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Cell-type resolved transcriptomic approaches for dissecting selective vulnerability in neurodgeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1411-1413页

作者： caleb A.Wood Nicholas M.Tran Department of Neuroscience Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

A common feature among neurodegenerative conditions is that ce rtain neuronal populations are selectively vulnerable to loss(Fu et al.,2018).By corollary,other neurons are selectively resilient,suggesting they may possess unique features that support their survival.U nderstanding the basis of neuronal resilience or vulnerability would provide a logical strategy to identify factors that could be targeted therapeutically.

关键词： selective targeted

Diet and monensin influence the temporal dynamics of the rumen microbiome in stocker and finishing cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 733-748页

作者： Jianmin Chai caleb P.Weiss Paul A.Beck Wei Zhao Ying Li Jiangchao Zhao Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding College of Life Science and EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshanChina Division of Agriculture Department of Animal ScienceUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA Department of Animal and Food Sciences Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100193China

Background Stocker cattle diet and management influence beef cattle performance during the finishing stage,but knowledge of the dynamics of the rumen microbiome associated with the host are lacking.A longitudinal study was conducted to determine how the feeding strategy from the stocker to the finishing stages of production affects the temporal dynamics of rumen *** the stocker phase,either dry hay or wheat pasture were provided,and three levels of monensin were *** calves were then transported to a feedlot and received similar finishing diets with or without *** microbial samples were collected on d 0,28,85 during the stocker stage(S0,S28 and S85)and d 0,14,28,56,30 d before slaughter and the end of the trial during the finishing stage(F0,F14,F28,F56,Pre-Ba,and Final).The V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene of 263 rumen samples was *** Higher alpha diversity,including the number of observed bacterial features and the Shannon index,was observed in the stocker phase compared to the finishing *** bacterial amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)differentiating different sampling time points were *** treatments during the stocker stage temporally impact the dynamics of rumen *** example,shared bacteria,including Bacteroidales(ASV19)and Streptococcus infantarius(ASV94),were significantly higher in hay rumen on S28,S85,and F0,while Bacteroidaceae(ASV11)and Limivicinus(ASV15)were more abundant in *** affected rumen microbial composition at a specific *** to feedlot significantly influenced microbiome structure and diversity in hay-fed *** taxa associated with body weight were classified,and core microbiotas interacted with each other during the *** In summary,the temporal dynamics of the rumen microbiome in cattle at the stocker and finishing stage are influenced by multiple factors of the feeding *** at the stocker phase may t

关键词： Beef cattle Diet Feedlot phase Monensin Next-generation sequencing Rumen microbiota Stocker

Mapping of Flood Risk Zones Using Multi-Criteria Approach and Radar a Case Study of Ala and Akure-Ofosu Communities, Ondo State, Nigeria

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第8期15卷 605-631页

作者： Olamiposi caleb Fagunloye Department of Remote Sensing and Geoscience Information Systems Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

Floods are among the worst natural catastrophes, devastating homes, businesses, public buildings, farms, and crops. Studies show that it’s not the flood itself that’s deadly but people’s vulnerability. This study investigates the Ala and Akure-Ofosu flood-prone zones;identifies elements that cause flooding in the study area;classifies each criterion by its effect;develops a flood risk map;estimates flood damage using Sentinel-1A SAR data;compares AHP results. Literature study and GIS-computer database georeferenced fieldwork data. Photos from the 2020 Sentinel 2A satellite have been organized. Built-up area, cropland, rock, the body of water, and forest Land use and cover, slope, rainfall, soil, Euclidean River Distance, and flow accumulation were mapped. These variables were integrated into a Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) using GIS tools, resulting in the creation of a flood risk map that categorizes the region into five risk zones: 5% of the area is identified as high-risk, 21% as low-risk, and 74% as moderate-risk. Copernicus SAR data from before and after the flood were processed on Google Earth Engine to map flood extent and ensured that the MCA map accurately reflected flood-prone areas. Periodic review, real-time flood susceptibility monitoring, early warning, and quick damage assessment are suggested to avoid flood danger and other environmental problems.

关键词： Remote Sensing Flooding GIS Akure Flood Risk Damage Assessment

Evaluating and Addressing Interoperability Constraints in Health Information Systems for Enhanced Healthcare Delivery in Zimbabwe

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第7期12卷 133-154页

作者： Prosper Tafadzwa Denhere Nelson Matanana Munyaradzi Zhou caleb Manjeese Talent Mawere Department of Marketing and Information Sciences Midlands State University Gweru Zimbabwe Department of Computer Science and Information Systems Manicaland State University of Applied Sciences Mutare Zimbabwe Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Great Zimbabwe University Masvingo Zimbabwe

Interoperability constraints in health information systems pose significant challenges to the seamless exchange and utilization of health data, hindering effective healthcare delivery. This paper aims to evaluate and address these constraints to enhance healthcare delivery. The study examines the current state of interoperability in health information systems, identifies the key constraints, and explores their impact on healthcare outcomes. Various approaches and strategies for addressing interoperability constraints are discussed, including the adoption of standardized data formats, implementation of interoperability frameworks, and establishment of robust data governance mechanisms. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of stakeholder collaboration, policy development, and technical advancements in achieving enhanced interoperability. The findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive evaluation of interoperability constraints and the implementation of targeted interventions to promote seamless data exchange, improve care coordination, and enhance patient outcomes in healthcare settings.

关键词： Health Information System Interoperability Interoperability Constraints

Physico-Chemical Properties of Soils from Diguel and Koudalwa Tchad,and Phytoremediation Potentials of Acasia and Kinkeliba Plants in Removing Cr and Cu from These Soils

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2024年第5期13卷 165-177页

作者： Dieudonne caleb Dahaina Jean Claude Doumnang Mbaigane Bobet Ouanmini Cornelius Tsamo Department of Chemistry Faculty of Exact and Applied SciencesUniversity of N’DjamenaBP 1027N’DjamenaChad Laboratoire de Géologie Géomorphologie et TélédétectionFacultédes Sciences Exactes et AppliquéesUniversitéde N’DjaménaBP 1027N’DjamenaChad Laboratoire de Chimie Ecole Normale Supérieure de BongorBP 13BongorTchad Department of Chemistry Higher Teachers’Training CollegeUniversity of MarouaP.O.Box 55 MarouaCameroon Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering College of TechnologyUniversity of BamendaP.O.BOX 39BambiliCameroon

The aim of this study to investigate the physico-chemical properties of soils from Diguel and Koudalwa Tchad,and phytoremediation potentials of acasia and kinkeliba plants in removing Cr and Cu from these *** was sampled from the tannery plant in Diguel and agricultural land around crude oil activities in *** were characterized by the following properties:pH,(Electrical Conductivity),TDS(Total Dissolved Solids),salinity,bulk density,OM(Organic Matter),nitrate,phosphate,clay,silt,sand,and textural *** acasia and kinkeliba plants were used to decontaminate Cu and Cr from sample soils for 30 days *** bulk density of all the soil samples from Kouldawa was higher compared to Diguil,ranging from 1.421 to 1.64 g/cm^(3)compared to 1.21 to 1.51 g/cm^(3)for *** of the soils in Kouldawa are mineral soils,while those of Diguel are mostly mineral soil with some *** soils are richer in nitrate(577.9 to 2,687.32 mg/kg in Diguel and 33.64 to 197.64 mg/kg in Kouldawa)and phosphate than soils from *** from the studied areas are not saline except for a subsurface soil in Diguel(salinity,4.21;EC,4.280 dS/m;TDS,3,040 mg/L).The highest amount of Cr and Cu removed by acasia is 78%and 53.12%compared to 73.8%and 52.21%by *** soil can be very suitable for agriculture and Kouldawa soils for *** and kinkeliba can be effectively used to decontaminate the studied soils from heavy metal pollution.

关键词： Soil physico-chemical properties phytoremediation heavy metals Tchad.

Incidence and Management of Occupational Blood Exposure (OBE) among Medical Students at the University of Bangui

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2024年第2期12卷 68-77页

作者： Hermione Dahlia Mossoro-Kpinde caleb Koyambenguia Yves Kpangba Mangbé Saint Calvaire Henri Diemer Ministè re du Travail de l&#8217Emploi de la Protection Sociale et de la Formation Professionnelle Bangui Central African Republic Dé partement de Sant&#233 Publique &#224 la Facult&#233 des Sciences de la Sant&#233 de l&#8217Universit&#233 de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l’ Amiti&#233 Sino-Centrafricaine de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Département de Formation Continue à la Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de l’Université de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic

Introduction: Like healthcare workers, medical students are also exposed to a risk of accidental contamination during their hospital internships. However, they do not benefit from prevention services in the same way as workers in this sector, although they actively participate in the routine care provided to patients in the various hospital departments. The objective of our study is to determine the incidence of these accidents and their medical and administrative management among these victims (medical students) not classified in the category of workers. Materials and Method: This was a cross-sectional study carried out over three months from January 15 to March 14, 2023. The study population consisted of all medical students at the Faculty of Health Sciences at the University of Bangui. Regularly enrolled students from 2nd to 7th year, on placement in hospitals in the Central African Republic and who gave their informed consent were included. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Results: A cross-sectional study was carried out among medical students concerning the incidence and management of accidents involving exposure to blood in the Central African Republic. Of the 254 students included, three (9%) had already been correctly vaccinated against the viral hepatitis B virus, 198 (77.9%) reported still having access to personal protective equipment, 133 students (52.4%) reported being victims of OBE in the past 12 months. The main types of OBE were stings (62%), followed by liquid splashes (32%) and cuts (6%). Among the 133 victims, 92.9% carried out immediate hand disinfection or abundant eye washing, 41.9% obtained the serology of the source patient and 37% reported the accident to their supervisor. Conclusion: It is important that students benefit from better prevention and management of these accidents.

关键词： Incidence of Blood Exposure Accidents Medical Student Treatment Bangui

Integrated Single-cell Multiomic Analysis of HIV Latency Reversal Reveals Novel Regulators of Viral Reactivation

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第1期22卷 67-88页

作者： Manickam Ashokkumar Wenwen Mei Jackson J.Peterson Yuriko Harigaya David M.Murdoch David M.Margolis caleb Kornfein Alex Oesterling Zhicheng Guo Cynthia D.Rudin Yuchao Jiang Edward P.Browne Department of Medicine University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA HIV Cure Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Biostatistics University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Genetics University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Medicine Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Computer Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Statistics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Biology Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy,human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)cannot be cured because of a reservoir of latently infected cells that evades *** understand the mechanisms of HIV latency,we employed an integrated single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing(scATAC-seq)approach to simultaneously profile the transcriptomic and epigenomic characteristics of~125,000 latently infected primary CD4^(+)T cells after reactivation using three different latency reversing *** expressed genes and differentially accessible motifs were used to examine transcriptional pathways and transcription factor(TF)activities across the cell *** identified cellular transcripts and TFs whose expression/activity was correlated with viral reactivation and demonstrated that a machine learning model trained on these data was 75%-79%accurate at predicting viral ***,we validated the role of two candidate HIV-regulating factors,FOXP1 and GATA3,in viral *** data demonstrate the power of integrated multimodal single-cell analysis to uncover novel relationships between host cell factors and HIV latency.

关键词： HIV latency reversal Primary CD4þT cell Single-cell multiomics HIV-regulating factor Machine learning

Polygenic Profile and Magnitude Impact of Inflammatory Response in Soccer Athletes

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Open Journal of Genetics 2024年第3期14卷 47-76页

作者： Tane Kanope caleb Guedes Miranda dos Santos Christiano Eduardo Veneroso Andre Fornazieiro Miller Gomes de Assis Eduardo Mendonça Pimenta UFMG Soccer Science Center Program in Sport Sciences School of Physical Education Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte MG Brazil Army Institute of Biology IBEX Rio de Janeiro Brazil Graduate Program in Physical Education Federal University of Maranho So Lus MA Brazil

The practice of soccer involves carrying-out actions of high intensity, which demand a great generation of eccentric strength, which in turn results in an increase in the inflammatory response after training practice and game matches. The study aimed to investigate, in combination and individually, the association of 28 polymorphisms with the inflammatory responses of soccer athletes. The sample consisted of 47 male under-20 soccer athletes who belong to clubs in the first division of Brazilian soccer. Blood samples were collected at Pre, and 03, 24, and 48 hours after the training session to evaluate the inflammatory responses (hematological analyzes (hemogram), creatine phosphokinase (CK), high sensitivity quantitative C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, (TNFα), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)). DNA was obtained through scraping of buccal cells, where a sterile swab was rubbed on the inner side of the mouth of each participant 06 times. The database was built using the TruSeq DNA PCRFree kit (Illumina®) and the Covaris equipment for shearing genomic DNA (gDNA) by ultrasound. Of the analyzed SNPs, 09 (ACTN3 rs1815739, COL5A1 rs12722, COL5A1 rs3196378, HGF rs5745697, IGF1 rs35767, IL-6 rs1800795, MMP3 rs679620, SLC30A8 rs13266634, SOX15 rs4227) were individually associated with biomarkers and 07 SNPs, (COL5A1 rs12722, COL5A1 rs3196378, COL5A1 rs1800012, HGF rs5745697, IGF1 rs35767, IL-6 rs1800795 and MMP3 rs679620) analyzed in combination, explained 16% to 40% of the variation of inflammatory responses in soccer athletes. The results suggest that the genotypic profile can be taken into account for a more individualized distribution of the training load, along with the elaboration of recovery strategies for high-level athletes between training sessions and games of high physical and physiological demand.

关键词： Polymorphism Genotype Soccer Inflammation

同轴静电喷涂法制备核壳靶向示踪重组人白细胞介素Ⅱ微球

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2024年第6期33卷 495-510页

作者：朱源许佳琦陈小艳冯颖淑 caleb Kesse Firempong 何海冰刘宏飞江苏大学药学院江苏镇江212013 江苏苏南药业工业有限公司江苏镇江212400 镇江医学院医学化学研究所镇江市功能化学重点实验室江苏镇江212028 江苏海之宏生物医药有限公司江苏南通226001 沈阳药科大学药学院辽宁沈阳110016

重组人白细胞介素-2(rh IL-2)具有促进免疫细胞增殖和分化的潜能,可用于治疗肺癌。然而,rh IL-2半衰期短,生物活性不稳定,需要将其载入微球中进行缓释给药。本研究采用同轴静电喷涂技术制备了载rh IL-2的核壳微球。以量子点为示踪材料,... 详细信息

重组人白细胞介素-2(rh IL-2)具有促进免疫细胞增殖和分化的潜能,可用于治疗肺癌。然而,rh IL-2半衰期短,生物活性不稳定,需要将其载入微球中进行缓释给药。本研究采用同轴静电喷涂技术制备了载rh IL-2的核壳微球。以量子点为示踪材料,核层用壳聚糖做载体包裹rh IL-2和量子点偶联物,壳层采用透明质酸做载体制备核壳复合微球。采用单因素法对载体浓度、电压、针孔内径、喷雾流量等因素进行了研究。优化了同轴静电喷雾法制备核壳微球的工艺参数。结果表明,制备的核壳微球粒径在1.2–2.0μm,包封率和载药量分别为78.39%±1.96%和19.58±2.76μg/mg。体外释放实验显示微球释放效果较好,无突释现象。该制剂的生物学活性实验表明,核壳微球中的rh IL-2与游离蛋白药物具有相同的作用。体内成像分析也显示微球具有主动靶向性。本研究为rh IL-2靶向缓释微球的研制提供了理论依据。

关键词：同轴静电喷雾量子点透明质酸微球