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Numerical study on the filtration characteristics of fine particles in granular bed filter at high temperature

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 41-53页

作者： Kangning Zhu Jie cai Yuan li Xiaoyou Shen Jianfei Xi Yunjun Wang Zhongzhu gu School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China

Granular bed filter(GBF)has become one of the current research hot topics due to its excellent performance in removing fine *** this paper,a three-dimensional fixed bed GBF filtration model was established and its accuracy was ***,the GBF filtration performance at high temperature were *** results demonstrate that elevating the temperature diminishes the filtration efficiency,albeit to a limited *** increasing of inlet gas velocity can significantly improve pressure drop for GBF and the filtration efficiency for fine particles of sizes larger than 5μ*** the diameter of stacked granular particle diameter grows,the filtration efficiency and pressure drop *** density of fine particles almost does not affect the filtration efficiency for fine particles of 1∼7μm,but a higher density leads to a higher filtration efficiency for fine particles of sizes bigger than 9μ***,as the fine particles size increases,the change of the filtration efficiency roughly goes through three stages:Stage 1:the filtration efficiency is basically unchanged;Stage 2:the filtration efficiency increases rapidly;Stage 3:the filtration efficiency increases steadily,but the rate of increase slows *** the increase of the fine particles Stokes number,the filtration efficiency of GBF will pass through two phases of stabilization and rapid increase.

关键词： Granular bed filter Fine particles High temperature Filtration efficiency

qSTA2-2,a novel QTL that contributes to seed starch synthesis in Zea mays L.

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第4期23卷 1118-1133页

作者： Minghao cai Xuhui li Zhi liang Jie Wang Delin li Zhipeng Yuan Riliang gu Jianhua Wang li li State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding/Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Utilization Ministry of Education/Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology/College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institute of Nanfan&Seed Industry Guangdong Academy of ScienceGuangzhou 510316China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

The seed storage materials accumulate during seed development,and are essential for seed germination and seedling *** we employed two bi-parental populations of an F2:3 population developed from a cross of improved 220(I220,small seeds with low starch)and PH4CV(large seeds with high starch),as well as recombinant-inbred lines(RILs)of X178(high starch)and its improved introgression line I178(low starch),to identify the genes that control seed storage *** identified a total of 12 QTLs for starch,protein and oil,which explained 3.44-10.79%of the phenotypic *** them,qSTA2-1 identified in F2:3 and qSTA2-2 identified in the RILs partially overlapped at an interval of 7.314-9.554 Mb,and they explained 3.44-10.21%of the starch content variation,so they were selected for further *** mapping of qSTA2-2 with the backcrossed populations of ^(I220)/PH4CV in each generation narrowed it down to a 199.7 kb interval that contains 14 open reading frames(ORFs).Transcriptomic analysis of developing seeds from the near-isogenic lines(NILs)of ^(I220)/PH4CV(BC_(5)F_(2))showed that only 11 ORFs were expressed in 20 days after pollination(DAP)*** of them were upregulated and six of them were downregulated in NIL^(I220),and the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)between NIL^(I220) and NIL^(PH4CV) were enriched in starch metabolism,hormone signal transduction and glycosaminoglycan *** the eleven NIL^(I220) differential expressed ORFs,ORF4(Zm00001d002260)and ORF5(Zm00001d002261)carry 75%protein sequence similarity,both encodes an glycolate oxidase,were the possible candidates of *** analysis and validation indicated that mutation of the qSTA2-2 locus resulted in the dysfunction of ABA accumulation,the embryo/endosperm ratio and the starch and hormone levels.

关键词： QTL mapping seed starch transcriptomic analysis hormone

An internal ballistic model of electromagnetic railgun based on PFN coupled with multi-physical field and experimental validation

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 254-261页

作者： Benfeng gu Haiyuan li Baoming li National Key Laboratory of Transient Physics Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

To accelerate the practicality of electromagnetic railguns,it is necessary to use a combination of threedimensional numerical simulation and experiments to study the mechanism of bore *** this paper,a three-dimensional numerical model of the augmented railgun with four parallel unconventional rails is introduced to simulate the internal ballistic process and realize the multi-physics field coupling calculation of the rail gun,and a test experiment of a medium-caliber electromagnetic launcher powered by pulse formation network(PFN)is carried *** test methods such as spectrometer,fiber grating and high-speed camera are used to test several parameters such as muzzle initial velocity,transient magnetic field strength and stress-strain of *** the simulation results and experimental data,the damage condition of the contact surface is analyzed.

关键词： Internal ballistic modeling Electromagnetic rail gun Multi-physics field coupling Experimental validation PFN

Branched glycopolymer prodrug-derived nanoassembly combined with a STING agonist activates an immuno-supportive status to boost anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第5期14卷 2194-2209页

作者： Zhilin li Qianfeng Zhang Zhiqian li Long Ren Dayi Pan Qiyong Gong Zhongwei gu Hao cai Kui Luo Department of Radiology Huaxi MR Research Center(HMRRC)Clinical Research Center for BreastDepartment of Breast SurgeryDepartment of Thoracic Surgery and Institute of Thoracic OncologyFrontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular NetworkState Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province and Research Unit of PsychoradiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesChengdu 610041China Department of Radiology West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan UniversityXiamen 361021China Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource Ministry of EducationYunnan Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Natural ProductsSchool of PharmacyYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

Despite the great potential of anti-PD-L1 antibodies for immunotherapy,their low response rate due to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment has hampered their *** address this issue,we constructed a cell membrane-coated nanosystem(mB4S)to reverse an immunosuppressive microenvironment to an immuno-supportive one for strengthening the anti-tumor *** this system,Epirubicin(EPI)as an immunogenic cell death(ICD)inducer was coupled to a branched glycopolymer via hydrazone bonds and diABZI as a stimulator of interferon genes(STING)agonist was encapsulated into *** internalization of mB4S,EPI was acidic-responsively released to induce ICD,which was characterized by an increased level of calreticulin(CRT)exposure and enhanced ATP ***,diABZI effectively activated the STING *** with mB4S in combination with an anti-PD-L1 antibody elicited potent immune responses by increasing the ratio of matured dendritic cells(DCs)and CD8+T cells,promoting cytokines secretion,up-regulating M1-like tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)and down-regulating immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs).Therefore,this nanosystem for co-delivery of an ICD inducer and a STING agonist achieved promotion of DCs maturation and CD8+T cells infiltration,creating an immuno-supportive microenvironment,thus potentiating the therapy effect of the anti-PD-L1 antibody in both 4T1 breast and CT26 colon tumor mice.

关键词： Glycopolymer Polymer prodrug Immunogenic cell death Nanoassembly Epirubicin STING pathway Immuno-supportive microenvironment Immunotherapy

Versatile oxidized variants derived from TMDs by various oxidation strategies and their applications

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 14-25页

作者： gu Gong Mengzhu li Ning Sun Ting Zhi Yuhao He Junan Pan Yuntao cai Longlu Wang College of Electronic and Optical Engineering&College of Flexible Electronics(Future Technology) Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications(NUPT)Nanjing 210023China

The physicochemical properties of transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)are highly related to their structures and usually stable in ***,under certain conditions they could be transformed into different structures due to *** this,various materials with fascinating structures have been explored by oxidation strategies,which possess novel properties and great potential in various applications such as solar batteries,hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)catalysts,and field effect transistors(FET).In this review,we systematically summarize the atomic structures of TMD oxidized variants and the corresponding fabrication *** various characterization methods,the chemical components of TMD oxidized variants are ***,we expound the promising applications of the oxidized *** review is expected to provide a new insight for preparing precise materials at the atomic level through corresponding oxidation strategies.

关键词： Transition metal dichalcogenides Oxidation strategies Oxidized variants Hydrogen evolution reaction Physicochemical properties

Spectral purification improves monitoring accuracy of the comprehensive growth evaluation index for film-mulched winter wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第5期23卷 1523-1540页

作者： Zhikai Cheng Xiaobo gu Yadan Du Zhihui Zhou Wenlong li Xiaobo Zheng Wenjing cai Tian Chang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid AreasMinistry of Education/Northwest A&F University Yangling712100China

In order to further improve the utility of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)remote-sensing for quickly and accurately monitoring the growth of winter wheat under film mulching, this study examined the treatments of ridge mulching,ridge–furrow full mulching, and flat cropping full mulching in winter *** on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE) method, four agronomic parameters (leaf area index, above-ground biomass, plant height, and leaf chlorophyll content) were used to calculate the comprehensive growth evaluation index (CGEI) of the winter wheat, and 14 visible and near-infrared spectral indices were calculated using spectral purification technology to process the remote-sensing image data of winter wheat obtained by multispectral *** machine learning algorithms, partial least squares, support vector machines, random forests, and artificial neural network networks(ANN), were used to build the winter wheat growth monitoring model under film mulching, and accuracy evaluation and mapping of the spatial and temporal distribution of winter wheat growth status were carried *** results showed that the CGEI of winter wheat under film mulching constructed using the FCE method could objectively and comprehensively evaluate the crop growth *** accuracy of remote-sensing inversion of the CGEI based on the ANN model was higher than for the individual agronomic parameters, with a coefficient of determination of 0.75,a root mean square error of 8.40, and a mean absolute value error of *** purification could eliminate the interference of background effects caused by mulching and soil, effectively improving the accuracy of the remotesensing inversion of winter wheat under film mulching, with the best inversion effect achieved on the ridge–furrow full mulching area after spectral *** results of this study provide a theoretical reference for the use of UAV remote-sensing to monitor the growth status of winter wheat with film mulching.

关键词： mulched winter wheat machine learning fuzzy comprehensive evaluation comprehensive growth evaluation index unmanned aerial vehicle

Interplay between the atomic structures and superconductivity of two-monolayer Pb films

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第1期67卷 90-98页

作者： Kun Xie Ze Huang Pengju li Yumin Xia Desheng cai Yitong gu Yuzhou liu Fangliang cai Runxiao Zhang Haohao Shi Ping Cui Shengyong Qin International Center for Quantum Design of Functional Materials(ICQD) University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics Department of PhysicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China

Superconductors with reduced dimensionality have been widely explored for their exotic superconducting ***,at the two-dimensional limit,two-monolayer Pb films with two types of structures provide an ideal platform to unveil the underlying superconducting mechanism[Science 324,1314(2009)].Here,by combining scanning tunneling microscopy(STM)with the first-principle calculations,we successfully identify that these two types have different atomic lattice structures with varying stacking phases,which further enables us to calculate the phonon spectrum and electron phonon coupling strength of each *** theoretical calculations are in good agreement with tunneling spectroscopy measurements of the superconducting transition temperatures(T_(c)),which established a correlation between atomic structures and ***,it was observed that the higher T_(c)of these two types also possess higher out-of-plane upper critical magnetic fields(Hc2).These findings will provide important new insights into two-dimensional superconductivity at the atomic level.

关键词： 2 ML Pb films superconductivity atomic structure scanning tunneling microscopy first-principle calculations

A transferrin receptor targeting dual-modal MR/NIR fluorescent imaging probe for glioblastoma diagnosis

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第3期3卷 122-133页

作者： Jiaqi Hao Huawei cai Lei gu Yiqi Ma Yan li Beibei liu Hongyan Zhu Fanxin Zeng Min Wu Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center(HMRRC) Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Research Unit of Psychoradiology Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Nuclear Medicine&Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Department of Clinical Research Center Dazhou Central HospitalDazhouSichuan 635000China

The prognosis of glioblastoma(GBM)remains challenging,primarily due to the lack of a precise,effective imaging technique for comprehensively *** GBM diagnostic challenges,our study introduces an innovative dual-modal imaging that merges near-infrared(NIR)fluorescent imaging with magnetic resonance imaging(MR).This method employs superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticies coated with NIR fluorescent dyes,specifically Cyanine 7,and targeted *** synthetic probe facilitates MRI functionality through superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles,provides NIR imaging capability via Cyanine 7 and enhances tumor targeting trough peptide interactions,offering a comprehensive diagnostic tool for ***,the probe traverses the blood-brain barrier,targeting GBM in vivo via peptides,producing clear and discermible images in both *** and histopathology assessments confirm the probe's favorable safet *** findings suggest that the dual-modal MRINIR fluorescent imaging probe could revolutionize GBM prognosis and survival rate which can also be extended to other tumors type.

关键词： glioblastoma magnetic resonance imaging dual-modal probes near-infrared fluorescent targeting peptides

Enhancing Photovoltaic Performance of Nonfused-Ring Electron Acceptors via Asymmetric End-Group Engineering and Noncovalently Conformational Locks

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第5期42卷 485-490页

作者： Bo liu Congqi li Xiaobin gu Yinghui Han Zhixiang Wei Yunhao cai Xin Zhang Hui Huang Yanping Huo School of Chemical Engineering and light Industry Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdong510006 China College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology & Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering & CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation & CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049 China College Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049 China Center for Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS) & Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS) National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing100190 China

By employing the asymmetric end-group engineering,an asymmetric nonfused-ring electron acceptor(NFREA)was designed and *** with the symmetric analogs(NoCA-17 and NoCA-18),NoCA-19 possesses broader light absorption range,more coplanarπ-conjugated backbone,and appropriate crystallinity according to the experimental and theoretical *** organic solar cells based on J52:NoCA-19 exhibited a power conversion efficiency as high as 12.26%,which is much higher than those of J52:NoCA-17(9.50%)and J52:NoCA-18(11.77%),mainly due to more efficient exciton dissociation,better and balanced charge mobility,suppressed recombination loss,shorter charge extraction time,longer charge carrier lifetimes,and more favorable blend film *** findings demonstrate the great potential of asymmetric end-group engineering in exploring low-cost and high-performance NFREAs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Nonfused-ring electron acceptors Asymmetric end-group engineering Noncovalently conformational locks Low-cost acceptors