检索结果-南通市图书馆

Characteristics of diurnal variations of warm-season precipitation over Xinjiang Province in china

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2022年第2期15卷 13-18页

作者： Jie cao Shuping Ma Weihua Yuan Zhiyan Wu Key Laboratory of meteorological Disaster(KLME) Ministry of Education and Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Cooperative Institute for Mesoscale meteorological Studies University of OklahomaOklahomaUSA University of Chinese academy of sciences BeijingChina Key Laboratory of South china Sea meteorological Disaster Prevention HaikouChina

Aimed at improving knowledge regarding the diurnal cycle of warm-season rainfall in northwestern china,this study investigated the diurnal variations of warm-season precipitation with different durations in Xinjiang,china,using an hourly gauge–satellite merged precipitation product during 2008 to *** show noticeable diurnal variations with distinctive regional *** primary peak is in the early *** events with duration less than 3 h occur more often across the whole of Xinjiang and contribute more than half of the precipitation amount over its northern and southern peripheries,while rainfall events with duration more than 7 h over the Tianshan Mountains are responsible for the primary peak in the diurnal variations of warm-season precipitation.

关键词： Diurnal variation Precipitation Rainfall duration Regional variation Arid and semi-arid regions

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

我国海雾监测预报业务现状及未来展望

气象科技进展 2024年第2期14卷 17-23,32页

作者：谭娟钱传海黄彬曹越男刘梅中国气象局气象发展与规划院北京100081 国家气象中心北京100081

海雾因海面低层大气中水蒸气凝结而成,是海上一种常见的天气现象。海雾发生时能见度较低,对港口作业、海上航运、渔业及海上油气生产等造成严重影响。我国近海发生的船舶碰撞或触礁事故中,有50%~70%与海雾有关。本文回顾了近20年我国在... 详细信息

海雾因海面低层大气中水蒸气凝结而成,是海上一种常见的天气现象。海雾发生时能见度较低,对港口作业、海上航运、渔业及海上油气生产等造成严重影响。我国近海发生的船舶碰撞或触礁事故中,有50%~70%与海雾有关。本文回顾了近20年我国在海雾监测预报业务方面的进展,分析了地基海雾观测、卫星遥感、人工智能应用及海雾数值预报等对国省海雾监测预报业务的支撑,探讨了海雾在精细能见度监测预报及检验评估等方面存在的问题,并从开展海雾多平台协同观测,加强海雾机理、数值预报模式及客观预报方法研究和应用等角度对未来海雾业务发展提出了若干展望。

关键词：海雾监测预报展望

Re-Assessing Climatic Warming in china since 1900

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of meteorological Research 2020年第2期34卷 243-251页

作者： Zhongwei YAN Yihui DING Panmao ZHAI Lianchun SONG Lijuan cao Zhen LI Key Laboratory of Regional Climate–Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 Chinese academy of meteorological sciences China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 National meteorological Information Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081

The regional mean surface air temperature(SAT)in china has risen with a rate of 1.3–1.7℃(100 yr)^-1 since 1900,based on the recently developed homogenized *** estimate is larger than those[0.5–0.8℃(100 yr)^-1]adopted in the early National Reports of Climate Change in *** present paper reviews the studies of the longterm SAT series of china,highlighting the homogenization of station observations as the key *** SAT series of china in early studies showed a prominent warm peak in the 1940s,mainly due to inhomogeneous records associated with site-moves of a number of stations from urban to outskirts in the early 1950s,thus leading to underestimates of the centennial warming *** of china were relatively warm around the 1940s but with differentphase interdecadal variations,while some parts were even relatively *** fact is supported by proxy data and could partly be explained by interdecadal changes in large-scale *** effect of urbanization should have a minor contribution to the observed warming in china,although the estimates of such contributions for individual urban stations remain *** studies relevant to the present topic are discussed.

关键词： global warming regional climate variability centennial trend interdecadal variations effect of urbanization

Analysis and comparison of heat flux of landfast ice during 2016 in the Prydz Bay, Antarctica

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第5期40卷 71-79页

作者： Guanghua Hao Jie Su Qinghua Yang Long Lin Shutao cao Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting CenterMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao 266237China School of Atmospheric sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519080China Second Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China

Long term in situ atmospheric observation of the landfast ice nearby Zhongshan Station in the Prydz Bay was performed from April to November 2016. The in situ observation, including the conventional meteorological elements and turbulent flux, enabled this study to evaluate the sea ice surface energy budget process. Using in situ observations, three different reanalysis datasets from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Interim Re-analysis(ERA-Interim), National Centers for Environmental Prediction Reanalysis2(NCEP R2), and Japanese 55-year Reanalysis(JRA55), and the Los Alamos sea ice model, CICE, output for surface fluxes were evaluated. The observed sensible heat flux(SH) and net longwave radiation showed seasonal variation with increasing temperature. Air temperature rose from the middle of October as the solar elevation angle *** ice surface lost more energy by outgoing longwave radiation as temperature increased, while the shortwave radiation showed obvious increases from the middle of October. The oceanic heat flux demonstrated seasonal variation and decreased with time, where the average values were 21 W/m^(2) and 11 W/m^(2), before and after August,respectively. The comparisons with in situ observations show that, SH and LE(latent heat flux) of JRA55 dataset had the smallest bias and mean absolute error(MAE), and those of NCEP R2 data show the largest *** ERA-Interim dataset had the highest spatial resolution, but performance was modest with bias and MAE between JRA55 and NCEP R2 compare with in situ observation. The CICE results(SH and LE) were consistent with the observed data but did not demonstrate the amplitude of inner seasonal variation. The comparison revealed better shortwave and longwave radiation stimulation based on the ERA-Interim forcing in CICE than the radiation of ERA-Interim. The average sea ice temperature decreased in June and July and increased after September,which was similar to the temperature m

关键词： energy flux in situ observation evaluation CICE 6 reanalysis data

大连市PM_(2.5)中水溶性离子污染特征及高酸度成因

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

环境科学 2024年第9期45卷 5127-5139页

作者：杨萌刘畅王笑欢刘莲莲张明明曹姗姗阎守政孙泽宇田崇国辽宁省大连生态环境监测中心大连116023 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室山东省海岸带环境过程重点实验室烟台264003 中国科学院大学北京100049 中国科学院海洋大科学中心青岛266071

为更加深入地了解大连市细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))及其水溶性离子(WSI)的污染状况及影响因素,进行霾、酸雨等污染事件的精准管控,于2021年6月至2022年5月在大连市进行PM_(2.5)样品的采集,分别采用重量法和离子色谱法测定了PM_(2.5)和WSI的浓度... 详细信息

为更加深入地了解大连市细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))及其水溶性离子(WSI)的污染状况及影响因素,进行霾、酸雨等污染事件的精准管控,于2021年6月至2022年5月在大连市进行PM_(2.5)样品的采集,分别采用重量法和离子色谱法测定了PM_(2.5)和WSI的浓度,分析其污染特征和来源,并探讨了春季PM_(2.5)高酸度的成因.结果表明,采样期间大连市ρ(PM_(2.5))及其ρ(WSI)年均值分别为(33.24±28.87)μg·m^(−3)和(18.66±20.52)μg·m^(−3),二次离子(SNA,即SO_(4)^(2−)、NO_(3)^(−)和NH_(4)^(+))在WSI中占比最高[(86.2±9.3)%].受到气象条件和秋末至春初集中采暖期燃煤排放的影响,PM_(2.5)及其WSI季节变化大小为:冬季>春季>秋季>夏季,SNA则为春季最高.相关性和主成分分析结果表明,PM_(2.5)中的WSI主要来自大气中SO_(2)和NO_(2)的二次转化、燃烧和扬尘混合源以及沙尘和海盐源.燃烧源在夏季主要为生物质燃烧,秋冬春则以燃煤为主;秋季到冬季风向的变化带来海盐源向土壤沙尘源的转变,与西北风有关的外来污染输送则导致春季WSI来源较为复杂.ISORROPIA-Ⅱ模型模拟得到NH_(4)NO_(3)是大连市PM_(2.5)中存在最多的固体气溶胶形态,其次是CaSO_(4)和(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4);PM_(2.5)在夏秋冬三季pH值均接近中性,春季则明显呈酸性(2.03±3.18).春季的高酸度与低温高湿和高SNA浓度带来较高的气溶胶含水量及气-粒转化程度,最终形成贫氨环境.后向轨迹和PSCF结果表明,春季高酸度PM_(2.5)的外来输送主要来自西北(45.0%)和西南(40.8%)方向,前者主要与城市机动车和港口船舶排放有关,后者则受到相对较强的燃煤和工业源的影响.

关键词：大连市 PM_(2.5) 水溶性离子(WSI) 来源解析气溶胶酸度

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

BDS锚碇浮标监测海洋大气水汽初步探究

导航定位学报 2024年第4期12卷 220-227页

作者：周凌昊王海深施闯曹云昌梁宏宁春林成振华北京航空航天大学电子信息工程学院北京100191 中国气象局气象探测中心北京100081 自然资源部第一海洋研究所山东青岛266061 广西壮族自治区气象局气象技术装备中心南宁530022

精细化、动态化监测海洋大气水汽含量对全球海洋气候相关研究具有重要意义。为探究基于北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)的锚碇浮标平台在海洋水汽探测应用中的潜力,本研究利用白龙浮标搭载的测量型接收机,分别在岸基静态模式和海面动态模式下,对... 详细信息

精细化、动态化监测海洋大气水汽含量对全球海洋气候相关研究具有重要意义。为探究基于北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)的锚碇浮标平台在海洋水汽探测应用中的潜力,本研究利用白龙浮标搭载的测量型接收机,分别在岸基静态模式和海面动态模式下,对获取的BDS和全球定位系统(GPS)观测数据进行精密单点定位处理,并进行大气可降水量(PWV)反演,同时以欧洲中期天气预报中心第五代全球气候再分析数据集(ERA5)获取的PWV为参考值进行精度评估。结果表明:岸基静态模式下利用BDS观测值反演的PWV精度为0.7 mm,GPS反演的PWV精度为0.6 mm。海面动态模式下利用BDS观测值反演的PWV精度为1.2 mm,GPS反演的PWV精度为2.0 mm,与岸基静态模式探测的水汽产品精度基本相符。初步证明了利用BDS锚碇浮标在海洋动态观测条件下进行水汽含量监测的可行性,但仍需更长期更充分的观测以进一步验证。

关键词：北斗卫星导航系统(BDS) 大气水汽海洋锚碇浮标

同方期刊数据库

Progress in Research on Homogenization of Climate Data

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Climate Change Research 2012年第2期3卷 59-67页

作者： cao Li-Juan YAN Zhong-Wei National meteorological Information Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China RCE-TEA Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The observation data from ground surface meteorological stations is an important basis on which climate change research is carried out, while the homogenization of the data is necessary for improving the quality and homogeneity of the time series. This paper reviews recent advances in the techniques of identifying and adjusting inhomogeneity in climate series. We briefly introduce the results of applying two commonly accepted and well-developed methods (RHtest and MASH) to surface climate observations such as temperature and wind speed in china. We then summarize current progress and problems in this field, and propose ideas for future studies in china. Along with collecting more detailed metadata, more research on homogenization technology should be done in the future. On the basis of comparing and evaluating advantages and disadvantages of different homogenization methods, the homogenized climate data series of the last hundred years should be rebuilt.

关键词： climate observation time series homogeneity uncertainty

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

安徽省燃气炮人工增雨作业效果综合评估

应用气象学报 2024年第1期35卷 103-117页

作者：杨慧玲孙跃肖辉曹亚楠冯亮冯强舒未希朱明佳中国科学院大气物理研究所云降水物理与强风暴重点实验室北京100029 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049 安徽省人工影响天气办公室合肥230061 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院北京100094

选取2021—2023年安徽省81次燃气炮作业的双偏振天气雷达、雨量计等多源观测数据,综合评估燃气炮作业增雨效果并分析可能机理。结果显示:在降水开始前作业个例增雨效果较好,并伴有水平反射率因子Z_(H)、差分反射率Z_(DR)的增加和共极化... 详细信息

选取2021—2023年安徽省81次燃气炮作业的双偏振天气雷达、雨量计等多源观测数据,综合评估燃气炮作业增雨效果并分析可能机理。结果显示:在降水开始前作业个例增雨效果较好,并伴有水平反射率因子Z_(H)、差分反射率Z_(DR)的增加和共极化相关系数ρ_(hv)的减少;降水开始后作业增雨效果欠佳。使用携带暖云催化剂的燃气炮作业后云体变化主要在零度层以下,且维持时间较短;使用携带冷云催化剂的燃气炮作业后暖云区和冷云区均有明显变化,且作业影响持续时间更长。燃气炮作业过程中雷达速度谱宽增大,可能是作业引起气流涡旋的增加所导致。统计结果显示:增雨的显著性与作业时长呈负相关,作业时长与Z_(DR)增量呈负相关,过量播撒会导致减雨;增雨的显著性与作业前影响区雨量呈负相关;增雨量与Z_(H)、中低层风速、风切变呈正相关,与高层风速呈负相关。

关键词：燃气炮人工增雨双偏振天气雷达多源观测

Carbonaceous aerosols in PM_(10) and pollution gases in winter in beijing

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Environmental sciences 2007年第5期19卷 564-571页

作者： ZHANG Ren-Jian cao Jun-ji LEE Shun-cheng SHEN Zhen-xing HO Kin-Fai Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences START Regional Center for Temperate East Asia Beijing 100029 China Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesXi＇an 710075China Research Center for Urban Environmental Technology and Management Department of Civil and Structural Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China Department of Environmental Science and Technology Xi＇an Jiao Tong University Xi＇an 710049 China

An intensive observation of organic carbon （OC） and element carbon （EC） in PM10 and gaseous materials （SO2, CO, and O3,） was conducted continuously to assess the characteristics of wintertime carbonaceous aerosols in an urban area of beijing, china. Results showed that the averaged total carbon （TC） and PM10 concentrations in observation period are 30.2±120.4 and 172.6±198.3 μ/m^3 respectively. Average OC concentration in nighttime （24.9±19.6 μ/m^3 was 40% higher than that in daytime （17.7±10.9 μ/m^3. Average EC concentrations in daytime （8.8±15.2 μ/m^3 was close to that in nighttime （8.9±15.1 μ/m^3. The OC/EC ratios in nighttime ranging from 2.4 to 2.7 are higher than that in daytime ranging from 1.9 to 2.0. The concentrations of OC, EC, PM10 were low with strong winds and high with weak winds. The OC and EC were well correlated with PM10, CO and SO2, which implies they have similar sources. OC and EC were not well correlated with O3. By considering variation of OC/EC ratios in daytime and night time, correlations between OC and O3, and meteorological condition, we speculated that OC and EC in beijing PM10 were emitted as the primary particulate form. Emission of motor vehicle with low OC/EC ratio and coal combustion sources with high OC/EC ratio are probably the dominant sources for carbonaceous aerosols in beijing in winter. A simple method was used to estimate the relative contribution of sources to carbonaceous aerosols in beijing PM10. Motor vehicle source accounts for 80% and 68%, while coal combustion accounts for 20% and 32% in daytime and nighttime, respectively in beijing. Averagely, the motor vehicle and coal combustion accounted for 74% and 26%, respectively, for carbonaceous aerosols during the observation period. It points to the motor vehicle is dominant emission for carbonaceous aerosols in beijing PM10 in winter period, which should be paid attention to control high level of PM10 in beijing effectively.

关键词： organic carbon elemental carbon diurnal variation PM10