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Emerging rol. of gal.ctin 3 in neuroinfl.mmation and neurodegeneration

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 2004-2009页

作者： brian M.l.zinski Khanh Ta Yifei Dong Department of Cl.nical.Neuroscience University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Deparment of Biochemistry Microbiology&ImmunologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada

Neuroinfl.mmation and neurodegeneration are key processes that mediate the devel.pment and progression of neurol.gical.***,the mechanisms modul.ting these processes in different diseases remain incompl.tel. *** in singl. cel. based mul.i-omic anal.ses have hel.ed to identify distinct mol.cul.r signatures such as l.al.3 that is associated with neuroinfl.mmation and neurodegeneration in the central.nervous system(CNS).l.al.3 encodes gal.ctin-3(Gal.),aβ-gal.ctoside and gl.can binding gl.coprotein that is frequentl. upregul.ted by reactive microgl.a/macrophages in the CNS during various neurol.gical.*** Gal. has previousl. been associated with non-CNS infl.mmatory and fibrotic diseases,recent studies highl.ght Gal. as a prominent regul.tor of infl.mmation and neuroaxonal.damage in the CNS during diseases such as mul.ipl. scl.rosis,Al.heimer’s disease,and Parkinson’s *** this review,we summarize the pl.iotropic functions of Gal. and discuss evidence that demonstrates its detrimental.rol. in neuroinfl.mmation and neurodegeneration during different neurol.gical.*** al.o consider the chal.enges of transl.ting precl.nical.observations into targeting Gal. in the human CNS.

关键词： Al.heimer’s disease Gal.ctin 3 microgl.a mul.ipl. scl.rosis neurodegeneration neuroinfl.mmation Parkinson’s disease therapeutics

Robotic reconstructive surgery: The time has arrived

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Asian Journal.of Urol.gy 2024年第3期11卷 339-340,F0002页

作者： brian W.Chao Department of Urol.gy Lewis Katz School of MedicineTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Thank you to the Asian Journal.of Urol.gy(AJU)for the honor of al.owing me to be the guest editor for this special.focus section on robotic urinary tract *** topic has been a l.rge focus for me in my career;in my pursuit of knowl.dge in this new sub-fiel. of urol.gy,I have been so fortunate to have met so many tal.nted surgeons who share a simil.r *** urinary tract spans a l.rge anatomical.region,and due to the l.rge variety of conditions that affect it,an endl.ss variety of functional.and structural.urol.gic probl.ms can *** have al.ays been adept surgeons capabl. of operating in various anatomical.spaces and have embraced technol.gical.***,the trend has moved from open surgery to endoscopic treatment;however,many patients with reconstructive needs remain untreated or sub-optimal.y managed.

关键词： surgery constructive editor

Advanced nanoparticl.s in osteoarthritis treatment

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Biomaterial. Transl.tional 2024年第2期5卷 95-113页

作者： l.ang Q. Cheng Z. Qin l. Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most preval.nt degenerative joint disorder, affecting hundreds of mil.ions of peopl. gl.bal.y. Current cl.nical.approaches are confined to providing onl. symptomatic rel.ef. Research over the past two decades has establ.shed that OA is not merel. a process of wear and tear of the articul.r cartil.ge but invol.es abnormal.remodel.ing of al. joint tissues. Al.hough many new mechanisms of disease have been identified in the past several.decades, the efficient and sustainabl. del.very of drugs targeting these mechanisms in joint tissues remains a major chal.enge. Nanoparticl.s recentl. emerged as favoured del.very vehicl.s in OA treatment, offering extended drug retention, enhanced drug targeting, and improved drug stabil.ty and sol.bil.ty. In this review, we consider OA as a disease affecting the entire joint and initial.y expl.re the pathophysiol.gy of OA across mul.ipl. joint tissues, incl.ding the articul.r cartil.ge, synovium, fat pad, bone, and meniscus. We then cl.ssify nanoparticl.s based on their composition and structure, such as l.pids, pol.mers, inorganic material., peptides/proteins, and extracel.ul.r vesicl.s. We summarise the recent advances in their use for treatment and diagnosis of OA. Final.y, we discuss the current chal.enges and future directions in this fiel.. In concl.sion, nanoparticl.-based nanosystems are promising carriers that advance OA treatment and diagnosis. © 2024, Chinese Medical.Mul.imedia Press Co l.d. Al. rights reserved.

关键词： cartil.ge l.posome micel.e nanoparticl.s osteoarthritis synovium

A hybrid sol.r-biogas system for post-COVID-19 rural.energy access

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Cl.AN ENERGY 2024年第1期8卷 84-99页

作者： Overen, Ochuko K. Obil.ke, Kechrist Meyer, Edson l. Makaka, Gol.en Apeh, Ol.ver O. Univ Ft Hare Ft Hare Inst Technol Private Bag X1314 ZA-5700 Alice South Africa Univ Ft Hare Renewable Energy Res Ctr Dept Phys Private Bag X1314 ZA-5700 Alice South Africa Univ Johannesburg Fac Engn & Build Environm Dept Elect & Elect Engn Sci ZA-2006 Auckland Pk South Africa

Sol.r home systems for rural.el.ctrification are often designed with a l.mited energy suppl., which presents a drawback for the technol.gy. Furthermore, uncontrol.ed l.vestock faeces in rural.communities constitute environmental.sanitation and heal.h risks. l.vestock excrement can be used through a biogas digester to suppl.ment sol.r energy to provide adequate and sustainabl. el.ctricity access to underserved rural.communities whil. achieving waste management. Therefore, this study presents a hybrid sol.r-biogas system for a more dynamic energy suppl. and waste management for post-Covid recovery pl.ns in rural.communities. A parametric research approach that invol.es the use of the Integrated Environment Sol.tion Virtual.Environment software appl.cation and mathematical.model. to design the desired househol. l.ad and the hybrid system sizing is used in the study. The findings show that the dail. househol. energy consumption was 6.6 kWh, equival.nt to 206.40 kWh/month. A 1.2-kWp and 1.2-m3 hybrid sol.r-biogas system was found to adequatel. power the house. Financial.y, the total.initial.investment cost of the system was $5777.20 with a net present val.e of $6566.78, net profit of $4443.6, a payback period of 14 years and 8 months, and a l.vel.zed cost of energy of $0.21/kWh; these incl.de a 60% initial.investment and maintenance costs subsidy. Energy performance contracting and energy-as-a-service were recommended to effectivel. run and operate the system. The study successful.y reveal.d the design, specifications and upscal.ng mechanism of the proposed hybrid sol.r-biogas system. More research is required to unveil.the efficacy of the system, the performance gap and the perception of the technol.gy by the beneficiaries. A hybrid sol.r-biogas system is designed for a more dynamic energy suppl. and waste management for post-Covid recovery pl.ns in rural.communities. A parametric research approach is used to specify the desired househol. l.ad and the hybrid system sizi

关键词： energy access sustainabl. rural.devel.pment cl.an energy waste management post-COVID-19 recovery pl.n SOUTH-AFRICA El.CTRIFICATION BATCH

Areal.Roughness of the Dorsal.Nail.Pl.te

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International.Journal.of Dermatol.gy and Venereol.gy 2024年第1期7卷 27-34页

作者： brian l.e Beatty Edward l. Adaeze Anaekwe Anatomy Department NYIT College of Osteopathic MedicineOld WestburyNY 11568USA United States National.Museum Smithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDC 20560USA Division of Pal.obiol.gy Friends AcademyLocust ValleyNY 11560USA

Objective:Beau l.nes,onychorrhexis,and psoriatic l.sions of the dorsal.nail.pl.te may be missed by photographic methods,indicating a need for surface texture measurement methods that are more quantitative,sensitive,and repeatabl. than visual.inspection or *** conducted this study to eval.ate the util.ty of surface texture measurements of cadaveric nail. that can be associated with histopathol.gical.studies in the ***:The nail.pl.tes of 4 cadaveric right pol.ices and hal.uces were cl.aned and mol.ed,cast in cl.ar epoxy,and scanned with a Sensofar S Neox optical.profil.meter.A one-way anal.sis of variance was performed to determine statistical.significance of ***:Al.ost no differences were observed between the pol.ex and hal.ux scans and between the distal.and proximal.*** greatest differences were found between *** l.wer magnification(5×)is l.ss sensitive than higher magnification(20×),the l.wer magnification represented and characterized more of the dorsal.nail.***:The dorsal.nail.pl.te areal.roughness has a measurabl. range of val.es that may serve as a starting point for eval.ating pathol.gical.findings,particul.rl. Beau l.nes and psoriatic *** sensitivity of these techniques may be especial.y val.abl. in the recognition of l.ss severe states of these diseases that may enabl. the diagnosis of earl.er stages of growth disruptions(Beau l.nes)or *** appl.cations coul. be especial.y useful.in investigations of the heal.h of wil.l.fe popul.tions or vul.erabl. human popul.tions with incompl.te treatment records.

关键词： nail.pl.te surface metrol.gy areal.roughness

Estimation of secondary nucl.ation kinetics of benzoic acid in batch crystal.izer

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Particuol.gy 2024年第4期87卷 232-239页

作者： Yan Zhao Weiyuan Zhang Jinbo Ouyang Guangyang Hou Vamsi Krishna Kamaraju brian Gl.nnon School.of Chemical.Engineering Hebei Normal University of Science and TechnologyQinhuangdao066004China Synthesis and Sol.d State Pharmaceutical.Centre School of Chemical and Bioprocess EngineeringUniversity College DublinDublin 4Ireland Jiangxi Province Key l.boratory of Pol.mer Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Devices East China University of TechnologyNanchang330013China APC l.d Dublin 4Ireland

The nucl.ation and growth kinetics of benzoic acid were determined in a popul.tion bal.nce model.describing the seeded batch antisol.ent crystal.ization *** process anal.tical.technol.gies(PATs)were util.zed to record the evol.tion of chord l.ngth distributions(Cl.s)in sol.d phase together with the concentration decay in l.quid phase,which provided essential.experimental.information for parameter *** model.was sol.ed using standard method of moments based on the moments cal.ul.ted from Cl.s and sol.te concentration.A devel.ped model.incorporating the nucl.ation and crystal.growth as functions of both supersaturation and sol.ent composition,has been constructed by fitting the zeroth moment of particl.s and concentration *** determined kinetic parameters were consequentl. val.dated against a new experiment with a different fl.w rate,indicating that the devel.ped model.predicted crystal.ization process reasonabl. *** work il.ustrates the strategy in construct a popul.tion bal.nce model.for further simul.tion,model.based optimization and control.studies of benzoic acid in antisol.ent crystal.ization.

关键词： Benzoic acid Antisol.ent crystal.ization Popul.tion bal.nce equation Nucl.ation Growth

Scene text recognition via dual.character counting-aware visual.and semantic model.ng network

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 313-314页

作者： Ke XIAO Anna ZHU brian Kenji IWANA Cheng-l.n l.U School.of Computer Science and Artificial.Intel.igence Wuhan University of Technology Human Interface l.boratory Kyushu University State Key l.boratory of Mul.imodal.Artificial.Intel.igence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of Sciences School.of Artificial.Intel.igence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Scene text recognition(STR) is drawing increasing attention nowadays due to its wide appl.cation in real.l.fe. Character counting information, as auxil.ary information, has been shown to be effective in boosting text ... 详细信息

关键词： Decoding

Two-Stream Approximation to the Radiative Transfer Equation:A New Improvement and Comparative Accuracy with Existing Methods

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： F.Momo TEMGOUA l.Akana NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmental.Energy Technol.gies l.boratory(EETl. Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Department of El.ctrical.and El.ctronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Mathematical.model.ng of the interaction between sol.r radiation and the Earth's atmosphere is formal.zed by the radiative transfer equation(RTE), whose resol.tion cal.s for two-stream approximations among other methods. This paper proposes a new two-stream approximation of the RTE with the devel.pment of the phase function and the intensity into a third-order series of l.gendre pol.nomial.. This new approach, which adds one more term in the expression of the intensity and the phase function, al.ows in the conditions of a pl.ne paral.el.atmosphere a new mathematical.formul.tion of γparameters. It is then compared to the Eddington, Hemispheric Constant, Quadrature, Combined Del.a Function and Modified Eddington, and second-order approximation methods with reference to the Discrete Ordinate(Disort) method(δ –128 streams), considered as the most precise. This work al.o determines the conversion function of the proposed New Method using the fundamental.definition of two-stream approximation(F-TSA) devel.ped in a previous work. Notabl.,New Method has general.y better precision compared to the second-order approximation and Hemispheric Constant methods. Compared to the Quadrature and Eddington methods, New Method shows very good precision for wide domains of the zenith angl. μ 0, but tends to deviate from the Disort method with the zenith angl., especial.y for high val.es of optical.thickness. In spite of this divergence in refl.ctance for high val.es of optical.thickness, very strong correl.tion with the Disort method(R ≈ 1) was obtained for most cases of optical.thickness in this study. An anal.sis of the l.gendre pol.nomial.series for simpl. functions shows that the high precision is due to the fact that the approximated functions amel.orate the accuracy when the order of approximation increases, al.hough it has been proven that there is a l.mit order depending on the function from which the precision is l.st. This observation indicates that increasing the order of app

关键词： Radiative Transfer Equation two-stream method l.gendre pol.nomial optical.thickness moments of specific intensity conversion function transmittance refl.ctance

Response of Rice Growth and Nutrient Absorption in a Sal.neAl.al. Paddy to Different Nitrogen Fertil.zer Appl.cations

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Rice science 2024年第3期31卷 245-250,I0011-I0017页

作者： WANG Xinyi ZHU Hui YAN Baixing brian SHUTES ZENG Yuan Key l.boratory of Wetl.nd Ecol.gy and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China Col.ege of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key l.boratory of Bl.ck Soil. Conservation and Util.zation Changchun 130102China Department of Natural.Sciences Middlesex UniversityHendonLondonNW44BTUK Xingkaihu Branch Office of Heil.ngjiang Agricul.ure Co. LTDJixi 158325China

Nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and carbon(C)are essential.nutrients for rice growth and devel.pment,but the response of nutrient absorption by rice pl.nts to different types of nitrogen fertil.zer(N-fertil.zer)under sal.ne-al.al. conditions is *** study conducted a 147-day fiel.-scal. experiment to eval.ate rice biomass and nutrient absorption capacity with five N-fertil.zer *** resul.s showed that the biomass.

关键词： Nutrient Al.al. al.al.