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Suicidal Behaviours in Sickle Cell Patients at the Douala Sickle Cell Care Centre in Cameroon

Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 265-281页

作者： Christian Eyoum Léonce Kengno Kologne Charlotte Eposse Ekoube Annick Mélanie Magnerou Joséphine Manga Befolo Cindy Laura Ndepa Daniel Gams Massi Aurore Nzesseu Djomo Guy Jonas Basseguin Atchou Guy Calvin Mbongo’O Rihta Mbono Mbekoto Iyawa Hassanatou Fabiola Tchouankeu Kounga Christiane Medi Sike Josiane Essola Jacques Narcisse Doumbe Erero Njiengwe callixte kuate Tegueu Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Introduction: Sickle cell anaemia is a hereditary disease that combines physical and psychological manifestations, including suicidal tendencies. So far, to our knowledge, no study has been conducted on suicidal behaviours among people with sickle cell disease in Cameroon. This is what justifies our study on the prevalence and factors related to suicidal behaviors in our study population. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, analytical study of 171 sickle cell patients aged from 12 years upwards who came to the sickle cell disease care service of the Laquintinie Hospital in Douala, over a period of 6 months, that is, from 1 January to 31 June 2022. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire with questions on suicidal behaviours based on the “MINI” (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview). The data were processed using the SPSS 26.0 software. The related factors were studied in both a bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Female sickle cell patients accounted for 60.2% of the sample. The mean age was 23.36 ± 8.42 years. Suicidal ideation was prevalent in 56% of cases and 13% attempted suicide. The factors most associated with suicidal ideation were: primary level of education (OR = 0.08 (0.09 - 0.79);p = 0.03), feeling unworthy of life (OR = 0.40 (0.08 - 1.96);p = 0.02), not often being considered by those around them (OR = 2.97 (1.26 - 6.99);p = 0.01), lack of family support (OR = 0.34 (0.15 - 0.77);p = 0.01). Meanwhile, the factors associated with suicide attempts were: the fact of being rarely exposed to suicide-related media (OR = 4.17 (1.40 - 71.80);p = 0.03), and a constant feeling of sadness when returning home (OR = 18.02 (1.59 - 20.55);p = 0.01). Conclusion: More than half of sickle cell patients had had suicidal thoughts and 1/6 had made at least one suicide attempt, women and young adults being the most concerned. It is therefore necessary to ensure optimum psychological care for patients with sickle cell disease.

关键词： Sickle Cell Disease Suicidal Behaviours Self-Harm

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Stroke Associated with Covid-19 at the YaoundéGeneral Hospital, Cameroon: Series of 10 Cases

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2021年第3期11卷 221-230页

作者： Paul-Cédric Mbonda Victor Sini Jose Kamgang Hadja Cherif Alain Menanga Victor Eyenga callixte kuate Vincent de Paul Djientcheu Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Neurology Department Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Emergencies Department Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Infectious diseases Department Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic, which is an infection due to the SARS Cov-2 virus, mainly causes severe damage to the respiratory system, but several studies have reported neurological damage with different manifestations including headaches, seizures, encephalopathies, and stroke. We report a series of 10 patients infected with Covid-19 who had an ischemic stroke at the Yaoundé General Hospital, Cameroon. Patients and Methods: We carried out a prospective study for 12 months between April 2020 and March 2021 by collecting data from patients admitted for Covid-19 at the Yaoundé general hospital. Were included all patients with a diagnosis of stroke confirmed by brain imaging (CT/MRI) following a focal neurological deficit of sudden onset and whose test (nasopharyngeal swab confirmed by PCR) for Covid-19 was positive. Patients diagnosed with a stroke more than 2 weeks (14 days) after the positive Covid-19 PCR test were excluded. Results: The prevalence of ischemic stroke in this hospital-based series was 1.46%. These were six men and four women. The mean NIHSS score was 13.57. The average age of our patients was 58 years. Brain imaging was performed in each patient revealing hypodense lesion in a large arterial territory in 8 of them, for two patients we found multilacunar infarcts. All patients had negative HIV serology and D-dimers greater than 500 μg/L. Conclusion: This work on strokes in Covid-19 infected patients shows that it is a fairly frequent neurological complication, which can occur even in young subjects without known risk factors, the symptoms of viral infection are not systematically present before the onset of stroke.

关键词： Covid-19 Stroke Ischemia

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Multiple Cranial Nerve Palsies in Otolaryngology Consultation: An Atypical Clinical Presentation Revealing Myasthenia Gravis

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2022年第6期11卷 306-316页

作者： Adèle-Rose Ngo Nyeki Paul Cedric Mbonda Léonel Atanga Yannick Mossus Roger Meva’a Victor Sini Mambo Olive Ngaba David Mindja Francois Djomou callixte kuate Richard Njock Alexis Ndjolo Department of Ophthalmology-ENT-Stomatology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Central Hospital of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Neurology General Hospital of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon

Introduction: Myasthenia gravis is a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disease, presents with weakness and fatigability of striated skeletal muscles. It is a rare disease in Cameroon. We report an uncommon case of myasthenia gravis in a patient with feeding difficulties, notion of oronasal reflux and swallowing disorders as first complaints. Observation: We report the case of a 29-year-old woman consulted at our department of Otolaryngology and Cervico-Facial Surgery for dysphagia and swallowing disorders. She also presented with facial diplegia, oculomotor paralysis, nasal voice, and dysarthria which has been evolving for several years now. The clinical examination revealed multiple cranial nerve palsies. The complementary workup showed a decrement of more than 50% in the electroneuromyography and the presence of anti-acetylcholine receptor autoantibodies in the blood workup. A diagnosis of myasthenia confirms clinical presumption. We initially observed a worsening of neuromuscular disorders despite the pyridostigmine treatment and subsequently a clear improvement of the clinical features concerning swallowing and speech disorders, oculomotricity and facial diplegia under a treatment combining prednisone and azathioprine. Conclusion: Myasthenia gravis is a rare and potentially fatal autoimmune neuromuscular disease. We thus highlight the atypical clinical presentation and therapeutic itinerary of our patient and the importance to think about this clinical diagnosis in front of any multiple cranial nerve paralysis in otolaryngology consultation.

关键词： Clinical Case Dysphagia Swallowing Disorders Facial Diplegia Nasal Voice Myasthenia Autoimmune Paralysis Cranial Nerves

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Depression and Suicidal Ideations among Prisoners of the Douala Central Prison

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第3期13卷 123-135页

作者： Christian Eyoum Josephine Manga Befolo Guy Jonas Basseguin Atchou Guy Calvin Mbongo’O Jacques Narcisse Doumbe Olen Jean Pierre Kamga Liza Steffi Ndjeukam Bakam Audrey Divine Miyehane Fulgence Léonce Kengno Kologne Fabrice Minkoa Ngah Félicien Ntone Enyime Ida Calixte Penda Yacouba Mapoure Njankouo Noël Emmanuel Essomba callixte kuate Tegueu Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé I Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: The prison environment is a conducive environment for the development of psychiatric pathologies such as depression and suicidal ideation. To date, no related study has been conducted in Douala, Cameroon. We have therefore undertaken to study the prevalence of these pathologies and their related factors among inmates of the Douala Central Prison. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 309 prisoners over a 6-month period from 1 January to 31 June 2022. This involved prisoners aged 18 years and over, who were consenting and able to read and write. Data were collected during individual interviews using a structured questionnaire. Depression was assessed by the BECK Short Form Depression Inventory and suicidal ideation was assessed by the MINI. These data were processed using the SPSS version 25.0 software. The related factors were studied in bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results: Most of the prisoners were male (97%), and more than half knew their criminal status. The prevalence of depression was 33.7% and that of suicide ideation was 22.7%. Among the factors associated with depression were receiving social visits and suicidal ideation. A history of physical/psychological abuse, repeated offences and prison violence were protective factors. Factors associated with suicidal ideation were the absence of social visits, physical abuse in childhood, smoking in prison and depression. Suicidal ideation was independently associated with depression as well as depression being independently associated with suicidal ideation. Conclusion: About 1/3 of the prisoners had depression and almost 1/4 had suicidal ideations. As a result of this and the related factors, there is a need to reorganize psychiatric care within our prison context.

关键词： Depression Suicidal Ideation Prevalence

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Stroke Associated with Covid-19 at the Yaoundé General Hospital, Cameroon: Series of 10 Cases

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World Journal of Neuroscience（神经科学国际期刊） 2021年第3期

作者： Paul-Cédric Mbonda Victor Sini Jose Kamgang Hadja Cherif Alain Menanga Victor Eyenga callixte kuate Vincent de Paul Djientcheu

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Multiple Cranial Nerve Palsies in Otolaryngology Consultation: An Atypical Clinical Presentation Revealing Myasthenia Gravis

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery（耳鼻喉） 2022年第6期

作者： adèle-rose ngo nyeki paul cedric mbonda léonel atanga yannick mossus roger meva’a victor sini mambo olive ngaba david mindja francois djomou callixte kuate richard njock alexis ndjolo

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Depression and Suicidal Ideations among Prisoners of the Douala Central Prison

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Open Journal of Psychiatry（精神病学期刊） 2023年第3期

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