxic preconditioning microRNA oxygen-glucose deprivation peripheral nerve injury Schwann cell precursors

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Effect of Progressive Substitution of Cement and Lime by Powdered Shells Used as a Curing Agent for Dredged Soil in a Port Area

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 88-102页

作者： sun Yang WANG Faxin SU Yaying LI Yiwei HE Feng College of Harbour Coastal and Offshore EngineeringHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Huai'an Research Institute Hohai UniversityHuai'an 223025China Jiangsu Fangyang Industrial Investment Corp.Ltd. Lianyungang 210098China

This study aimed to address the challenges of solid waste utilization,cost reduction,and carbon reduction in the treatment of deep-dredged soil at Xuwei Port in Lianyungang city of *** research in this area was ***,a curing agent made from powdered shells was used to solidify the dredged soil in *** employed laboratory orthogonal tests to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of the powdered shell-based curing *** was collected by conducting experiments to assess the role of powdered shells in the curing process and to determine the optimal ratios of powdered shells to solidified soil for different *** development of strength in solidified soil was studied in both seawater and pure water *** study revealed that the strength of the solidified soil was influenced by the substitution rate of powdered shells and their interaction with *** cement content had a positive effect on *** high-strength solidified soil,the recommended ratio of wet soil:cement:lime:powdered shells were 100:16:4:4,while for low-strength solidified soil,the recommended ratio was 100:5.4:2.4:***,under appropriate conditions,improved short-term strength by promoting the formation of expansive ettringite minerals that contributed to cementation and *** findings suggest that the combination of cement and powdered shells is synergistic,positively affecting the strength of solidified *** recommended ratios provide practical guidance for achieving desired strength levels while considering factors such as cost and carbon *** role of seawater in enhancing short-term strength through crystal formation is noteworthy and can be advantageous for certain *** conclusion,this research demonstrates the potential of using a powdered shell-based curing agent for solidifying dredged soil in an environmentally friendly and cost-effective *** recommended ratios for different str

关键词： carbon reduction and solidification dredged soil abandoned shells orthogonal test chemical additives(lime and cement) unconfined compressive strength(UCS)

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Dual‑Donor‑Induced Crystallinity Modulation Enables 19.23% Efficiency Organic Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 376-388页

作者： Anhai Liang yuqing sun Sein Chung Jiyeong Shin Kangbo sun Chaofeng Zhu Jingjing Zhao Zhenmin Zhao yufei Zhong Guangye Zhang Kilwon Cho Zhipeng Kan Center On Nanoenergy Research Institute of Science and Technology for Carbon Peak&NeutralitySchool of Physical Science&TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004People’s Republic of China Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673South Korea College of New Materials and New Energies Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118People’s Republic of China Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Fabrication and Application of Advanced Photovoltaic Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringNingboTech UniversityNingbo 315100People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-Cycle Safety for Composite Structures Nanning 530004People’s Republic of China

Trap-assisted charge recombination is one of the primary limitationsof restricting the performance of organic solar cells. However, effectivelyreducing the presence of traps in the photoactive layer remains ***, wide bandgap polymer donor PTzBI-dF is demonstrated as an effectivemodulator for enhancing the crystallinity of the bulk heterojunction active layerscomposed of D18 derivatives blended with Y6, leading to dense and orderedmolecular packings, and thus, improves photoluminescence quenching *** a result, the photovoltaic devices exhibit reduced trap-assisted charge recombinationlosses, achieving an optimized power conversion efficiency of over 19%.Besides the efficiency enhancement, the devices comprised of PTzBI-dF as athird component simultaneously attain decreased current leakage, improved chargecarrier mobilities, and suppressed bimolecular charge recombination, leading toreduced energy losses. The advanced crystalline structures induced by PTzBI-dFand its characteristics, such as well-aligned energy level, and complementaryabsorption spectra, are ascribed to the promising performance *** findings suggest that donor phase engineering is a feasible approach to tuning the molecular packings in the active layer, providingguidelines for designing effective morphology modulators for high-performance organic solar cells.

关键词： Trap-assisted charge recombination Photoluminescence Miscibility Current leakage Power conversion efficiency

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Intermolecular reductive coupling of aliphatic ketones with alkynes and alkenes by BCN photocatalysts

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 181-185页

作者： Yanping Xia Luyang sun Jiajia Cheng Sibo Wang Meifang Zheng Xinchen Wang State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of Chemistry Fuzhou University

A photocatalytic process was developed for intermolecular reductive coupling of aliphatic ketones with alkynes/alkenes to furnish tertiary alcohols. Mechanistic studies support that boron carbonitrides(BCN) promote the single electron reduction of unactivated aliphatic ketones to generate ketyl radicals with visible light irradiation, which then react with alkynes and alkenes to afford the allylic and aliphatic alcohols, respectively. The heterogeneous photocatalytic system is compatible with diverse substrates including pharmaceutical-related molecules(43 examples) with reusability and scale-up experiments, verifying the complementary synthetic utility of this method to the homogeneous catalysts.

关键词： aliphatic ketones ketyl radical intermolecular cross-coupling tertiary alcohols

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