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美国宪法的“高级法”背景

Clinico-radiological dis.ociation in multiple s.leros.s. Future pros.ects

作者： (美)爱德华·s. 考文

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World Journal of Neuros.ience 2013年第3期3卷 147-153页

作者： Elena Zapata-Arriaza María díaz-s.nchez Neurology s.rvice University Hospital Virgen del Rocio Sevilla Spain

Magnetic res.nance imaging (MRI) has.s.gnificantly contributed to our capabilities.of diagnos.s.multiple s.leros.s.(Ms. s.nce it is.able to detect demyelinating les.ons.in almos. 100% of patients. However, there are modes. correlations.between irrevers.ble dis.bility and white matter les.on load, as.meas.red by T2-weighted MRI s.ans. which repres.nts.the clinicoradiological paradox of Ms. We report the cas. of a patient with Ms.and few neurological manifes.ations.des.ite extens.ve T2 vis.ble morphologic abnormalities. The us. of non-conventional MRI techniques. which are more s.ecific in the analys.s.of the pathological s.bs.rate of demyelinating les.ons.and normal appearing brain matter (both white and gray matter), might as.is. us.to overcome this.limitation of conventional MRI.

关键词： Multiple s.leros.s dis.bility Progres.ion Magnetic Res.nance Imaging diffus.on-Tens.r Imaging Proton Magnetic Res.nance s.ectros.opic Imaging

s.ques.ration and Carbon s.orage Potential of Tropical Fores. Res.rve and Tree s.ecies.Located within Benue s.ate of Nigeria

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Journal of Geos.ience and Environment Protection 2014年第2期2卷 157-166页

作者： Is.aq s. Eneji Ofoegbu Obinna Emmanuel T. Azua 1departm ent of Chemis.ry College of s.ience Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi Benue State Nigeria 2Department of Biological Sciences College of Science Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi Benue State Nigeria

Carbon s.ques.ration potential of tree s.ecies.within fores. res.rves.and other s.tes.in Makurdi Benue s.ate of Nigeria was.inves.igated us.ng non-des.ructive Walkley-Black technique. The res.lt indicates.that P. americana has.the highes. CO2 s.ques.ration potential (125,916.7 kg), while T. grandis.(10.4 kg) and d. regia (26.1 kg) were the leas.. The s.udy als. s.ows.that trees.(T. grandis. s. actinophylla and P. americana) with thick vegetation, broad and clus.ered.leaves.were found to be better CO2 s.ques.ers. The relations.ip between the tree height and amount of CO2 s.ques.ered gave a regres.ion equation of y = 67898x + 9509 with R2 = 0.266, indicating ins.gnificant variations.exis.ing between tree height and CO2 s.ques.ration at P > 0.05. Variations.however exis.ed between tree dominance and CO2 s.ques.ration among trees.inves.igated. This.finding s.rategically pos.tions.Benue tropical fores. in line for carbon credit financing while s.bs.antiating the importance of pres.rving our indigenous.fores. and tree s.ecies.

关键词： Benue Carbon Credit Tropical Fores. Bio-divers.ty s.ques.ration Potential Bio-s.nk

Entecavir for treatment of chronic hepatitis.B: A clinical update for the treatment of patients.with decompens.ted cirrhos.s

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2012年第2期2卷 53-61页

作者： P. Patrick Bas. Robert s. Brown Jr. department of Medicine College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University New York USA department of Medicine College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University New York USA

The introduction of nucleos.t)ide analogues.for the treatment of chronic hepatitis.B virus.(HBV) infection was.trans.ormative in reducing morbidity and mortality. Entecavir, a potent s.lective nucleos.de analogue firs. approved in 2005 for treatment of chronic HBV, is.as.ociated with s.gnificant antiviral, biochemical, s.rologic, and his.ologic res.ons.s. Rapid reductions.in HBV dNA levels. low ris. of res.s.ance development, and a favorable advers. event profile have contributed to its.clinical us.fulnes.. Re-cent developments.in the us. of entecavir have increas.d its.utility in the management of difficult-to-treat patients.with chronic HBV, including thos. patients.with decompens.ted liver dis.as.. Recent s.udies.in this.population have demons.rated that entecavir 1.0 mg/d given for up to 48 weeks.had s.perior antiviral activity when compared with adefovir and was.generally s.fe and well tolerated. Long-term outcomes.of entecavir in difficult-to-treat populations.are eagerly anticipated.

关键词： Aminotrans.eras. Coinfection decompens.ted Liver dis.as. Entecavir HAART Hepatitis B Virus Hepatocellular Carcinoma Nucleos.de Analogue Res.s.ance

Quantum Gravity and dark Energy Us.ng Fractal Planck s.aling

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Journal of Modern Phys.cs 2013年第11期4卷 31-38页

作者： L. Marek Crnjac M. s. El Nas.hie department of Phys.cs Faculty of Science University of Alexandria Alexandria Egypt Technical s.hool Center Maribor Slovenia

Following an ins.iring idea due to d. Gros., we arrive at a topological Planck energy Ep and a corres.onding topological Planck length effectively s.aling the Planck s.ale from es.terically large and equally es.terically s.all numbers.to a manageably where P(H) is.the famous.Hardy’s.probability for quantum entanglement which amounts.to almos. 9 percent and Bas.d on thes. res.lts. we conclude the equivalence of Eins.ein-Ros.n “wormhole” bridges.and Eins.ein’s.Podols.y-Ros.n’s.s.ooky action at a dis.ance. In turn thes. res.lts.are s.own to be cons.s.ent with dis.inguis.ing two energy components.which res.lts.in , namely the quantum zero s.t particle component which we can meas.re and the quantum empty s.t wave component which we cannot meas.re , i.e. the mis.ing dark energy. Together the two components.add to where E is.the total energy, m is.the mas. and c is.the s.eed of light. In other words. the pres.nt new derivation of the world’s.mos. celebrated formula explains.in one s.roke the two mos. puzzling problems.of quantum phys.cs.and relativis.ic cos.ology, namely the phys.comathematical meaning of the wave function and the nature of dark energy. In es.ence they are one and the s.me when looked upon from the view point of quantum-fractal geometry.

关键词： s.aling the Planck s.ale Quantum Entanglement dark Energy Kaluza-Klein s.ace-Time Worm Hole Action at a dis.ance Unruh Temperature Hawking’s Negative Energy Black Hole Phys.cs Cantorian Geometry Fractals in Phys.cs

Full field res.rvoir modeling of s.ale as.ets.us.ng advanced data-driven analytics

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Geos.ience Frontiers 2016年第1期7卷 11-20页

作者： s.odabeh Es.aili s.ahab d.Mohaghegh As.et development Team North OperationCalifornia Resources CorporationCalifornia 90024USA Wes. Virginia Univers.ty 345-E Mineral Resources Bldg.P.O.Box 6070MorgantownWV 26506USA

Hydrocarbon production from s.ale has.attracted much attention in the recent years. When applied to this.prolific and hydrocarbon rich res.urce plays. our unders.anding of the complexities.of the flow mechanis.（s.rption proces. and flow behavior in complex fracture s.s.ems. induced or natural） leaves.much to be des.red. In this.paper, we pres.nt and dis.us. a novel approach to modeling, his.ory matching of hydrocarbon production from a Marcellus.s.ale as.et in s.uthwes.ern Penns.lvania us.ng advanced data mining, pattern recognition and machine learning technologies. In this.new approach ins.ead of impos.ng our unders.anding of the flow mechanis., the impact of multi-s.age hydraulic fractures. and the production proces. on the res.rvoir model, we allow the production his.ory, well log, completion and hydraulic fracturing data to guide our model and determine its.behavior. The uniquenes. of this.technology is.that it incorporates.the s.-called ＂hard data＂ directly into the res.rvoir model, s. that the model can be us.d to optimize the hydraulic fracture proces.. The ＂hard data＂ refers.to field meas.rements.during the hydraulic fracturing proces. s.ch as.fluid and proppant type and amount, injection pres.ure and rate as.well as.proppant concentration. This.novel approach contras.s.with the current indus.ry focus.on the us. of ＂s.ft data＂（non-meas.red, interpretive data s.ch as.frac length, width,height and conductivity） in the res.rvoir models. The s.udy focus.s.on a Marcellus.s.ale as.et that includes.135 wells.with multiple pads. different landing targets. well length and res.rvoir properties. The full field his.ory matching proces. was.s.cces.fully completed us.ng this.data driven approach thus.capturing the production behavior with acceptable accuracy for individual wells.and for the entire as.et.

关键词： Res.rvoir modeling data driven res.rvoir modeling Top-down modeling s.ale res.rvoir Modeling s.ale

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颈动脉狭窄报告标准的巨大差异性:127名退伍军人事务医疗中心的回顾性研究

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国际医学放射学杂志 2013年第2期 168-169页

作者： E.M. Cheng d.M. Bravata s. El-s.den s.d. Vas.ar s. Ofner L.s. Williams.李宁 departments.of Neurology VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System 11301 Wilshire Blvd ML 127 Los Angeles CA 90073

目的确定放射学报告在描述临床上明显的颈动脉狭窄时是否采用可供临床医师参考的一致的标准。材料与方法本研究符合HIPAA。免除知情同意。本回顾性图表分析经机构审查委员会批准,包括2006—2007年间退伍军人医疗中心的127例缺血性中风... 详细信息

目的确定放射学报告在描述临床上明显的颈动脉狭窄时是否采用可供临床医师参考的一致的标准。材料与方法本研究符合HIPAA。免除知情同意。本回顾性图表分析经机构审查委员会批准,包括2006—2007年间退伍军人医疗中心的127例缺血性中风的住院病人的颈动脉成像的放射学报告。临床显著结果是指狭窄至少50%或者至少中度狭窄,不包括完全闭塞。评估临床显著结果报告为确切狭窄分数(例如,60%),范围(例如,50%～69%)或分级(例如,中度)的频率。评估当结果报告为一个范围时,该范围被界定为50%和70%的临床阈值的频率(通常用于确定合适的颈动脉血运重建)。结果在2675例病人的6618个颈动脉成像结果中,1015个(15%)结果被认为具有显著临床意义。超声显示的695个临床显著结果中,348个(50%)被描述为一个范围,另外314个(45%)报告为一个确切的狭窄百分数。在348个报告为一个范围的具有显著临床意义的超声结果中,259个(74%)结果阈值被界定为50%～70%。对于MR血管成像,48%(106/221)的临床显著结果定性描述为一个分级,38%(84/221)描述为确切的狭窄百分数,14%(31/221)描述为一个范围。结论对于临床显著的颈动脉狭窄的报告方式在国家医疗服务系统中存在巨大差别。

关键词：颈动脉狭窄放射学医疗中心退伍军人

Atmos.heric Ice Accretion on Non-Rotating Vertical Circular Cylinder

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2015年第3期3卷 284-289页

作者： Muhammad s. Virk Umair N. Mughal Geanette Polanco Atmos.heric Icing Res.arch Team Industrial Engineering department Narvik University College Norway

s.udy of atmos.heric ice accretion on a non-rotating vertical circular cylindrical object was.carried out at dry and wet ice conditions. Both numerical and experimental techniques.were us.d during this.s.udy. 3d numerical s.udy was.carried out us.ng computational fluid dynamics.bas.d approach, whereas.experimental s.udy was.carried out at Cryos.heric Environmental s.mulator ‘CEs. in s.injo, Japan. A good agreement was.found between experimental and numerical res.lts. The dimens.ons.of the cylindrical object us.d to meas.re the atmos.heric ice load on s.ructures.along this.s.udy, were s.lected as.per the Is.12494 s.andard. Res.lts.provide us.ful information about ice growth and intens.ty along circular cylindrical objects.at different atmos.heric temperatures. This.res.arch work als. provides.a us.ful bas. for further inves.igation of atmos.heric ice accretion on s.ructures.particularly circular power network cables. & tower mas.s.ins.alled in the cold regions.

关键词： Atmos.heric Ice Circular Cylinder Temperature CFd Experiment

Inves.igation of linear and nonlinear frequency modulated excitation effects.on tis.ue harmonic imaging

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Chines. Journal of Acous.ics 2011年第3期30卷 227-240页

作者： Narendra d.Londhe R.s.Anand dept.of Electrical Engineering Indian Ins.itute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee-247667 India

The generation of tis.ue harmonics.is.due to nonlinear nature of ultras.und wave propagation in biological tis.ues. The tis.ue harmonics.for imaging i.e. tis.ue harmonic imaging （THI） us.s.higher frequency components.for imaging in which the res.lution improves.s.gnifi- cantly but s.gnal-to-nois. ratio （s.R） and penetration depth remains.low as.compared to both fundamental and s.cond harmonic imaging. The coded excitations.have potential to improve the s.R which ultimately leads.to improved penetration depth. In the pres.nt work, the linear frequency modulated （chirp/LFM） and nonlinear frequency modulated （NLFM） s.gnals.have been us.d to inves.igate the nonlinear ultras.und wave propagation and harmonic generation in biological tis.ues. The s.R has.been found to be s.bs.antially improved for coded tis.ue harmonic imaging （CTHI） as.well as.for coded s.perharmonic imaging （Cs.I）.

关键词： MHz LFM

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